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The comparison of dietary and regime habits of diabetics and nondiabetics
Kotková, Karolína ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Pelcl, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is concerned with dietary and regime habits of the type 2 diabetics and non-diabetics. Diabetes mellitus is a serious illness with rising prevalence. The thesis is focused on the type 2 diabetics. Dietary and regime measures are an indispensable part of the medical treatment of this illness. The theoretical part of the thesis is dedicated to DM2, diet therapy and regime measures during DM2 and rational nutrition regarding non-diabetics. An objective of the thesis is to compare the frequency of consumption of particular groups of food and distribution of meals throughout the day between type 2 diabetic patients and non-diabetics. Regarding the group of diabetics, the thesis is also researching the relation between the length of diagnosis of diabetes and dietary habits. Data obtained are from the study FANTOM which has taken place on III. Internal clinic of the 1st Faculty of Medicine at Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague. A quantitative method in the form of a questionnaire was used to obtain the data. The results of the research regarding diabetics have shown lower consumption of unhealthy food but also lower consumption of vegetable when compared to non-diabetics. The results evaluating the relation between the length of diagnosis of diabetes and...
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Comparison of dietary system in the hospital with a recommendation for a healthy population
VEČEŘOVÁ, Vendula
The bachelor thesis named "Comparison of dietary system in the hospital with a recommendation for a healthy population" concerns about fulfilling the guideline daily amounts of nutrients in hospital. That implies accepting appropriate food in ideal ratio. This is important for correct operation of every living organism. A problem with such a food intake can occur when an organism is weakened by illness. This bachelor thesis studies the availability of all nutrients and appropriate food in hospital diet. Importance is put on the correct ratio of nutrients in the nurture and other nutritional recommendations. In the thesis there is also investigated if healthy population has some overview of the nutritional recommendations and if they follow them. The first theoretical section of the thesis describes dietetic system, particular hospital diets, nutritional recommendations and also healthy population is mentioned here. At the hospital diets I fastened on diets number 3 and 9, which are racional diet and diabetic diet. Those were selected for the practical part of this thesis. The analysis took place in two hospitals and other part among regular people. The goal of the thesis was to map a situation of the dietetic system in hospitals and to find out if the system follows nutritional recommendations. More concretely, it included diet number 3 and 9. Testing set contained weekly racional and diabetic diets which were calculated in a program called "Nutriservisprofesional" and the results of the investigation were processed in Microsoft Excel. Second part of the testing used questionnaires which have been given to 50 respondents and it contained 25 questions, 4 of them being open. It was supposed to find out eating habits and approach to the eating of regular people. The results were processed to graphs in Microsoft Excel. From the results eventuated difference between both of the hospitals, particularly by fiber, vitamin C and fat content. It is related to having fruit and vegetable in the diet, where hospitals did not match as well. One result found out high amounts of fats and lower amount of fiber than the recommended amount. Results of investigating regular people showed lower amount of vegetable and milk products than recommended. The most notable was very low amount of fish and pulses. On the other hand it was confirmed that most of the people drink enough and eat enough food.
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Diabetes mellitus in the population of seniors in residential institutions
Stellarová, Apolena ; Novák, František (advisor) ; Vařeka, Tomáš (referee)
The issue of nutrition is not an easy issue, and is even more demanding with respect to persons for whom it is necessary to take into account the Sénia. Moreover, if this period of life accompanies diabetes mellitus, significantly increasing the importance of nutrition. Diabetes mellitus is a disease that is now a very hot topic, because the figures showing the incidence of diabetes continues to rise and diabetes is becoming a disease of civilization. Bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part, which includes knowledge about diabetes mellitus and its treatment, but also deals with aspects of aging and life in residential facilities. In the practical part of me is contained examined the results. The target detection method was used quantitative survey. The questionnaire is designed to affect the possible disparity in attitudes of both groups of respondents. The process has been used quite satisfactory 110 completed questionnaires. The questionnaire contained questions about diet, diabetes mellitus, awareness of seniors, but also the drinking regime and physical activity. It was also used for target detection protocol, which included questions about diet, staffing and implementation of education in each of the 11 residential facilities. The survey was directed so as to achieve...
