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Active components of technical cannabis and their application in cosmetics
Kubáčková, Eliška ; Bokrová, Jitka (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
Hemp is unique plant with many therapeutic effects thanks to its large content of substances. This bachelor thesis brings information about characterization of main biological active substances in cannabis sativa, which are described in theoretical part of this thesis and determined in experimental part of this thesis. As a main active substance were determined antioxidants and cannabinoids for which the liquid chromatography method was optimized. This bachelor thesis also describes the antimicrobial effect of active cannabis substances for which it is used in the cosmetic industry. This antimicrobial activity has been studied in terms of the effect against dandruff, which is primarily caused by the high incidence of Malassezia yeasts on the skin of human hair. For the experimental part, the extracts of the technical hemp and more specific varieties of Bialobrzeskie and Finola were tested, which were further used for the preparation of the anti-dandruff shampoo. By analyzing the active substances in hemp extracts, the uniform result was obtained - the highest content of antioxidants and cannabinoids was reached by preparing of extract from dried hemp flowers. In the last part of the thesis, the antimicrobial effect of hemp extracts and prepared hemp shampoos was determined on selected strains of microorganisms and it was observed antimicrobial activity in extracts and shampoos againts Malassezia furfur yeast.
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Use of technical hemp in acne preparations
Žáčková, Kristýna ; Kovalčík, Adriána (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
Hemp belongs among important plants with a long industrial tradition. However, its first use was originally for healing. In medicine, it is mainly applied thanks to the content of many biologically active substances, such as cannabinoids. This thesis is concerned with the use of hemp in acne preparations. The theory focuses mainly on the characterization of hemp and its active substances. The other chapters deals with cosmetic preparations and acne itself, and Propionibacterium acnes as well, which is involved. Within the experimental part, the extracts of two hemp varieties (Finola and Bialobrzeskie) were characterized in terms of antioxidant and cannabinoid presence. The cosmetic preparations with hemp extract content were prepared including a complete cleansing set for acne skin, concurrently commercial products of this sort were purchased. In cosmetic preparations and the extracts their inhibitory effect against Propionibacterium acnes was studied as well. Also Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli and Candida glabrata were tested. The results show that dried hemp flower extracts contain the greatest amount of active substances, so they have a higher antioxidant and antimicrobial effect. The presence of individual cannabinoids differed mainly depending on the variety. All hemp extracts had effect against gram-positive bacteria, in cosmetic preparations it was lower. Nevertheless hemp antibacterial effect has been proven.
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A study of signaling and cytoprotective potential of cannabinoid GPR55 receptors in PC12 cells
Pavluch, Vojtěch ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Ostašov, Pavel (referee)
At the end of the 20th century it was known that cannabinoid drugs interact with two receptors, CB1 and CB2. Subsequent pharmacological studies have confirmed that there are other receptors interacting with cannabinoids. GPR55 is a transmembrane G protein coupled receptor, which together with the receptor GPR18 and GPR119 belong to a group of new cannabinoid receptors and is involved in the function of the endocannabinoid system. In addition to some of cannabinoid substances, it is stimulated primarily phospholipid lysofosfatidylinositolem. LPI-dependent signaling GPR55 plays an important role in the regulation of many physiological and pathological processes, such as pain, inflammation, cell proliferation, or endothelial function. It was found that LPI confers tolerance to ischemic brain damage and has a cytoprotective effect on the pyramidal cells. The aim of the study was to determine whether the application of five ligands induce phosphorylation of protein kinase ERK 1/2, Akt and activate the GTPase RhoA and whether activation of the receptor GPR55 has cytoprotective effect in model cell line PC12, in which hypoxic conditions were simulated by adding CoCl2. For working methods were used SDS-PAGE, Western bloting and colorimetric measurement. Pharmacological studies in recent years have shown...
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Cultivation of Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L. C. indica L) and the Use of Its’ Biologically Active Substances in Medicine
Kahánková, Zdeňka ; Hamouz, Karel (advisor) ; Božik, Matěj (referee)
Cannabis has been used as a medicine throughout the history. For the first time the therapeutic use of cannabis was documented in China, 4000 B.C.
The cannabis plants contain significant levels of biologically active secondary metabolites, such as cannabinoids, enzymes, glycoproteins, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, simple acids, fatty acids, steroids, terpenes, phenols, flavonoids, vitamins, pigments, etc. Attention has been focused particularly on the cannabinoid expressing the psychoactive effects tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Concentration of this substance in the plant represents the difference between therapeutic and technical cannabis; technical cannabis has 0,3 % of THC and less.
