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Estimates of number of model components
Volf, Petr
The contribution deals with criteria for assessing the number of model components, namely BIC and Bayes factor. Further, the use of the Reversible jump Metropolis-Hastings algorithm is recalled. Finally, we study methods of effective search (also with the aid of simulated annealing) for the maximum of aposteriory distribution, jointly for parameters and model order.
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Decision trees
Jahoda, Miroslav ; Gregor, Petr (referee) ; Mrázová, Iveta (advisor)
Among the known methods of data mining are neural networks, ILP, associative rules, Bayes networks, clustering, decision trees and others. This thesis is about decision trees, their implementation, visualization, extraction rules and the comparison of different decision trees and models of classification data in general. An integral part of the data mining process is preprocessing of data, which plays an important role and is also discussed in this thesis. Part of this thesis also concerns the comparison of different decision tree models such as CART, CHAID, C5.0 (See5) and others on a set of 3 data kinds. Finally, this model's results are compared to its results when data preprocessed by PCA analysis is used.
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Combination Work and Family Life from Women's Perspective
PECLOVÁ, Kristýna
This diploma thesis deals with the problems of combining a family and working life from the point of view of a woman. The main objective set for the thesis was to determine whether women and mothers give precedence to working or family life and which means help them to harmonise their family and working life. Two research questions were determined for the diploma thesis. The first research question is interested in whether and how women manage to combine their working and family life and the second research question relates to the possibilities and obstacles which mothers experience whilst implementing their preferences in the field of family, work and their coordination. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis deals with the current situation in the field of work and family and attempts to coordinate them. Description is provided here of the preferences and ideas women have in the field of employment and the family and the problems of gender, above all gender stereotypes are also described here. The second chapter relates to family policy which currently exists in the Czech Republic. Mention is made here of the development of family policy and also the current situation and the system of social welfare benefits, where benefits are described in more detail. An important area in the problems of harmonisation of family and career is the standing of women on the job market. This chapter of the thesis is focused on the theory of human capital, the standing of women on the job market, working conditions for women, pregnant employees and mothers and last but not least, mention is also made here of discrimination, which may accompany women when they return to the job market after parental leave. Whilst harmonising their family and career, women very often make use of the offer of services relating to childcare for pre-schoolers. The last chapter in the diploma thesis concerns Catherine Hakim?s preference theory. The method chosen for the empirical part of the diploma thesis was enquiry using a semi-structured interview. Six questions were set in advance for the interview with mothers, these being focused on whether family or career is more important for women, which means women use when trying to coordinate their family and working life, whether their ideas relating to these problems correspond to the reality of the situation and whether mothers have encountered any form of discrimination when entering the job market or when returning to work after maternity leave. The last part of the prepared interview related to whether mothers use any services providing care for pre-schoolers and whether mothers have any sort of division of work in the family and whether this division suits them. The survey was participated in by women up to the age of 40 living in the Tábor district at the time of the survey. These women are either divorced, married or living with a boyfriend and have at least one child. Selection of women for participation in the survey took place using the snowball sampling method and the sample of women was thus taken in such a way as to ensure that it is representative. The results of the survey showed that women definitely give precedence to their family and children. All seven women asked agreed on this claim. Even if their preferences were different before the birth, and some wanted to have a professional career, they certainly do not regret it and are happy with their current life.
