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Analysis of sleep EEG signal
Ježek, Martin ; Kozumplík, Jiří (referee) ; Rozman, Jiří (advisor)
Cílem této práce byl vývoj programu pro automatickou detekci arousalu v signálu spánkového EEG s použitím metod časově-frekvenční analýzy. Předmětem studie bylo 13 celonočních polysomnografických nahrávek (čtyři svody EEG, EMG, EKG a EOG), tj. celkově více než 100 hodin záznamu. Jednalo se o část dat z dřívějších výzkumných prací expertní lékařky v problematice spánku Dr. Emilie Sforzy, Ženeva, Švýcarsko, která rovněž poskytla základní hodnocení těchto dat. V záznamech bylo celkem označeno 1551 arousal událostí. Pro usnadnění výběru konkrétní metody časově-frekvenční analýzy byla následně vytvořena sada nástrojů pro vizualizaci jednotlivých signálů a jejich různých časově-frekvenčních vyjádření. S ohledem na závěry vizuální analýzy, charakter signálu EEG a efektivitu výpočetních metod byla pro analýzu vybrána waveletová transformace s mateřskou vlnkou Daubechies řádu 6. Jednotlivé svody EEG byly dekomponovány do šesti frekvenčních pásem. Z takto odvozených signálů a signálu EMG byly následně stanoveny ukazatele možné přítomnosti události arousalu. Tyto ukazatele byly dále váhovány lineárním klasifikátorem, jehož hodnoty vah byly optimalizovány pomocí genetického algoritmu. Na základě hodnoty lineárního klasifikátoru bylo rozhodnuto o přítomnosti události arousalu v daném svodě EEG – arousal byl detekován, jestliže hodnota klasifikátoru překročila danou mez na dobu více než 3 a méně než 30 vteřin. V celém záznamu pak byl arousal označen, byl-li detekován alespoň v jednom ze svodů EEG. Následně byly odvozeny míry senzitivity a selektivity detekce, jež byly rovněž základem pro stanovení fitness funkce genetického algoritmu. Pro učení genetického algoritmu byly vybrány první čtyři záznamy. Na základě takto optimalizovaných vah vznikl program pro automatickou detekci, který na celém souboru 13 záznamů dosáhl ve srovnání s expertním hodnocením míry senzitivity 76,09%, selektivity 53,26% a specificity 97,66%.
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Tiredness during studying and its overcoming (with a focus on the educational process in high school)
Trefná, Gabriela ; Pavera, Libor (advisor) ; Krpálková Krelová, Katarína (referee)
This diploma thesis addresses the issue of tiredness. I analyze tiredness from the point of view as the problem that may occur during the teaching process. The theoretical part is focused on the explanation of the concept of psychohygiene, from its historical development to the modern concept, i.e. mental health, tiredness, types of tiredness, its stages and determinants, the specification of the period of adolescence, the influence of environment on the individual. The part of the research addresses the root causes of student´s tiredness. It focuses on the subjective feeling of the perceptions of tiredness with regard to the day of the week, time, the environment of the high school, the influence of natural stimulants.
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Multidisciplinary collaboration and the role nurse in the care of patients with sleep apnea syndrome
MATĚJKOVÁ, Naděžda
Sleep belongs to basic human needs and it is not only its length but also its quality that matters. Sleep disorders cause a lot of illnesses and therefore it is important to examine them and to treat them What are the most common symptoms of the ill state? somnolence, i. e. sleepiness during the day, disturbed or interrupted night sleep, or its lack. All these symptoms are necessary to be focused on. Sleep disorders are classified according to the International Classification of Sleep disorders ICSD 3 of 2014. This work deals with the problem theoretically. The first aim of this work was clarifying basic concepts of the problem - the syndrome called sleep apnoea. The next one was focusing on the multidisciplinary approach to the patients with this syndrome, so typical and very important. The main focus is upon the sleep apnoea syndrome, the patients suffering from it and multidisciplinary collaboration during their treatment. The main focus is upon the sleep apnoea syndrome, the patients suffering from it and multidisciplinary collaboration during their treatment. After having studied both Czech and foreign sources thouroughly, the general task of this work became summarising all the results of the research in one study . One part of this work is devoted to the detailed medical examination of sleep and its disorders. It describes polygraphic and polysomnographic tests, the procedure of the testing, the interpretation of the results, also the methods of the treatment with positive airway pressure during the sleep currently considered to be the most effective method of treatment of the adult and child patients. Next part of the work which focuses on multidisciplinary approach to the patients suffering from sleep apnoea describes surgical possibilities of the treatment within otolaryngology and methods of treatment within pulmanology. The last part of the work concentrates on the work of the nurse. It deals with the competences and further education of the nurses working for sleep laboratories. Prominent medical journals have become the key sources of information and the latest knowledge of sleep medicine.
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Influence of Deep Stabilization System of the Spine for snoring and sleep apnea syndrome
KOKOŠKOVÁ, Lucie
The Bachelor's thesis questions matter of possibility to decrease apnoic pause or reduce snoring exposures via activation of Deep Stabilization System of the Spine. Findings about sleep, it's particular periods and processes in it, are written in theoretical section. The next topics outlined are snoring issues and sleep apnoe syndrome including available medical options and diagnostical methods. Deep stabilization system, his important structures and ways how to influence it are furthermore described in the text. Three subjects affected by different level of the problem were chosen and resesearched through qualitative method for practical purpose of the thask. Each subject underwent anamneses determination and kinesiology analysis. The procedure was made with usage of polysomnographical apparatus borrowed from Budweis Laboratory of Sleep. To compare results, objects were measured before and after therapy. The final evaluation is inscribed in the practical part of the Bachelor's thesis. Despite performed therapy and Deep Stabilization System of the Spine activation, there were no improvements with the snoring and sleep apnoe syndrome, therefore the thesis has no use in further studying or treatment options. Examined problem has more deeper and complex bases than muscle neck unbalance.
