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Economic Aspects of Ensuring Safety and Fire Protection
Krejčí, Jan ; Pánková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Aulová, Renata (referee)
This bachelor thesis discusses and deals with economic aspects of work´s safety and fire protection in workspaces and common areas. The thesis itself contains a literary review summary of all obligations of legal entities and individuals doing business in the field of occupational safety and health and fire protection based on the statute book. As part of this own work there are analysis of costs for ensuring all obligations to provide safety and fire prevention at the ice rink stadium, the Kindergarten and Elementary school buildings in Roudnice nad Labem. The results were compared and according to them was created a costing draft structure.
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Rights and duties of citizens in their own healthcare
NEDOROSTOVÁ, Soňa
The present thesis deals with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) at work in manufacturing plants where there are harmful factors that may have an adverse effect on human health. In the employer-employee relationship, both parties have their respectable rights and duties in the extent that is primarily made by legislation the purpose of which is to eliminate as far as possible the damage to the health of workers at work. A very important factor in this problem is a personal approach to each of the interested parties, which, however, could not be comprised by any legislation. For that reason I decided to pay attention to this subject and to find out how far and how profoundly employees understand this issue. The thesis consists of theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part is conceived in the form of an hourglass: the roof is based on the international legal anchor of health protection at work, it narrows down to the EU legislation, and further on the legislation of the Czech Republic. The risks and risk factors of working conditions are listed, as well as preventive and protective measures, then in more detail, I have dealt mostly with the manner of protection of specific body parts and organs. In conclusion, I inquire more into the consequences of damage to health at work. In the practical part I introduce this objective: to examine general knowledge of the risks associated with damage to health as a result of performance at work. A partial objective was to determine the extent to which workers, during the work performance and when they are exposed to harmful factors leading to possible damage to health, use PPE to protect their health. Next, I set three hypotheses that I evaluated statistically. The first hypothesis assumed that at present time, people of working age prefer better work performance to the protection of their own health. The results have established that this is not true. The second hypothesis assumed that working people are not aware of all the risks associated with damage to health as a result of the performance of the work. This hypothesis was confirmed. The third hypothesis assumed that most of the workers, the work of whom requires the use of PPE, actually use them to protect their health. This statement was confirmed. To obtain the necessary data, I used an anonymous questionnaire, composed of simple closed questions, aiming, in cooperation with employers, to a specific target group of respondents, i.e. those with risk factors at work. The collected data was statistically evaluated. The results of the investigation showed that workers do not generally understand the risks associated with damage to health as a result of their performance at work; nevertheless the rate of use of PPE is generally high. The results of my work could possibly serve as a base for adjustments or changes in the concept of training concerning health and safety at work.
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Awareness of workers about ill effects of chemicals and measures to protect the health during handling with dangerous chemicals
PICHLOVÁ, Irena
This thesis concerns knowledge of staffers about harmful impacts of chemicals and their mixtures, actions leading to protection of occupational health and safety during manipulations with chemicals and their mixtures. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. Theoretical part is divided into several chapters and is worked out by secondary analysis of data. There is included general description of working system, relationship of work and health, risk analysis and work categorization. The main chapter are chemicals, where are included impacts of chemicals for human organism, general toxicology and legislation with respect to chemicals and their mixtures, particularly regulations of European parliament and Authority /ES/ Nr. 1272/2008. Enclosed are also hygienic limits, samplings and methods of setting for chemicals and biological exposition tests, categorization of work according to chemicals. Conclusion of theoretical thesis contains measures for protection of health and preventive working-medical check-up. In the practical part of thesis was used quantitative research. For collection of information was used questionnaire. Total number of questionnaires were 170, 130 were delivered back completed correctly, it means that return ability is 76%. This document was anonymous and contained 17 questions, it was printed given to employees of two big companies located in Tabor and surroundings, to chemical company Silon, and to engineering company KOVOSVIT MAS. Obtained data were processed by basic statistic methods and are presented in charts and graphs. The purpose of thesis was to map employees familiarity with about harmful effects of chemicals and actions leading to keeping health during working with dangerous chemicals and to find out the level of keeping employees informed about rules which should the company work out and respect along with Authority of protection of public health according to §44, subsection 7 law Nr. 258/2000. In the research were stated two hypotheses: First Employees are informed about harmful chemicals and measures for health during working with dangerous chemicals. This hypothesis was confirmed, employees proved that they mostly remember being informed about harmful impacts for their health of chemicals and mixtures and about categorization of chemicals, and they work with. Second hypothesis: Principles of safe dealing with dangerous chemicals are accepted by employees. This was also confirmed. According to obtained information and evaluated data should be this thesis a source for management of both companies in the area of handling chemicals. The employers can take necessary measures to increase knowledge of employees. It can be also useful to public and students for getting more information about the topic.
