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Development of dry grassland communities during recultivation of limestone quarries
Turek, Pavel ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kladivová, Anna (referee)
My bachelor thesis is about methods of reclamation and rejuvenation of limestone limestone quarry, that are a very interesting location from an ecological point of view. I briefly pointed out the positives and negatives of individual used methods, such as reclamation, that aims to restore the vegetation cover quickly, but is very expensive and species that appear on the reclaimed locations aren't nearly as rare, as those on locations that are left to natural succession. Natural succession has the best results if the location is in close vicinity to a source of seeds. Reclaimed areas show a significantly lower biodiversity and hinder protection of rare and key species as opposed to natural succession. To avoid this, in some cases we can use smaller interventions instead of reclamation, and these interventions should be done as delicately as possible with the principles of natural succession in mind. I've noted important factors such as the microclimate, the soil conditions and the source of seeds, that can affect the succession and the legislation and waste law, that influence to a certain degree how the rejuvenation of disrupted sites proceeds.
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Case Study reclamation of the quarry Silvestr in the Sokolov, or the path from the quarry to golf
Barteková, Petra ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Říha, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of public participation in deciding activities of reclamation. I chose former quarry Silvester near Dolni Rychnov as my research area. This area was transformed into eighteen-holes golf grounds and wood grounds with sport and relax stuff during reclamation work. This thesis consist of theoretical, methodological and empirical section. Theoretical section introduce basic concept of recultivation, law regulating recultivation, conservation, restoration ecology as scientic field and last but not least Sokolov region as region with long tradition of recultivation. The Methodological part describes methods of practical research, which is essential part of this thesis. The Empirical section introduce results of my research. Key words: reclamation, opencast coal-mining, restauration ekology, nature conservation, reclamation project, expert interview, questionnaire
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The influence of mining activities on the landscape surrounding the town Příbram
Fišerová, Šárka ; Bartoš, Michael (advisor) ; Řehounková, Klára (referee)
This diploma thesis attends to the landscape character, the methodics of the evaluation of landscape character and the influence of mining on the landscape character. Příbram, influenced by uranium mining during last century, was chosen as a model area. The aim of this thesis is a comparison of chosen methodics of the evaluation of landscape character in the term of mining district and a creation of new methodics specialized for model area. The thesis focus on the landscape character and restoration ecology in mining areas in theoretical part. There is a description of landscape character protection and preservation, also in terms of law, reclamations and uranium mining. Below, the four chosen methodics are mentioned. In practical part, the diploma thesis characterizes the model area, its history and also current situation including reclamation made. Then there are a comparison of chosen methodics of landscape character evaluation according to elected criteria and a project of methodics for to a evaluation of chosen area. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Various methods of soil transfer and inoculation in restoration ecology
Hurychová, Hana ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Alena (referee)
Soil translocation is a method used in restoration ecology to either salvage habitats threatened by human activity or to restore disturbed habitats. There are various factors affecting the success rate of translocation operations which include the proper selection of a receptor site, method of soil manipulation, soil stockpiling and adequate aftercare. Different methods of soil stripping distinct in their success rates and application for use in habitat restoration, mainly in regards to their effect on the resultant community composition and financial costs. Translocations can result in decrease of biodiversity, but may be a viable option for locations of high conservation value where conservation in situ is not possible, allowing for quick restoration of mature ecosystems. Thorough surveys prior to and after the operation and sufficient allocation of resources are a key factor for successful translocation of soils and the associated biota. Additional research in the fields of invasions, comparison of methods and data analysis of translocation projects may improve the utilization of this technique in the future.
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Diversity of traits of aculeatan hymonopterans in habitats with finely-grained substrate
Wofková, Gabriela ; Tropek, Robert (advisor) ; Šlancarová, Jana (referee)
Natural habitats of aculeate hymenopterans are rapidly decreasing and strictly specialized species are thus going to be endangered or extinct. However, in the last decades the conservation potential of postindustrial sites has been found. There were many endangered and nationally extinct species recorded along with the drift sand specialists. However, one unclear thing remains - on postindustrial sites there were still no recordings of species that have similar biological traits to the species that are colonizing these sites. The main target of my thesis was to find traits which make it possible for the insects to colonize postindustrial sites. A matrix of 79 traits was made to describe aculeate hymenopterans biotope preferences, phenology, morphology, biogeographical area, nest, food and life history strategies. With these traits I describe 351 species systematically collected on twenty-one localities with finely - grained substrate found in Polabi and South Bohemia. These traits were tested with weighted mean abundances on type of substrate (artificial vs. sandy) with GEE analysis and the type of locality (dumping ground of coal combustion, ore and sand sludge vs. sandpits vs. natural sand) with PCoA analysis. A phylogenetic correction was incorporated in both analyzes. My results show that on...
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More effective approaches of brown coal post-mining restoration
Christov, Ivan ; Hendrychová, Markéta (advisor) ; Walmsley, Alena (referee)
The thesis is focused on evaluation of landscape restoration procedures. The land was heavily devastated by large-scale quarrying. Here are compared reclamation procedures used in the Czech Republic and abroad. Study area is the North Bohemian brown coal basin, which formed areas valuable for many endangered species of flora and fauna after the mining has ended. Surface coal mining method causes the extinction of villages, roads, railways, land and greenery. Our task now is to minimalize these effects as much as possible. To create a new landscape, with an emphasis on the environment. Reclamation helps us to do that.
Monitored location is Střimická dump, where the representation of non-productive habitat was evaluated and there was proposed new, more efficient version of reclamation. Mapping has found that the current state of the dump is 5,2 % representation of non-productive habitat. The proposed variant represents the addition of new elements and thus increase the proportion to 23,5 %, which corresponds with the current trend of post-mining landscape recovery.
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The effect of different management strategies on the dynamics of saproxylic insect habitats
ŠEBEK, Pavel
The thesis concerns studies on habitats utilized by insects associated with deadwood. It presents a review of current issues in the conservation of saproxylic biodiversity. The effects of active intervention on temperate lowland woodland habitats, such as pollarding or coppicing, are evaluated in terms of their suitability for saproxylic communities and other groups. Further, the importance of open-grown trees for saproxylic diversity is assessed.
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Mapping of non-productive habitats in reclaimed post-mining landscape in Most and Chabařovice area
Ledvina, Vilém ; Hendrychová, Markéta (advisor) ; Martin, Martin (referee)
The objective of thesis is to identify and map a non-productive habitats on areas after coal mining. The first part describes the reasons and ways of reclamation in areas after surface mining. Current knowledge and requirements for landscape protection during reclamation are presented in a literature review, and it shows the importance of these habitats. The monitored location are mines, dumps and areas affected by mining in the area of the Most and Chabařovice in the Ústecký Region in Czech Republic. Mapping has been done using the orthophoto map and field survey. Based on information from mapping the current status and composition of non-productive habitats on the monitored locations have been evaluated. The results are presented in the summary tables for each type of reclamation in monitored location.
Following percentage representation of non-productive habitats in four locations has been found: location A (2.39%); location B (12.64%); location C (6.27%); location D (4.78%). The results show that the representation of these habitats is on low level compare to recommended representation resulting from current knowledge about nature conservation.
Based on the results of the mapping measures have been proposed for optimal percentage representation of these habitats. The main measures include the building of landscape vegetation on large fields and increasing area of forest arising spontaneously in forestry reclamations. It is also appropriate to create non-productive forest habitats in large forest areas with absence of treeless or small forest meadow. The map outputs and thesis findings can serve as data for the protection of nature and landscape in the monitored location. Work can also serve as information source about the issue of reclamation and priorities to protect the environment during their realization.
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