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Hygiene habits of children of primary school age
GLÜCKSELIGOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis examines the health habits of the primary school children at smallclass schools. It deals with the problem to which extent children follow the principles of a healthy lifestyle in everyday life, especially in the area of physical activity, sleep, organization of daily routine and extent of mental strain. The theoretical part summarizes knowledge of the characteristics of younger school age period and its development in the physical, mental and social context. Other chapters focus on the hygiene habits, mental hygiene, sleep and its disorders. Attention is also paid to the nophysical activity, nutrition, and their relationship to health. The research part presents the current results of the survey, to which there were used: A standardized questionnaire Řehulka (1987), Timetable of the day (Mužík, Bártová, 2010) and registration of physical activity with using a pedometer. This is a qualitative and quantitative research, which 78 children from four selected smallclass schools have been subjected to. The results show that there were not alarming deficiencies in fulfilling the above aspects of a healthy lifestyle.
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Hygiene habits of children of primary school age
DUNOVSKÁ, Klára
This thesis focuses on the physical and mental hygiene habits of younger school children. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with physical activity, effects of hypokinesia and mental hygiene specificity of this age group in the context of physical and psychosocial. The research evaluates the results of data from pedometers and the results of the survey, to which were used questionnaires "Time Picture of the Day"(Mužík, Bártová, 2010) and a questionnaire of daily regimen (Řehulka, 1987). This is a quantitative research. There were processed 104 questionnaires that were filled by children from 4th and 5th grades at selected elementary schools in Strakonice. The results show the differences in the amount of physical activity on school and weekend days, total amount of physical activity is satisfactory and further show the connection between a length of sleep and fatigability during the day.
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The influence of co-sleeping on future anxiety of children
VÍTKOVÁ, Martina
This bachelor´s theses discusses the social aspect of falling asleep and sleaping druring the early child developement and their influence on the future anxiety of a child. It is focused maily on the phenomena of co-sleeping, basic anxiety, basic trust and on their mutual interaction influencing a developement of a person. The theoretical part offers an essential knowlidge about the mentioned phenomenas. Furthemore, it is to be found there the description of several international studies available. The empiric section was focused on the exploration of practising co-sleeping and its influence on many areas such as the developement of a trait anxiety during the childhod, a basic trust, a secure base, the feelig of an alienation and an insecure attachemet. The total lenght of a practised co-sleeping was also considered according to the theoretical knowledge which defines the ideal co-sleeping time from 0 to 2 years of a baby. The sample (n=101) included the pairs of a primary caregiver and a child, the age of children in the sample was specified from 9 to 12 years (9 and 12 included). For a data collection the translated version of SCARED questionnaire, the czech version of IPPA questionnaire and a custom initial questionnaire were used. The mathematical and statistical analyses was performed via Statistika 10 program, both of the parametric and a non-parametric testing were used (t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson´s correlation coeficient, Spearman´s rho). There were 4 hypoteses defined at the beggining. Anyway, none of them could be validated due to the statistic results. The causes and limits of this conclusion are finally summarized in the discussion.
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Gastrointestinal diseace of senior people in relation to lifestyle
TICHÁ, Anděla
Main thought of this work is research of digestive apparatus of senior people in relation to (healthy) lifestyle. In introduction I explain basic terms connected with nutrition, health, illness and prevention. In the next chapter I put attention to identify health condition and signals that human body gives when it not getting all that it needs. The content part of this work is focused on determinants that influence our health. I put attention to complex point of view. Reader will get information what is the optimal drinking regime, what macronutrition and micronutrition body needs, what it the categorization of those and what food we can get those from. I go to detail in needs of movement, rest, sleep and mental hygiene. This material generalizes actual needs of healthy lifestyle that can be used as help, to build and to strengthen in long term right habits for health and vitality.
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Analysis of the positive aspects of the lifestyles of students of the University of South Bohemia.
ŠVÁBOVÁ, Marie
It is currently very hot topic lifestyles, especially healthy lifestyle. Therefore, it is the thesis deals with just this topic by analyzing the positive aspects of lifestyle for JU students in the Czech Budejovice. The work is divided into theoretical and empirical part. In the theoretical part I deal with various positive aspects of lifestyle (physical activity, nutrition, relaxation and regeneration). In the empirical part, the main objective was to compare the results with the results of other studies, dealing with a similar problem. For kvantitivní research method I used questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to 500 respondentkám, return was 73.8%. I set three hypotheses: H1: The students who have a positive attitude to physical activities, attend at least 3 times a week physical activity. H2: The students who know the principles of a healthy diet, regularly eating breakfast daily. H3: Students who sleep every day for more than 8 hours after waking are enough sleep. Based on Pearson's chi-square test, I examined the relationship between the issues of the hypotheses. Then I describe these results and graphed using graphs. The main objective of the empirical part was fulfilled.
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Chronotype personality and its effect on the body weight in adolescents during the calendar age
GREGOR, Lukáš
This dissertation focuses on monitoring a one year body weight change among adolescent males (15 20 years old) depending on their chronological type. Probands filled in a questionnaire and were divided in two groups ("early birds" and "night owls). Night owls get up later and are more active in the afternoon and in the evening. By contrast, early birds get up earlier and their activity during the afternoon and evening is gradually fading. Theoretical part clarifies key words of study. Practical part explains methods, procedures and aims but mainly results and practical recommendations of the whole dissertation.
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