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Motivating factors of water-based physical activities engagement during pregnancy
Kratochvílová Huclová, Petra ; Kramperová, Veronika (advisor) ; Peslová, Eva (referee)
Title: Motivation of pregnant women to physical activities in the aquatic environment Subtitle: Physical acivity in pregnancy Goals: The purpose of this thesis is to examine motivational aspects of physical activities in aquatic environment regarding pregnant women - the reasons why they opt to try aqua fitness, their expectations, the influence of exercise on their health, their physical fitness and mental well-being. Methods: Practical part of the thesis was conducted by quantitative survey. Method of standardized questionnaire was used to obtain data. The questionnaire contained 18 questions - the answering was completely anonymous. The survey reached 43 pregnant women: it took place at swimming centres in Prague and Beroun. Data obtained from the survey was recorded in the tables and shown in the charts. The resulting data from the questionnaire was processed by SPSS 21 and MS Excel using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The main reason for pregnant women to do aqua fitness is to maintain a general physical fitness. Pregnant women do not state health reasons as an incentive to start exercising in aquatic environment. Swimming and aqua fitness is also chosen with a respect to positive development of the child fetus and keeping mental well-being. Key words: Pregnancy, motivation,...
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Revitalization variants assessment of the Maříž Castle park and alternative solution of park revitalization concept
KALVODOVÁ, Vanda
The result of the proposed diploma thesis on "Revitalization variants assessment of the Maříž chetau park and proposal of alternative solution of park revitalization concept" is a "own variant" and evaluation of the alternative solutions for the revitalization of the Maříž chateau park. The first variant is named "non-intervention variant", which describes a status of the chateau park in year 2009, before making any intervention for revitalization. The second variant is a "design variant", that planners worked out for the owner of the park. The last variant is the "own variant" processed by the author of this diploma thesis. Each variant is evaluated in cultural-historical, ecological, economical, and social and educational terms through SWOT analysis. The diploma thesis found that in a village of Maříž there is already partly revitalization of the greenery. The main problem is the surface water pollution by waste water at present. The waste water problem is processed within of alternative solution of park revitalization koncept.
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Ecophysiological significance of root-fungus symbioses in Mediterranean seagrasses
Borovec, Ondřej ; Vohník, Martin (advisor) ; Gryndler, Milan (referee)
Seagrasses are the only group of submerged plants that are permanently growing in marine environment. They play an important role in the sea bottom ecosystem. Seagrasses are primary producers capable of accumulation and deposition of carbon. They influence water flow at the sea bottom and form symbioses with variety of organisms. Our knowledge of symbiotic interactions of seagrasses is still limited even though several studies of the topic have been carried out in recent years. Unlike most of terrestrial plants, seagrasses are generally considered as plants that do not form any specific associations with mycorrhizal or endophytic fungi. Surprisingly, we have discovered a novel fungal endophytic association in roots of Mediterranean endemic seagrass species Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile. Morphology of this symbiotic fungi strongly resembles common symbiotic fungi of terrestrial plants, dark septate endophytes (DSE). We sampled roots of P. oceanica in large area of the Mediterranean from southeastern Spain to Albania and described range and taxonomical classification of the endophyte using microscopy, in vitro cultivation and molecular determination. Roots of P. oceanica in whole area of study are colonized by mere two endophytic fungal species. Over 90 % of the fungal symbionts belong to a single...