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A type 2 diabetes nutrition - recommendation and reality
MÍČKOVÁ, Veronika
The given bachelor thesis elaborates on the issue of type 2 diabetes and the approach of the patients, suitability of their education about the recommended diet and formation of potential risks as a result of this disease. Two main objectives were set for this study. The first objective consisted of a survey on education of the patients about the recommended diet and health risks if they fail its observance. The second objective analysed the survey which was conducted in order to reveal factual eating habits of these patients. The first and purely theoretical part. The second part focuses on qualitative research which was conducted by using a semi-structured interview as a data collection method. The focus group consisted of six respondents - two men and four women. The gathered facts reveal that the education and knowledge instructed by the doctor is more or less satisfactory. Four respondents out of six indicated to be satisfied with their doctor. Only one respondent was utterly unsatisfied and one assessment provided by a female respondent was considered as biased considering her old age and a long course of the illness. Her negative approach towards the doctor´s education was not taken into account either, due to the fact that the given patient must have changed several doctors during her lifetime. The results also demonstrate that the majority of respondents observe a recommended diabetes diet, eating at least five or six meals a day. According to their answers, most of them eat vegetables, lean meat and whole-grain bread and drink water, tea, or coffee. Five respondents out of six prioritise the recommended food preparation techniques, such as steaming, stir-frying and stewing. They all agree on types of food they try to avoid in majority sweets. Then the conducted survey points out situations during which the given diet is not observed. However, these situations are exceptional, so they should not be regarded as a non-observance of the diet provided that the answers given are truthful. Furthermore, the respondents observe, or try to observe, the diet recommendations, as evidenced by their regular doctor´s appointment and steady glycaemic index. Finally, the given research included two questions which were supposed to highlight the possibilities of the respondents depending on their place of residence. The first question should indicate the variation in size of the place and number of inhabitants. It was proved that the size did not have a remarkable influence on the diabetes education. The second question focused on assortment and price of diabetes food products. The bigger the agglomeration is, the cheaper and wider assortment of these products can be found. The final assessment based on interviews and results obtained was more or less positive and in comparison to other publications specifying the same recommended diet reached similar conclusions.
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Eating Habits of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
KRÁLOVÁ, Kateřina
The topic of my bachelor work is Eating Habits of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. The Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness, which is for its high incidence in the population regarded as disease of civilization. There are approximately 15 000 000 people with diabetes type 1. according to the International Diabetes Federation, which is little over 7 % of the total number of diabetics. The aim of the bachelor work is to describe, through the research, eating habits found at patient type 1 diabetes and to map the reasons that lead to noncompliance of diabetic diet set by physician. So to answer the research questions: "What are the eating habits type 1 diabetic?" and "What are the reasons for patient to not follow recommended diet?" The research part is elaborated in the form of qualitative research using semi-structured interview. Total of seven diabetic patient in the age range from twenty-three to fifty years, provided the interview. The data were obtained from patients who were treated at diabetes physician MD Lenka Dohnalová in the diabetes clinic at a hospital in České Budějovice. Interviewing these patients was not purposely carried out in the presence of nurses or diabetologist in order to prevent degradation of the answers of interviewed persons. As result, the respondents were not afraid to tell the truth and the information obtained was as objective as possible. Patients were helpful and willing to give interviews. Respondents did not mention their names so the entire interview is anonymous. Everyone agreed to provide an interview and also agreed on being recorded. Two research questions were set and answered on the basis of anonymous interviews. Research Question No. 1: 1st What are the eating habits of type 1 diabetes patients? It is obvious that patients with diabetes were told that they should keep track of the number of carbohydrates eaten in the food. Six respondents use replaceable units to achieve it, 12 grams of carbohydrate equals 1 replaceable unit. One respondent does not recalculate the carbohydrates in the food on replaceable units, but is familiar with using the grams of carbohydrates. I was surprised by the answer on the special diet, a product formerly known as "dia," I did not expect that it consumes only one respondent. Beyond my original expectations is also surprising fact that neither of the respondents check the glycemic index in their food. Research Question No. 2: 2nd What are the reasons not to comply the recommended diet? It is obvious that patients try to comply the regime. None of the respondents currently have a problem with self-monitoring, application of insulin or consumption of food and beverages at school or at work. One respondent stated that she had these problems at work, and she is now on a disability pension. The results of the research are useful for health professionals who take care of diabetic patients. Intended use of the work in practice: Issuing this in diabetes clinics should support and enhance awareness of patients with diabetes about their disease.
