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Coordination Incentives in Cross-Border Macroprudential Regulation
Derviz, Alexis ; Seidler, Jakub
When national financial sector regulators need to mutually harmonize macroprudential policy decisions, imperfections of cross-border information exchange may undermine fair cooperation. Attempts to overcome the effects of informational distortions by delegating macroprudential policy to a supranational body are also likely to entail welfare losses due to informational inefficiencies. We study the tradeoff between macroprudential policy autonomy and centralization by means of a signaling game of imperfect information played by two national regulators. The model concentrates on informational frictions in an environment with otherwise fully aligned preferences. We show that even in the absence of evident conflicting goals, the non-transferable nature of some regulatory information creates misreporting incentives. Reporting accuracy is a part of a broader problem of strategic advantage-seeking by the national regulators. Therefore, crossborder coordination mechanisms, centralized or not, that limit strategic behavior are preferable to those allowing its full deployment. The results are applicable to systemic risk management by international organizations, including the relevant EU institutions.
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Social and ethical aspects of the approach to schizophrenia clients
ROČOVSKÁ, Silvie
This thesis deals with the social and ethical aspects of the approach to clients suffering from schizophrenia. The theoretical part presents schizophrenia as a mental disorder that seriously affects our perception of reality and in which changes in personality occur. As a result, problems arise in everyday life, such as establishing close relationships, employment, housing, education or meaningful leisure time activities. These social problems threaten human with social exclusion. The practical part looks into client satisfaction with treatment in medical facilities, the clients´ main problems and offers solutions to such problems by the mediation of follow-up services. The ethical part deals with ethical dilemmas connected with the approach to clients where the common denominator is a thin line between promoting human autonomy and its limitations caused by the treatment of disease.
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Efforts for autonomy in Zakarpattia Oblast of Ukraine after dissolution of Soviet Union
Tomčíková, Nelly ; Lupták, Milan (advisor) ; Lisa, Aleš (referee)
Zakarpattia Oblast of today's Ukraine has been a part of Hungarian Kingdom, Czechoslovakia, Soviet Ukraine and then, after collapse of Soviet Union, Ukraine. The main goal of this thesis is to deal with the efforts of Rusins to gain the autonomy since 1848, the economic and social potential to become the autonomous part of Ukraine today and to deal with the question whether Rusins could be considered as the nation or not. Due to isolation of this peripheral part of the state by Carpathian Mountains, Zakarpattia has always been the center of autonomic tendences. According to M. Hroch term "nation" should have its objective (by which he meant language, history, culture etc.) and subjective traits (to realize themselves as a part of the nation). There is rusin language, history and culture, but the national consciousness of beeing Rusin is still missing.
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The Medical Ethics Of Terminal Care
KYLBERGEROVÁ, Radka
The main subject of this thesis is a reflection issue of the terminal care ethics. The structure of the thesis consists of four thematic units. The first part is the introduction to the concept of medical ethics: the description of the subject, the historical development and its principles. The second block of the thesis focuses on the biggest existential event of human life ? death, and the human approach to death and dying. The search for the meaning of life and for the meaning of suffering be
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Euthanasia from the point of view of staff nursing
LENKOVÁ, Gabriela
The title of the thesis is Euthanasia from the Point of View of Nursing Staff. The work is divided into the theoretical and practical part.The objective of the thesis is to map nursing staff?s views of euthanasia. I set two research questions. 1. Do the nurses at selected wards tend to the opinion that euthanasia should or should not be legalized? 2. What circumstances lead to their opinion? I applied qualitative research, the method of questioning and the technique of a semi-structured interview. The research group consisted of nine nurses from selected wards of the Hospital of České Budějovice Inc. On the basis of the analysis answers to the research questions were set. Answer No. 1 - Nursing staff tend to the opinion that euthanasia should be legalized in the Czech Republic. Answer No. 2 - The opinion of nursing staff is influenced by these factors ? the length of practice, education, treating terminally ill people, their personal interest in the issue of euthanasia, knowledge of basic concepts, attitude towards free choice of a human to have right to decide on his/her death and situation in Czech Health, palliative care above all, that is not sufficiently developed and not available to all
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Ethics in work with clients deprived of legal capacity
ŠOCHMANOVÁ, Magdalena
The issues related to persons with disabilities are in the continued interests of the society because it is on this relationship that the cultural standard of the society can be observed. Services that are provided to these people should reflect the current state of scientific knowledge in the areas of neurology, psychology, sociology and other related scientific disciplines. The theoretical section of the thesis dealt with the issues of legislation, ethics, communication and autonomy. The research was conducted in the Home for People with Disabilities in Osek. The strategy of qualitative research through case studies was used for data collection, the methods used were questioning, the technique of interviews, participant observation and the analysis of professional literature. The objective of the thesis was to map ethical problems in these areas. In the research, one main research question was formulated and four partial research questions were formulated to answer the main question. Based on the answers to the main research question, a hypothesis was formulated that could become the basis for subsequent quantitative research. The results of the thesis can be used to improve the quality of services provided in the studied facility and they will also serve the wider public to spread the awareness of this issue.