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Identification and elimination of the risk that can endanger nurses during their professional performance
CHARVÁTOVÁ, Lenka
Theoretical background Employment in the health service brings about a number of risks that are specific of respective health facilities and their departments. Nurses should be informed about all possible risks resulting from their nursing practice, as well as about ways to eliminate these risks because this is the only way they can protect themselves and by suitable means and procedures. Performing their work, nurses are exposed to four main areas of risk factors. These concern especially the effects of mental and physical strain, chemicals and biological factors. Objective of my thesis The objective was to test nurses' knowledge of risks and to test how well they can eliminate these risks. Apart from that, the thesis endeavours to find out whether the risks in nurses' work change in relation to the field of care provided. Hypotheses H1 Nurses know the risks resulting from their nursing practice. H2 Risks in nurses' work vary in relation to the field of care. H3 The most common risk occurring in nurses' occupation is the puncture wound caused by a needle. H 4 Nurses are acquainted with manners to eliminate risks resulting from the performance of their occupation. Methodology To test nurses' knowledge, I compiled a questionnaire focused on surveying the knowledge in the field of risks and elimination of these risks. The questionnaire was arranged in two basic groups. The first group was focused on the knowledge of risks and occurring injury in the performance of the occupation (the puncture wound by a needle). The other group was focused on the area of eliminating the risks. The research was carried out in medical facilities in the Region of South Bohemia. Altogether, 417 nurses were addressed. The following sections were chosen in a haphazard fashion: pulmonary, surgical, internal and a neurological departments, department of subsequent care and the intensive care unit. All the results obtained were statistically processed in the Excel programme from the Microsoft Office software packet. I used a graphic depiction to interpret the outcomes. Outcomes It was found out in the first area of the outcomes that nurses are acquainted with the risks of their occupation (knowledge of risk behaviour, when handling loads, when working with chemicals, when handling oxygen cylinders, treating an aggressive client). The second area of the outcomes was essential for establishing the ways to eliminate risks (the nurses proved knowledge of risks and duties, the duty to participate in creating a safe environment , compulsory preventive medical examinations, knowledge of risk behaviour, using personal protective equipment, observing the work principles and procedures, knowledge of treating contaminated laundry, oxygen cylinders and immobile clients, disinfection of hands, treating an aggressive client). The third area yielded an answer to the question whether puncture wounds caused by needles ranked among the most frequent risks in the occupation of the nurse. The last area was essential to establish the variability of risks depending on the field of care provided. It was found out, that risks varied in relation to the field of care provided, while the nurses viewed the mental and physical strain as the most significant risk in the performance of their work. H1 - Nurses know the risks resulting from their nursing practice - was confirmed, H2 - Risks in nurses' work vary in relation to the field of care provided - was confirmed, H3 - The most common risk occurring in nurses' occupation is the puncture wound by a needle - was confirmed, H4 - Nurses know ways to eliminate risks resulting from the performance of their occupation - was confirmed. Conclusion The outcomes of the research realized will be given to the managements of the above medical facilities, with the aim of increasing the nurses' knowledge of possible risks occurring in the performance of their work, as well as possible ways of eliminating these risks.
