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Fitness preparation of youngerboys in tennis
Pivcová, Petra ; Kočíb, Tomáš (advisor) ; Carboch, Jan (referee)
Title: Fitness preparation of younger boys in tenis Objectives: The aim of this work is to assess fitness preparation of young tenis players in years 11 - 14 and than find out their level of motor assumptions. Methods: In this work I used a method of testing, observation, interwiev with a trainer and comparative analysis. Results: I found out that players who regularly train fitness training significantly improved compared to those who don't have fitness training in their training mode. Keywords: endurance, speed, coordination, agility, strength, agility, mobility
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Study of electric and photoelectric effects in organic semiconductors
Chomutová, Radka ; Toušek, Jiří (advisor) ; Pfleger, Jiří (referee)
This work studies various electrical properties of polymer layers of polyaniline, polythiophenes and poly(((benzothiadiazol)4,7-di(thien-2-yl)-5,6-difluoro-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol). Goal of this work is to determine electrical and photoelectrical properties as are electric conductivity, mobility of the free charge carriers, work function of the electrons and diffusion length of excitons. Conductivity was obtained through current and voltage contacts, mobility was measured by CELIV method (charge extraction by linearly increasing voltage). To determine work function a Kelvin probe was built and utilized. Diffusion length of excitons was determined from photovoltage spectrum formed by illuminating space charge region of the polymer.Space charge region on surface of the polymer can arise spontaneously or by laying suitable contact electrode. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Fitness training in basketball
Martínková, Anna ; Velenský, Michael (advisor) ; Kaprálek, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Fitness training in basketball Objectives: The main aim of this thesis is to summarize and organize the knowledge about fitness training of basketball players and furthermore to classify the development of individual fitness abilities within the yearly training cycle. Methods: This work is done in the form of a literature review using the method of relevant literature sources analysis. Results: This thesis deals with aspects of fitness preparation, where basketball players focus themselves on the development of speed-force abilities, which are decisive for the performance of players. A chapter concerning the need for individualization of trainings is included for the scope of increasing fitness effectiveness preparation. To prevent injury, there is an important part about warming up and regeneration of basketball players. Keywords: fitness training, basketball, power, speed, endurance, coordination, flexibity
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Influence of a complex stretching exercise of lower limb on postural stability
Maier, Ludvík ; Žáková, Lenka (advisor) ; Vomáčková, Helena (referee)
Title: Influence of a complex stretching exercise of lower limb on postural stability Objectives:: The main objective of this diploma these is to find out, using dynamic computerized posturography, whether the increased mobility of the lower limbs has a positive influence on postural stability. Another partial objective is to determine efficiency of the practised stretching exercises. Methods: This is a pilot study where in research participated five probands whose measurement results were evaluated qualitatively. The aged of probands at the time of the first measurement was from 13 to 18 years. All probands are male volleyball league players and during the last two years occurred to a marked grow by all of them. Given their tall stature, it was expected a decrease in the mobility of the lower limbs and muscle shortening. To the data acquisition was used clinical examination of active range of motion and shortened muscle testing according to Janda. Postural stability was measured using computerized dynamic posturography SMART EquiTest System from Neurocom. Measured data were processed using the program NeuroCom Balance Manager software. In the Framework of study were conducted two intrumental measurements in the range of two months. After the first measurement all probands were instructed how to...
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Diagnostics of semiconductors properties
Šeliga, Ladislav ; Rozsívalová, Zdenka (referee) ; Frk, Martin (advisor)
This thesis describes the basic properties of semiconductor materials and methods of their measuring. In the first part of this work are discussed elemental semiconductors, semiconductor compounds and the band structure. The next section describes current conduction in semiconductors, methods for measuring resistivity. This work is focused on the measuring drift mobility of minority charge carriers using the Haynes-Shockley method for a sample of silicon semiconductor, the creation of automated workplace in the development environment VEE Pro and resistivity measurements of silicon samples.
