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Czech resistance and Alois Eliáš
Vopat, Martin ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses mainly on general Eliáš. The goal of this thesis is to explain the relationship of Alois Eliáš with the czech resistance during 1939-1942. The thesis analyses the resistance activities of Alois Eliáš and their hidden and public manifestations. The existence of Schmoranz's group and other important facts is resolved in this connection. Different forms of Czech collaboration are analysed as well, with special sight on Czech journalists. One part of this thesis deals with the economical benefits of Protectorate economy for the German economics.
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FRANTIŠEK MACHNÍK - The life of Agrarian politician and minister of the national defence
KOPECKÝ, Lukáš
Submitted diploma thesis brings the life fates of František Machník, last political minister of the national defence of the first Czechoslovak republic. He was one of the political symbols of the army in 30´s as the representative of the Agrarian party. He soon found that the possible new army conflict among nations could be very real. The whole European effort of keeping Versailles´ peace system was absolutely desperate. Machník became propagator of the nation´s military ability, he popularized the army in the public view and he inspired thousands of people for her. He gave her technic and institutional laws. He was interested in the financial support of the building of the border´s fortification. This diploma work tries as first to map Machník´s life from the very beginnings over his studies, teacher´s and school director´s career and MP activities. It looks on his early enter to the Agrarian party and his work for Agrarian academics. The three - years ministerial career emphasizes two important moments - the law of the national defence and Machník´s decree. WWII brought him first suffering - the Gestapo investigation and then he was sentenced to death and this was changed to life imprisonment. The author of this work is also interested in Machník´s postwar investigation and trial by the National Court in the year 1947. It was followed with the communistic trial in 1952 and 5 years imprisonment. The end of the thesis concentrates on the sad Machník´s retirement after the amnesty in 1953.
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Aryanization in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia on example on Kolin´s region
Dudáš, Filip ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Kozmanová, Irena (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the process of aryanization in the time of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and it emphasizes Kolin's region. The thesis is dividend into two parts. The first theoretical one covers the mechanism of aryanization, it describes by whom it was executed, who was the proffitent and which part of the process banks participated. The second analytical part deals with the region of Kolín, where the Nazi administrative apparat is characterised by the means of archive sources (State District Archive in Plzeň, Security Services Archive in Prague, The National Archive in Prague). Activity of Oberlandrat Eckholdt and his influence on local aryanizatioin is described in this thesis. Afterwards a case study on factual subject (Velim's factory for sweats), which was effected by aryanization, was created. Except for unpublished sources, the thesis uses actual literature mostly by Czech provenience.
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Persecution of Jews in our Territory in the Years 1935 - 1942
ČERNÁ, Tereza
My dissertation focuses on the problem of the persecution of Jews in the years 1935-1942. This issue is being described in relation to the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, as it is infamous for its Nuremberg race laws of 15 September 1935. By these laws Jewish inhabitans were marginalized, disinherited and expropriated and so new ground was broken for the Nazi to so called "final solution of the jewish issue". My dissertation tries to describe particular protectorate laws and statutory rules, which affected jewish lifes in such fatal way during this period. One of the important elements of my thesis is also an overview of the most vital sources of anti-Semitism throughout history. This overview culminates by the treatise on the theory of races, which represent the cornerstone of the Nazi ideology. The last chapter treats of emigration as the only possibility to escape from the Nazi terror and save one´s bare life.
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Bohumil Snizek´s combat mission. From the Protectorate and back to the Czechoslovakia (5th May 1942 - 20th May 1945)
HOLENKA, Zdeněk
In my thesis I deal with the personality and life of Bohumil Snížek. He was one of those who did not reconcile themselves to the fascist Germany occupation of Czechoslovakia. Bohumil Snížek decided to take part actively in the restoration of his motherland. The circumstances compelled him to undertake a long journey through all Europe whose final destination was Great Britain. After a dramatic stay in Switzerland at Dr. Kopecky´s place and imprisonment in the concentration camp Miranda de Ebro he really managed to achieve his final destination via Gibraltar. It took him nearly one and half years. He joined there the newly being born Czechoslovak Foreign Army. He went to the Czechoslovak brigade which was trained for the fight with the enemy from its very establishment. Yet, the Czechoslovak brigade was not provided with the possibility of at least a little intervention in fighting for the liberation of Europe. Bohumil Snížek was detached to Europe by the end of the September 1944 together with the 2nd Armoured Regiment Czechoslovak Brigade. It was the time of the siege of a French port Dunkerque which was considered the battlefield of the second rank by the Czech soldiers. There was an attack on 28th October 1944 planned for the anniversary of the establishment of Czechoslovakia which became the greatest success of the Czech Army in combat. Bohumil Snížek also took part in this battle and was awarded the Czechoslovak Military Cross for his personal bravery. The Czechoslovaks would not mind that they did not manifest themselves in combat after this great success anymore but what they did mind was to connive helplessly at the events happening in Prag in May 1945. Along with the others, Bohumil Snížek came to the liberated Czechoslovakia in the middle of May 1945. His postwar destiny was quite similar to the destiny of the rest of "those from the West". The regime condemned him "only" to be rolled over by the waters of oblivion. Essentially, only his withdrawal from the Army and departure for the West borderland might have rescued him from even severer sanctions. Bohumil Snížek died of the sequel of injuries from Dunkerque in Aš 1959.