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Use of protective equipment at selected sites to protect the airway and hearing
VAŇKÁTOVÁ, Denisa
Bachelor?s thesis is divided into two parts, a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part of this thesis covers; problems in the field of providing protective tools, employers responsibilities connected with providing these tools, knowledge about kinds and choices of filtration and isolation aids for airway protection and knowledge about aids for ear protection. The theoretical part is processed by a secondary analysis of technical literature, legal rules, technical articles and website resources. Quantitative research is used in the practical part of this thesis. Questioning is a chosen method and a questionnaire is a method for collecting data. The questionnaire was completed anonymously and was created only for the purpose of this thesis. At first, a pre-printed questionnaire was handed over for completion to employees of chosen companies via safe technicians. Employees had 7 days to complete the questionnaire. It consisted of 15 closed questions. The respondent could choose from two to three suggested answers and one answer where the respondent could answer by his or her own words. The criterion for the choice of companies for this research was a requirement that employees at workplaces had to use personal protective tools. Two companies were chosen of which one runs a foundry and the second deals with the production of building components. Both companies want to be presented anonymously. Workplaces of both companies indicate the risk of noise for our ears and chemical polutant nad dust in the air for our airways. The data are processed by means of computer programmes; Microsoft Office Word and Microsoft Office Excel. Statistical tables and graphical illustration are used to evaluate the data. The results are interpreted in absolute numbers and percents. The aim of the thesis is to create an overview of protective tools used for the protection of airways and ears within chosen worplaces, and to find out the convenience of used tools due to their efficiency which was set by a producer. Furthermore, the aim is also to find out whether protective tools are used during work, whether employees keep regular maintenance of protective tools and finally whether the breaks at work are observed. Four hypotheses are given: Hypothesis no. 1: Employees in an observed group, who have to use personal protective working tools, use the right types of tools. The hypothesis no. 1 was confirmed after evaluation of used protective tools considering recorded levels of noise, dust and chemical substances at workplace and with taking professional structure and answers of the respondents into consideration. Hypothesis no. 2: Employees in an observed group, who have to use personal protective working tools, really use these tools . The hypothesis no. 2 was also confirmed on the basis of the answers of employees. Hypothesis no. 3: Employees in an observed group, who have to use personal protective working tools, carry out regular maintenance and change of these tools. According to all the respondents in the survey , 67 % of respondents do not make change of tools which protect their ears until the tool is damaged. Furhermore, 57 % of employees do not make change of tools which protect their airways until it is damaged. The hypothesis no. 3 was disproved Hypothesis no. 4: Employees in an observed group,who have to use personal protective working tools, observe safety breaks at work. In the company B the safety breaks were not established. That is the reason why it was not possible to confirm or disprove the hypothesis no. 4. The results of this survey will be handed over to the employers of certain companies. On the basis of data gained in the survey ,the heads of the companies have materials which they can use for change in scope and content of course trainings considering personal protective working tools and safety breaks.
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Standardization of work and working conditions regarding to safety in selected company
KOČEROVÁ, Dana
The aim of this work is not only to be familiar with the history and current legislation relating to health and safety at work, but mainly with the application of legal standards in the specific conditions of the selected company with a focus on selected workplace. Occupational health and safety of workers in the performance of work tasks is one of the fundamental duty of every employer. This obligation arises mainly from the Labour Code, which imposes a number of duties and rights not only on the employers but also on the employees and trade unions. The main pillar of occupational health and safety at work is the searching and evaluation of risks at work - prevetion of risks at work. An integral part of this problem is the categorization of work, safety of technical equipments, personal protective equipment, work hygiene, occupational medicine. Equally important is the area of fire protection and ecology.
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Zajištění BOZP ve společnosti Léčebné lázně Mariánské Lázně, a. s.
Kancaová, Naďa ; Pincová, Eva (advisor)
Teoreticko-metodologická část: Zajištění potřebných legislativních předpisů; Aplikační část: Charakteristika lázeňské společnosti, povinnosti zaměstnavatelů, práva a povinnosti zaměstnanců, analýza úrazovosti, podmínky na pracovní prostředí, podmínky pro používání vyhrazených technických zařízení, zajištění BOZP v jednotlivých provozech společnosti, školení zaměstnanců v otázkách BOZP; Závěr: Doporučení pro management. Klíčová slova: Bezpečnost a ochrana zdraví při práci; pracovní úraz; osobní ochranné pracovní prostředky; zákoník práce; vyhrazená technická zařízení; kategorizace práce; inspekce práce; školení v otázkách BOZP; odborná způsobilost; bezpečnostní značky
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