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Úloha osmotických a iontových činidel ve fyziologii rybích spermií
BONDARENKO, Olga
The present study focused on clarification of the roles of environmental osmolality and ion composition in the initiation of spermatozoa motility in different freshwater fish species. Additionally, the role of osmotic and ionic agents in sturgeon spermatozoa maturation was investigated. A first aim of the present study focused on studies of osmotic regulation of spermatozoa volume alterations in different fish species. This led to the discovery that spermatozoa swelling are species-specific: fish sperm with ionic mode of motility activation (sturgeon, trout) has no capacity for swelling, In contrast to carp sperm (osmotic mode of activation) for which volume correlates with environmental osmolality. A second aim was to apply the capacity for swelling in carp spermatozoa to improve the cryopreservation procedure relative to post-thaw sperm quality. Post-thaw motility parameters and ability to fertilize eggs were measured and compared with non-treated sperm. As a result, higher post-thaw motility rate, spermatozoa velocity, and fertilization rate were observed in sperm pretreated with hypotonic solutions compared to non-treated sperm. Thus, our results demonstrate for the first time, that spermatozoa ability for hypotonic changes could be used for improvement of cryopreservation procedure. A third aim of this study was the investigation of the role of environmental osmolality and ion composition in fish sperm motility. Sturgeons and salmonids sperm was activated in media of differing ionic and osmotic composition. Even though environmental Ca2+ concentration is not crucial in conditions of Na+ presence, a minimal intracellular free Ca2+ concentration should be present in sturgeon spermatozoa for initiation of motility. Alteration of osmolality does not seem to play a major regulatory role in trout spermatozoa activation. Alteration of sperm sensitivity to Ca2+ was detected during spawning, according to seasonality. Low motility rate was detected in brook trout spermatozoa at the end of the spawning period. However, a Ca2+ concentration increase up to 10 mM in activating media led to activate motility in at least 85% of the spermatozoa, which suggests a decrease of sperm sensitivity to Ca2+ at the end of the spawning season. The fourth aim was the study of the role of osmotic and ionic agents in sterlet spermatozoa maturation. Our results demonstrate that sturgeon testicular spermatozoa lack capability for motility activation and fertilization. During spawning, sperm is released from testis, pass through the kidney where it is mixed with urine, into the Wolffian duct. We demonstrated for the first time, that testicular sperm incubation with urine controls in vivo maturation, but can be performed in vitro as well (Chapter 6). We detected that sperm maturation does not occur under conditions of Ca2+ deficiency, suggesting that Ca2+ plays an essential role in this process (Chapter 7). During this maturation process, we observed a gradual decrease of spermatozoa sensitivity to environmental Ca2+. We found that testicular spermatozoa motility could be activated only when the Ca2+ concentration is high. Thus, we hypothesize that maturation process might be controlled by Ca2+ influx into the cell with subsequent loading of some Ca2+ stores. To our knowledge, these results provide, for the first time, evidence for the presence of Ca2+ stores in sturgeon spermatozoa. As a conclusion, the results of this study shed light on osmotic and ionic regulation of sperm motility in different fish species. The involvement of specific ions together with osmotic shock in fish spermatozoa maturation and aging were clarified. These findings broaden the possibilities of in vitro sperm manipulation in fisheries practice such as the use of sturgeon testicular spermatozoa, improvement of poor quality sperm in salmonids at the end of spawning season, and increase of carp sperm cryoresistance.
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Occurrence of mercury in the soil around upper stream Ohře
MILLER, Zbyněk
The aim of this study was to summarize information about the behavior of mercury in soils, particularly the assessment of its mobility and bioavailability, and to verify the extent of contamination of alluvial soils under the reservoir Skalka. This research was aimed to evaluate the contamination of mercury floodplain soils with mercury belong the upper river Ohře near the town of Chvoječná, near 230th river kilometer. River sediments of the upper river Ohře and the surrounding alluvial soils in floodplains contain high mercury levels. The site has been sampled for mercury analysis of soil samples taken from farmed areas, which are expected enrichment of mercury deposits of the inserted river Ohře. There were two main types of land-use, permanent grassland and arable land. The observed results can be concluded that the river floodplain sediments enrich the soil with mercury. Analytical method (atomic absorption spectrometry, CV-AAS) showed that almost all surface soil samples from the flooded area exceeds the maximum allowed value (for light soils 0.6 mg.kg-1 and other land 0.8 mg.kg-1 ) that are designated for agricultural land. Indicative of mercury was determined by mobility, which was up to 2.18%. Levels of organic forms of mercury were also measured in the soils that reached the area of grassland 2 maximum 0.147 mg.kg-1; the subsidiary surface S1 had the relative distribution of organic mercury 10.98% at a depth of 101-140 cm.
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