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Rating postural stability in synchronized swimming
Koubková, Natálie ; Satrapová, Lenka (advisor) ; Stupková, Michaela (referee)
Title: Rating postural stability in synchronized swimming Objectives: The aim of the diploma thesis is to detect, with a use of the system Gaitview ® AFA - 50 systém (Foot Scanner), if synchronized swimming has effect on postural stability of synchronized swimmers. Methods: Therotical part of diploma thesis is about synchronized swimming, influence of the aquatic environment, postural stability, stabilization and balance. A sample of 113 female athletes aged 6-35, who were long term synchronized swimmers at competition level, was chosen for this survey. Postural stability of athletes was tested while standing still with open and closed eyes by Gaitview ® AFA-50 system (Foot Scanner). Measured data were processed through Gaitview software, Microsoft Excel 2010 and anaylzed by statistical methods (average percentage, ratio, linear trend). Results: Results confirmed the effect of synchronized swimming on athletes postural stability. The longer are athletes dedicated to synchronized swimming the better is postural stability. From the age of 15 years and after 9 years of experience in synchronized swimming postural stability was shown to be better without access to visual information than with it. In the youngest category there is the biggest difference in postural stability while standing still with...
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EMG analysis of the influence of the water environment on walking in the elderly
Vodičková, Kamila ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Neuwirthová, Svatava (referee)
Title: EMG analysis of the influence of the water environment on walking in the elderly Objectives: The main objective of this master thesis is to determine the degree of activation of selected muscles during walking on land and in water environment by using surface electromyography. The next component objective is to determine and compare dynamic co-contraction level of low extremity muscles during walking on land and in water. Methods: It is a pilot study which was attended by 5 participants. The average age of the research group was 67,2 years and was represented 3 men and 2 women. Activity of m. tibialis anterior, m. gastrocnemius, m. rectus femoris, m. biceps femoris and mm. erectores spinae in the level of ThL transition was recorded during walking on land and in water environment. EMG signal has been adjusted, analyzed and after that normalized EMG signal to MVC was compared in both environments. The records were compared both intraindividually and interindividually. At the end dynamic co-contraction level of selected muscles was evaluated and compared during gait in both environments. Results: Electromyographic analysis revealed that during walking in aquatic environment were analyzed muscles involved with less extent than during walking on land. Co-contraction level was lower in low...
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An electromyographical analysis of the influence of water environment on the rehabilitation of patients with Parkinson's disease
Kotalíková, Kateřina ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Pavlů, Dagmar (referee)
Title: An electromyographical analysis of the influence of water environment on the rehabilitation of patients with Parkinson's disease Aims: The main aim of this Master's thesis was to compare electrical activity of selected muscles of patients with Parkinson's disease via electromyography during gate aground and in water environment. Furhter aim was to determine co-contraction level of leg muscles of patients with Parkinson's disease during gait aground and in water environment. Methods: This thesis is a case study, which was conducted on five probands, two of which were men and three women of age 67,4±7,1. With the use of surface electromyography, an activity was evaluated of m.tibialis anterior, m.gastrocnemius, m. rectus femoris, m. biceps femoris and mm. erectores spinae in place of Th -L junction. Acquired EMG signal was analized and then a standarized level of muscle activity during gait in different environments was evaluated, aground and in water, and afterward a dynamic co-contraction level was evaluated. Results: The results show consistent standardized activity of monitored muscles in water environment, which describes a chronic influence of pathological central program accompanying Parkinson's disease, where a change in coordination pattern is not observed, typical for movement in...
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Respiratory muscle strenght during water immersion - spirometical experiment.
Kmeťová, Anna ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Šulc, Jan (referee)
Our study focuses on the connection between existence of a punctum fixum (or point of support) and respiratory muscle strength. Respiratory muscles execute both respiratory and postural function. Therefore, their strength defines both of these functions. We summarize contemporary knowledge about respiratory and postural functions of the respiratory muscles, their interactions and the connection to postural stability. We used a spirometry assesment of maximal respiratory pressures (PImax and PEmax). The values of PImax (PEmax respectively) retrieved in stance and during water immersion without stable support were compared. We found statistically significant differences. PImax was lower in the water immersion situation (p=0,0009; p≤0,05) and so was PEmax (p=0,0076; p≤0,05). Regarding the results, we suppose a significant influence of punctum fixum presence/absence on maximal respiratory muscle strength. Possible reasons are discussed.
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