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Consumer loans and their impact on the debtor´s social situation
KOKEŠOVÁ, Petra
The bachelor's thesis entitled Consumer credits and their impact on the social situation of debtors investigates the causes and consequences of entering the credit contracts. Borrowing money becomes a risky phenomenon and has a very negative impact on the society. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the legal regulation of consumer credits and motivation of persons to enter them. It describes the causes leading to inappropriate indebtedness of persons, being normally not able to get a credit in view of their income. It refers to the facts stated in the business terms and conditions and practices of sellers and companies. Thanks to arrangements in the business terms and conditions which are an inseparable part of the contract and which are accepted by signing by the client, it may be agreed that a not paid claim may be ceded to a lawyer's company for collecting. In such a case, the debtor is obliged to pay also the costs of legal representation. The occurred claims are increased considerably by the court or arbitration proceedings. The people's low knowledge of this issue is confirmed also in the conclusion of bachelor's thesis. In the practical part of the research, three research questions were formulated: 1) Do the respondents use the consumer credits for the necessary subjects or services? 2) Does the company elaborates a financial plan for the borrower to estimate if he/she will be able to meet its obligation? 3) What impacts had exacting the claim on the social situation of the respondent or its family? 8 persons utilizing the services of Consulting Centre ? Equal Chances for Everybody operated by Jihočeská Růže o.s. took part in the research. The talks were performed individually and anonymously. The qualitative method of questioning and analysis of contents of documents deepening the research were applied. These documents were 315 credit contracts from a non-banking company which are handed over for collecting to a lawyer's office. The task of this thesis was to find out if the persons entering credit contracts behave maturely, if they think about the consequences of this behavior; if the inability to pay occurs only for external reasons or if these persons act rashly with the target to satisfy their momentary needs. The thesis shall research the purpose for which the households are inclined to enter credit contracts. I deepened this research also by the analysis of not paid credit contracts. By means of interviews with respondents I tried to describe the consequences of the financial burden of repayment of the claim on their life or life of their family. It was confirmed by the research that the concern are less necessary and more expensive goods. Lower share represented the credits for standard equipment of households. These goods were mostly electronics as notebooks and TV-sets. The talks with respondents confirmed also the statement that the credits are also used to pay the debts of another creditor. The respondents, who are not able to meet their obligations do not create any financial plans. This shows the low responsibility rate of these persons. Before entering the contract, they do not compare the products and do not ask about credit parameters. The research confirmed the prognosis of experts. The financial burden had a negative impact on the life of the family resulting in consideration of divorce. The respondents had negative psychological consequences manifested in the form of stress and depressions. The financial burden caused by collecting claims resulted in several cases in the inability to pay further obligations as e.g. housing. In one case, economic and cultural limitation occurred.
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Logistics support police of the Czech Republic in dealing with crisis situation
PILAŘ, Michal
Police of the Czech Republic provides for declaration of an emergency or crisis situation many activities. For the successful implementation of these activities must be appropriately trained police staff and to provide appropriate conditions for carrying out these tasks. An integral part of providing adequate conditions of police personnel and logistical support. This work provides a study of available literature and law basic picture of the logistical support of the Police in dealing with a crisis situation, which is described in the first part. Using quantitative research in the form of an anonymous survey validates the level of logistical support to the Police of the Czech Republic. The sample was composed of the officers of district police department of various regions of the Czech Republic. The sample consisted of rank and file police officers, as well as heads of district police department. A questionnaire survey during the first three questions focused on the characteristics of the sample. Another part of the questionnaire assessed, among other things, whether the respondents participated in a crisis situation, whether they are satisfied with the equipment your department, your company vehicles and their personal resources to tasks in dealing with crisis situations. Subsequently, respondents are asked whether they accomplish tasks in dealing with crisis situations and receive food and rest assured that they are by the employer in the event of damage to equipment and facilities these parts replaced and whether they changed equipment before its expiration time. The last section of the questionnaire addresses the information to carry out treatment (intervention), the possibility of connection points emergencies, providing medical services respondents and provide training with legislative changes well in advance. Based on the study of available literature in the thesis are defined in terms of crisis management, emergency, crisis situation and found there is a parallel between these concepts and the concept of logistic support. In the second part describes the methodology and hypotheses. The third part consists of the results. The final part consists of discussion, where they are analyzed achievements work. To achieve the objectives of the work in this work used methods of data collection, analysis, mathematical and graphical. When writing a thesis, I first studied the literature in logistics and logistical support and the study of the legislation, which serves as the legal basis for the logistical support of the Police of the Czech Republic in dealing with crisis situations. When choosing a topic for this bachelor thesis I stated hypothesis "Logistical support the Police of the Czech Republic is at a good level." This hypothesis was disproved in the thesis.