The concentration of the secondary metabolites in the different stages of the life of the plant is strongly influenced by the external factors present during the cultivation. Due to this fact it is necessary to cultivate medical cannabis indoors, under strictly controlled cultivation conditions. Respecting the standardized conditions is key in order to fulfil the limits necessary for its following use in therapy and/or research.
The discovery of the cannabinoid receptors meant a breakthrough as it allowed the scientists to explain the effect of cannabis on specific tissues. An intense research of the synthetic ligands of cannabinoid receptors has been ongoing currently. Phytocannabinoids, terpenes and other secondary metabolites of cannabis express synergistic actions, meaning they should not be examined separately, but rather be considered a complex.
It can be assumed that the cannabinoid therapy will become a golden standard, which will help reduce the symptoms of the disease and even cure the patient.
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Pěstování a využití konopí setého (Cannabis sativa L.)
Vomáčka, Vít
This Bachelor's assignment discusses growing and the use of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). The part of this assignment is devoted to taxonomical categorization of sowed hemp and its characteristics. This assignment in detail characterizes individual parts of the plant as well as the composition as a whole. It also includes a brief summary of different types of use of hemp products. The second part of this assignment describes ecological needs of growing hemp and its harvest in both, natural and man-made, environments, as well as the characteristics of its significant varieties. In the practical section, a research of the Czech market took place, which provided us with a summary of all available products made from hemp from the food industry and pharmaceutical industry perspectives. In the discussion, this assignment tries to evaluate current situation and a possible additional development regarding growing and use of hemp in the Czech Republic.
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Abuse of illegal drugs by student of University of South Bohemia
PLACHÁ, Markéta
The thesis research the frequency of illegal drugs use by student sof Univerzity of South Bohemia in the Czech Budějovice. In the theoretical part are characterized by drugs, illegal drugs and the effects of drug use on health, describes the emergence of drug addiction and its types and developmental stages of drug use. Furthermore, illegal drugs are divided into categories according to their effects and further described. The main aim of the practical part is the analysis of illegal drug use by students of the University of South Bohemia. On the basis of a questionnaire compiled data was found and it was statistically analyzed by the method, compares and conclusions were drawn. Over the past year have used an illegal drug 37.83% of respondents, that 2.91% of the respondents use illegal drugs daily. Earlier experience with illegal drugs has 18.78% of students of the University of South Bohemia. Past experience with drugs is more common in women, while use in the last year is much more common in men. The most commonly used substances are cannabinoids, as well as hallucinogens, opiates and finally stimulanci.
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Cannabidiol level in hemp (\kur{Cannabis sativa})
BOUDOVÁ, Miroslava
Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is a crop that people have grown for a lot of years ago. It is amazing by its almost versatile use, whether in medicine, food, industry and power engineering. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the content of cannabidiol in different parts of hemp and the possibility of using these parts as a source of the compound. Morphologically distinct varieties - Bialobrzeskie and Finola were selected for the experiment. The Cannabidiol content was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Hemp roots, stems, male and female inflorescences and leaves were sampled for the determination of cannabidiol level. The highest content of cannabidiol was found in hemp flowers and leaves of Cannabis sativa. Therefore, theoretically, these parts of hemp grown for fiber could be used as a potential source of cannabidiol.
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Cannabinoid level in hemp (\kur{Cannabis sativa}) and legislation
PRAVDOVÁ, Martina
These days hemp is a the most discussed plant in the whole world because of the content of compounds with psychotropic effects. Utilization of Cannabis sativa as a crop is universal (a fibre, food, oil and energy crop) and appreciated mainly from ecological point of view. This work summarizes information about cannabinoid characteristics, about their interspecific and intraspecific variability in hemp, possibilities of cannabionoid application in medicine, risks of their abuse as a drug, summarizes legislation connected with Cannabis sativa growing and also regulations defining illegal human behaviour by manipulation with hemp. The work includes also a brief botanic charakteristic of hemp, history of hemp growing, requirements of Cannabis sativa on environmental conditions, information about formation and function of cannabinoids in the hemp plant, about the cannabinoid content in hemp products and about influences that change the cannabionoid content in plants.
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