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Respect for the wishes of the patient's pre-out - the ethical context
PLVANOVÁ, Veronika
This diploma paper ``Respecting Patient{\crq}s Needs Expressed in Advance{\crqq} is divided into a part containing theoretical ground and a practical part. The theoretical part outlines the basic principles of ethics and then moves towards patients{\crq} needs and wishes, their rights, and the issue of wishes expressed in advance. The domain of wishes expressed in advance is based on the principle of patient{\crq}s autonomy and it is laid down in the Convention on Human Rights and in biomedicine. The situation in the Czech Republic is made difficult by the fact that this domain has not been governed by laws and it does not have any tradition in the Czech environment. The practical part utilizes the method of qualitative research {--} a semi-controlled interview. First, I created short casuistries for selected patients and, afterwards, I spoke to them about individual topics. I had selected 11 questions that guided the interviews. My group of respondents consisted of patients hospitalized at oncology departments or leaving for outpatient chemotherapy in Nemocnice Jihlava (a hospital in Jihlava). I interviewed ten patients. The objective was to find out about the patients{\crq} informedness about their rights and about their options of expressing wishes during hospitalization. It was also intended to learn about the things the patients would like to decide upon and whom they would like to authorize to make decisions on their behalf should they become unable to express their wishes themselves. The research questions and the division of the general questions into three areas helped to the reach individual objectives. The first area comprised patients{\crq} rights most of the respondents were aware of. The most important ones included: telling the truth about their disease and treatment, the option to select and terminate their treatment, familiarity with medical staff. Another section dealt with wishes. Most of the patients hoped that a right approach of medical staff will reveal the patients{\crq} wishes without the necessity of expressing them. None of the selected respondents has ever thought about the issue of wishes expressed in advance. The final block contained questions dealing with the options of choosing a person representing patients in decision making. The patients frequently chose their family members (partners, children). In practice, the knowledge obtained through the research could be used for publication in specialized literature and to prepare instructional materials for patients as well as medical staff.
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The Psychological - the ethical aspects of the placement in the home for the elderly
SOBOTKOVÁ, Lucie
The work deals with the psychological - the ethical aspects of the placement in the home for the elderly. It focuses on issues of aging and old age, including changes in physical, psychological and social sphere. It offers an overview of the evolution of the system of care for the elderly to the present form of social services under Act No. 108/2006 Coll. on social services. It deals with basic principles in the provision of social services: partnership, autonomy, respect for client dignity, individual approach. It also provides information on the individual planning of the social services. It deals with select models of senior activation and finally focuses on the theme guiding the senior end of his way of life.
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Care about Seniors in Light of Social Work and Ethics
JAUKEROVÁ, Irena
The first chapter examines the relationship of the society to the seniors, perception surrounding seniors, negative and positive views of the seniors in the history, then ageism. The second chapter refers to the dependence and vulnerability as the dimension of human existence. For that reason, here is paid attention to the care of seniors, with a more detailed focus on the seniors with dementia and the senior's dying. There aren't also omitted the care of social workers and therefore is a notice of the burn-out syndrome. In the last chapter is given positive influence of autonomy and dignified approach on the success life of the seniors. Furthermore, the importance of ethical standards contained in codes of ethics and ethical theories for the correct decision and behaviour of a social worker.
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Španělská ekonomika a postavení Španělska v Evropské unii
Hrušková, Martina ; Jeníček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Borgstrom, A. (referee)
Hlavním cílem této práce je charakterizovat současný stav španělské ekonomiky se zaměřením na stručný historický vývoj makroekonomických ukazatelů a na možné směry budoucího vývoje španělského hospodářství. Práce je zaměřena také na srovnání ekonomické úrovně jednotlivých autonomií Španělska. Dalším cílem je zhodnotit postavení země v Evropské unii, srovnat výkon španělské ekonomiky s ostatními zeměmi Evropského společenství a shrnout důsledky, které s s sebou přinesla integrace země do EU.
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