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The influence of reskilling to employment of job applicants in the local job market
Švarcová, Miroslava ; Krištofová, Zuzana (referee) ; Šerák, Michal (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis is concerned with reskilling issue. Preamble describes general theoretical principles which are related to unemployment and risk's groups that are mostly endangered. This essay gets point out of reskills's education in Czech Republic, describes this issue since own historical evolution and finally puts mind to present possibilities of reskilling in Most district. Integral part of the thesis is characterization of Most region which is specific with high rate of unemployment and limited work chance. Therefore the thesis is mainly focused to reskilling which is provided by labour office for jobless people. Statistical returns, used and analyzed in bachelor's thesis, comes from period 2004-2008 and are connected to reskilling which were realized by labour office of the Most City. The purpose of my analyses is comparing influence of age, education and gender for entrance to reskilling process. As well as there are results of reskilling of determined risk groups.
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Possibilities of grave and restful dying on the longterm ill department in Hospital České Budějovice Inc.
KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Eva
The work deals with the topic of palliative care and the background of such wards, as well as of the possibilities to provide such care. Dying is inseparable part of life. Peaceful and dignified dying is burdened with problems within hospitals. The principles of palliative care are difficult to apply even in wards where it can be supposed that considerable percentage of patients of such wards is indicated for such care. Such ward is also the ward of subsequent care. The theoretic part describes the significance of palliative medicine, the general view on dying, as well as stages of dying which the dying person and his or her family passes are described here. Further there is information of hospices, dying from the point of view of lay public and from the point of view of a health care worker. The research was performed in form of non-standardized interview with selected 15 nurses working in the ward of subsequent care at least 3 years and ready to hold a conversation on that topic. The research confirmed that the nurses in wards of subsequent care have knowledge of the specifics of nursing care for dying people, but they feel need to go on educating themselves further in that topic. All of them state that the problems of palliative care are very topical in this ward. Further it was found out that this ward is not technically equipped with single-bedded rooms and dignified rooms for communication with the family. All nurses think that this topic should be paid more attention.
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Determine the amount of subcutaneous fat in floorball players.
HANŠPACH, Luboš
Increased emphasis is now being placed on dynamics, speed, and coordination in players of team sports (floorball, football, ice hockey, volleyball). The body fat is one of the factors that influences the the power of the players in sports. A comparisson between 2 flooball teams will be made and body fat will be measured. The teams entail various age groups of teams of Ceske Budejovice and Liberec, namely: adults, juniors, adolescents, younger pupils, older pupils both in men and women. Later, the body fat figures will be compared among players of different age groups. Then we can compare the amount of the fat body in the floorball players from single teams. The we can analyze if the different training load has any impact on the amount of the body fat. The goal of this work is to analyze and consider the amount of body fat in floorball players together with different physical burden in different age groups and demographic conditions.
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Analysis of Financial Literacy in Czech Republic
Vu Hong, Ly ; Kolman, Marek (advisor) ; Rajl, Jiří (referee)
The subject of this diploma thesis is financial literacy in Czech Republic. The main interest is the government concept explaining National Strategy on financial education and Financial Education System for elementary schools and high schools. The thesis also deals with consumer protection as it is integral part of financial literacy. Activities of Supranational organizations like European Union and Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development are presented enhancing their impact on steps taken by Czech government. Eventually analysis of own measuring financial literacy is performed bringing evaluated and compared results. Based on those recommendation are proposed.
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Nonparametric tests in statistical software
Skolil, Lukáš ; Blatná, Dagmar (advisor) ; Nenadál, Karel (referee)
Cílem této diplomové práce je praktické i teoretické seznámení uživatelů neparametrických metod s několika vybranými statistickými programy, v nichž je možné neparametrické analýzy provádět. Nedílnou součástí cíle je i porovnání těchto programů. V teoretické části jsou stručně popsány základy testování statistických hypotéz a teorie neparametrických testů. V praktické části jsou prozkoumány programy NCSS 2007, Statistica 7, SPSS 15, Systat 12, Stagraphics Centurion XV, Minitab 15, S-Plus 6.2, SAS 9.1 a StatXact 7. U každého software jsou popsány neparametrické testy, které obsahuje, a zjednodušeně i vkládání dat a výstupy. Nakonec jsou vybrané programy porovnány z několika hledisek. Všechny vybrané programy obsahují značné množství neparametrických testů a liší se většinou jen v detailech. Pro většinu analýz není potřeba hledat speciální programy a dají se použít všechny vybrané, pouze pro porovnávání rozptylů je nutné použít buď SAS nebo StatXact, protože v jiných programech ve výběru tyto testy nenalezneme.
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