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Possibilities of observanceof recommendet sodium intake in accordance with nutrition recommendation for adults with type 2 diabetes
DRDOVÁ, Martina
Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the most common acquired metabolic disorder which can be characterised by the relative lack of insulin leading to the insufficient use of glucose in the organism. The general diagnostic disorder is the imbalance between secretion and effect of insulin in the glucose metabolism. Every year the registered number of people suffering from diabetes in the Czech Republic increases by 55,000. Nowadays, every fourth adult suffers from hypertension or high blood pressure. Hypertension with regard to the people with diabetes occurs twice as often as in case of healthy people. The biggest problem whitch is the main cause of high blood pressure is formed by unhealthy life style with the lack of physical activity leading to obesity, salty and fatty foods, excessive consumption of alcoholic drinks and smoking. The work is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes the characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus, its treatment and education of people with diabetes. The second part deals with the issue of sodium and hypertension in connection with diabetes. The practical part is based on qualitative research. For collecting the appropriate data, the diets, interviews and observation are used. 13 patients in the age of 48 to 69 years, 6 women and 7 men, participated in the research. Two main objectives are set in this thesis. The first one determines whether the people with type 2 diabetes observe the rules of the specific diet. The second one detects received amount of sodium in food with regard to the people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and whether this amount complies with the recommended daily amount. Two research questions are thus posed: How the patients with type 2 diabetes follow the diet? What is the amount of received sodium in the food of the people with type 2 diabetes? What is the influence of received sodium on health of these people? What is the importance of education for the people with type 2 diabetes? Both objectives were accomplished and all questions were answered. The increased reception of sodium was detected in the majority of patients. On the other hand, mineral substances found in their blood were within the standarts. However, blood preasure reading measured in eight people with diabetes increased the amount of 140/90. All the patients try to follow the diabetic diet, with exceptions, such as Christmas or Sunday visits. The education of these people with regard to diabetes can be evaluated as partially successful because weight-loss was recorded in case of nine patients, however there were no radical changes in their diets.
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Informedness about lifestyle of patients with diagnosis Diabetes mellitus
BEČKOVÁ, Věra
This thesis aims to depict the contemporary situation in diabetes patients{\crq} awareness of healthy life style and to determine whether the information on healthy life style is reasonably accessible and comprehensible to patients or not and whether they abide by the rules. I set four assumptions for this thesis: 1. The diabetes mellitus patients feel that the information on healthy life style within the frame of their illness is sufficient and accessible. 2. One third of the informants feels that the information on healthy life style in terms of their disease is not accessible. 3. One third of the informants has difficulties with apprehension of the information on healthy life style in terms of their illness. 4. More than half of the informants abides by the information on healthy life style in terms of their illness. The selected group of informants consisted of diabetes mellitus patients. The data were extracted from anonymous questionnaire intended for the patients of two diabetology clinics in Znojmo regardless their age, sex or diabetes type. 150 questionnaires were distributed. The finite number of questionnaires used for data compilation after elimination of erroneously or incompletely filled items was 118. The results of the research revealed that most of the patients feel sufficiently informed and that the information on healthy life style is reasonably accessible. Nevertheless only 22,9% of informants abide by the information on healthy style, the rest of the informants is not able to manage all the rules they should be conformant with or cannot change their life styles in accordance with the advices of professionals. I would like to emphasize the importance of information on healthy life style in the frame of diabetes mellitus that can help the patients to prevent the unfavourable complications of this disease and therefore improve the quality of their lives. Nevertheless also the patient must feel the consciousness and need to abide the rules of healthy life style. That is why I consider the distributing information on healthy life style of diabetics very important and hope that my thesis will also serve this purpose.
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Impact of diet and adequate physical activity on the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
MATĚJKOVÁ, Miroslava
The aim of this work was to document the impact of proper nutrition on the course of type II diabetes mellitus. In the theoretical part of the thesis the individual types of diabetes and their treatment are described. Then the definition of healthy nutrition (dieting) and its effects on diseased patient follows. The subsequent theoretical part concerns about how healthy physical activity can aid diabetics. In addition the psychological aspects of the disease are mentioned. Research part of thesis is based on the description of the case report of a patient with type II diabetes. The author projected a dietary bill of fare and also a plan for physical activity. This work contains a complete characteristic of the patient including family, personal and nutritious history, medicaments and report of the cooperation with this patient. At the end of the work a detailed dietary and exercise plan, which was used by the author for this patients is enclosed.
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