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Evolution and mutual relations between demographic indicators
Černý, Andrej ; Löster, Tomáš (advisor) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis focuses on the analysis and evolution of demographic indicators through world's regions and states. It searches for a relation between demographic indicators and finds connections between economical, political and demographics evolution. The first part of the thesis defines the demographic indicators and shows the evolution from the period 1960-2008. Especially the evolution of the Czech Republic and those states where changes were the greatest in the mentioned period is shown there. The second part of the thesis focuses on the analysis of the economical and medical factors that influence demographic indicators. The purpose is to quantify this influence and measure its intensity. For this purpose regression analysis and analysis of variance is used. The biggest reduction in mortality rate was in Yemen in the mentioned period, on the other hand the biggest increase was noted in Ukraine. The smallest values of the infant mortality rate are detected in Scandinavia which positively influences the life expectancy at birth in these states. Infant mortality rate dropped most in the states of Southern Europe and Egypt while in Zimbabwe and Democratic Republic of the Congo the improvement was the smallest. The evolution of these indicators dramatically influenced life expectancy at birth in these particular states. The main factors that influence life expectancy at birth include GDP per capita in PPP, the number of physicians, health expenditure, alcohol consumption and immunization.
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Does level of aggressiveness in society influence number of road fatalities in country?
Cvrček, Jakub ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Stejkoza, Josef (referee)
The thesis analyses the relationship between level of aggressiveness in society and number of road fatalities using data from the states of European union from 2004 to 2008. It describes socioeconomic determinants that explain violent behavior in countries and than focuses on individual rate of aggressiveness and rate of aggressiveness in society. Regression analysis is made by fixed effects method after that. The analysis confirms positive relationship between rate of aggressiveness in society (measured by homicide rate and number of housebreaking) and number of road fatalities. Others significant variables were evaluated GDP growth, tax ratio amount, unemployment rate, number of doctors, young people ratio, alcohol consumption, seat belt using and number of passenger-kilometers in country. The mechanism of their effect on road fatalities rate is discussed. Estimated results were used to formulation of recommendation for reduce number of road fatalities.
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Population trends after World War II in the Czech republic
Kubatová, Martina ; Svoboda, Libor (advisor) ; Tuček, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the development of basic demographic structure of Czech population after World War II to the present. The period is divided into three stages of population development. The first stage of the years 1945 - 1969 includes the post-war development in our country, a period an enthusiastic of building and subsequent periods of stagnation and decline at the end of the sixties. The next stage of years 1970 - 1989 describes the demographic waves in the seventies and negative features of population development, which peaked at the end of the eighties. Last stage of years 1990 - 2010 focuses on the beginning of restoration of democracy in Czech society and the current development of the Czech population. Part of this thesis is also focused on development of economic activity of Czech population in the years 1945 - 2010. Economic activity is divided into two parts. The first part assesses the development of economic activity in a period of almost forty years of socialism in the Czech Republic. The second part describes the development of economic activity after 1989.
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Mortality by cause of death: international comparison of recent trends
Filip, Jakub ; Pechholdová, Markéta (advisor) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
The aim of my work is to describe and compare changes in mortality according to classes of causes of death in the Czech Republic and selected European countries between 1994 - 2009. The work includes mortality characteristics of the Czech Republic, Germany, Estonia, Austria and Finland. The work is divided into three main parts. The first part describes terms related to mortality. The second part deals with the coding of causes of death, its history and origin. The third part is devoted to comparing mortality by cause of death, where the emphasis is on diseases of the circulatory system, malignant neoplasms and external causes.
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Are Recessions Good for Your Health?
Kopecká, Petra ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Rotschedl, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of macroeconomic conditions on mortality from different causes during the period 1991-2007 by the same way as Ruhm (2000) did his analysis for the period 1972-1991 and then compare the results of these two analysis. Using the model with fixed effects panel data from 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia was tested. Results of the analysis in this work were distorted due to autocorrelation, which could not be removed. It was therefore only possible to evaluate the results of the analysis of total mortality and mortality due to suicide and murder. Ruhm (2000) showed pro-cyclical nature of total mortality, as well as eight of the ten causes of death. In the analysis performed in this work pro-cyclicity was proved only in total mortality rate. Mortality due to suicide and murder proved to be countercyclical in the period 1991-2007.
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Possibilities of increasing of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.) quality stock production for running waters
NEBESKÝ, Václav
European grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.) is important and ancestral kind of fish in Czech Republic. Today number of grayling in open waters is decreasing. It caused many reasons. Mainly increasing fishing pressure, unfavourable regulation of streams, water pollutinon, raising occurrence of predators etc. That is why is necessarily devote care to this problem. Main goals of this work were optimalization of technologies to decrease post-spawning mortality of grayling spawners. Optimalization of technologies for breedig offspring of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.). Use artificially propagated stock of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.) in conditions of open waters. Experiments were done in Blanice River in South Bohemia (Czech Republic) and a hatchery of the Czech Anglers´ Union in Husinec. Part works were done in 2005, but majority in 2006. Results of this work indicate that is possible decrease post-spawning mortality of grayling spawners with using antibiotics. Also using stockfish from controlled conditions for restocking the open waters is conditionally possible. Problem is however with high losses after release.
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Comparative analysis of the Czech and French policies in favour of natality
TICHÁNKOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to present The Policy of natality, The Family Policy in Czech Republic and in France with a view to the social measures used to help the sustenance of natality and the families with their children like social benefits, the modification in labour law. My thesis is divided in five chapters. The first one describes briefly the history of natural population increase and migration in Czech Republic during 20th century. The second one is about history of natural population increase and migration in France during 20th century. The two following chapters describe the history about The policy of natality in France and Czech Republic during 20th century and the actual social measures used to help the families with their children. Finally chapter presents the analyse comparative of The Policy of natality, of The Family Policy and the analyse comparative of social measures in these countries.
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AIDS v zemích subsaharské Afriky: příčiny, stav a důsledky
Bouřilová, Lenka ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Popovová, Marie (referee)
In the first part of the work are described the most frequent causes of the origin and spread of HIV/AIDS in sub-saharan Africa. The second part of the work summarizes the state of infection in sub-saharan Africa from quantitative and qualitative aspect and adumbration of AIDS outlook. The last part is focusing on the most serious impacts of illness for sub-saharan Africa and the whole world with emphasis on economic, demographic and social impacts.
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Analysis of mortality in life insurance
Řeháková, Eliška ; Ducháčková, Eva (advisor)
This work is focused on analysis of mortality in the sector of life insurance. In the first part there is discribed life insurance, its principles and history. The second part describes mortality and affecting factors. Next part deals with life insurance underwriting. At the end is mentioned problem of population ageing.
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The Second Demographic Transition - Regional Differentiations In the Czech Republic
Dvořáková, Kateřina ; Nezdařilová, Eva (advisor) ; Kazdová, Jitka (referee)
Předmětem zájmu diplomové práce jsou změny, které se v české společnosti odehrávají od počátku 90. let a jsou označovány jako druhý demografický přechod. Popisu demografických změn v naší republice nejprve předchází obecná charakteristika druhého demografického přechodu, kde se čtenář může seznámit nejen s pojmem ?druhý demografický přechod?, ale i s jeho projevy. Následuje popis vývoje demografických veličin jak na úrovni celé České republiky, tak na úrovni krajské. Poslední část diplomové práce je věnována hledání vazby demografických charakteristik na další nedemografické veličiny. V závěru práce jsou shrnuty výsledné poznatky a čtenář zde může také nalézt kategorizaci krajů dle vývoje demografických veličin.
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