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Czech aryanisation and anti–semitism in thirties
Fabianová, Petra ; Rataj, Jan (advisor) ; Háka, Antonín (referee)
The bachelor thesis on the topic of Czech aryanisation and anti--semitism in thirties is describing, on the background of historical events, displays of hate against Jews in a period of liberal first republic and authoritarian second republic. The first chapter of this thesis follows activities of anti-semites and individual Jewish streams during the first republic. One part of this chapter is composed of author's analysis about a periodical named Vlajka, which was being published by a fascist organisation. In the second chapter, there are described fascist actions against Jews during the second republic and also anti-semitic exposures of the party Národní jednota. Besides, the chapter is also dealing with anti-semitic legislation. The last, third chapter is engaged in the problems of Czech aryanisation and tries to explain its rising illusion. The end of this chapter is also dealing with a historical period of Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, to explain the process of expropriation of Jewish properties in Czech lands. So the purpose of this bachelor thesis is to define how the Anti -- Semitism was expressed during thirties in Czech lands.
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Reinhard Heydrich and Final Solution of the Czech Question
Vrabcová, Klára ; Rataj, Jan (advisor) ; Martínek, Miloslav (referee)
The person of Reinhard Heydrich was one of those fateful to the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The first chapter of this paper attempts to prove that Heydrich's impact on the "Czech Question" is much greater than the eight months he spent in office as Deputy Reich Protector. It analyses different approaches to the solution of the Czech Question in Nazi plans and particularly, towards the end of the chapter, Heydrich's tendency towards one of these plans -- the memorandum of Secretary of State K. H. Frank. This memorandum anticipated two things: the temporary preservation of the Protectorate, the assimilation of people of suitable race and disposition and the expatriation of people of unsatisfactory race and of those opposing German rule. This thesis also attempts to prove that although Reinhard Heydrich planned the solution of Czech Question as a long-term process, the fulfilment of which could be considered only after a succesful war, he started the first steps already during the war. Great attention is given not only to his racial survey of the population, but also to his policy concerning Protectorate youth, who were meant to be caught up and reeducated within the Curatorium for the Education of Youth in Bohemia and Moravia. To ensure calm and economic health throughout the Protectorate, he applied his carrot-and-stick policy on the population. The occupation policy required a combination of short-term and long-term goals and application of the former to ensure the consequent accomplishment of the latter. The final chapter lays bare the reaction of the Czechoslovak foreign resistance to the situation in the Protectorate -- the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich. This act was supposed to empower the Czech underground movement and improve the status of the exiled government among Allies. Even though this operation of the foreign resistance caused a torrent of arrests and executions within the Protectorate, its foremost effect was to draw the attention of the world and the Media and to excite Allied recognition for the Czech domestic resistance.
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The Economy of Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in Obzor národohospodářský (1939-1941)
Kučerová, Hana ; Doležalová, Antonie (advisor) ; Minárik, Pavol (referee)
Significant changes occurred in economic realm by declaration of Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia on March 16, 1939, and its integration into German economic sphere. The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyze the response of then society, primarily professional public (economists, lawyers, and politicians), and its appraisal and reception of the situation. The investigation is conducted on the basis of selected articles published in magazine 'Obzor národohospodářský' (Economic horizon) from 1938, 1939, 1940 and 1941, when the publishing was interrupted. The thesis should contribute to a depiction of protectoral economy in the subjective perception of the authors of the magazine.
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Banking system of The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Mihoková, Zuzana ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee)
The dissertation deals with economic situation of The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia with a view to banking system. The first chapter is dedicated to the brief characteristic of the era of the Second Czechoslovak Republic to explain the situation when Germany affects progress on our territory. The second chapter is concentrated to succeeding era -- occupying of Czech countries, origin of The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and integration to big German economy system. The next chapter is heart of the dissertation. It is about organisation of bank system in The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and it's detention to German economy, about activities of central bank and commercial banks and monetary policy, about Germany interest in Czech bank's shares in industrial companies and in central bank's gold reserve and about origin of customs union. The part of dissertation is also dedicated to exile government in London and it's task in preparations of monetary system reform.
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Válečná ekonomika Německa v letech 1939-1945 a zapojení českých zemí do německého velkoprostorového hospodářství
Landa, Václav ; Ševčík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
Diplomová práce se zabývá problematikou nacionálního socialismu s důrazem na analýzu německého válečného hospodářství během druhé světové války. Práce analyzuje kořeny vzestupu nacionálně socialistického hnutí v meziválečném Německu, Hitlerovu politiku po nástupu do kancléřského křesla zaměřenou především na přípravy Německa na chystanou válku o nové dělení světa a hospodářskou, sociální, vojenskou a politickou situaci v Třetí říši během druhé světové války. Velký prostor je vyhrazen významnému faktoru v rámci německé válečné ekonomiky ? nuceným pracím. Poslední kapitola se věnuje důležité součásti německého velkoprostorového hospodářství ? českým zemím, respektive Protektorátu Čechy a Morava. Cílem práce je analyzovat a vysvětlit fenomén nacionální socialismu, zejména jeho ekonomiku během druhé světové války, stejně jako fungování hospodářství Protektorátu Čechy a Morava v rámci německé velkoprostorové ekonomiky.
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