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Analysis of Occurrence of Imported Infectious Diseases in the Region of South Bohemia over the Last Five Years
MYSLÍK, Ladislav
Imported diseases are infections that have been acquired during a travel or a stay abroad. Such infectious diseases may include cosmopolitan and potential re-introduction illnesses and tropical and re-emerging illnesses. The movement of populations affects the distribution and spread of communicable diseases globally. Today?s mobility and unnatural interaction of different races or otherwise geographically defined populations facilitate the emergence of contagious diseases in humans, animals or, even in plants. Some pathogens can be imported into a new area by travellers or immigrants in the absence of illness signs or symptoms. Many geographical barriers have now been breached by mobility and migration. The theoretical section of this thesis is mainly aimed to provide a description of the most common imported diseases according to their current epidemiological trends. Travel-related risks, risk groups of travellers and migration characteristics are also mentioned. In addition, it deals with domestic and international inbound and outbound tourism and includes a forecast of international tourism development towards 2030. The conclusion of the theoretical section aims to describe epidemiology of imported diseases and to provide an insight into systems of monitoring and surveillance of travel-related infections, such as GeoSentinel Surveillance Network, EuroTravNet, TropNet and the Czech Nationwide Epidat information system. The objective of this diploma thesis of the empirical section is to carry out an analysis of occurrence of imported infectious diseases in the Region of South Bohemia over the last five years. Data and information recorded into Epidat database from 2007 to 2011 shapes the target group. Methods of research are mainly based on descriptive statistics that describe most of collected data quantitatively. Moreover, seven hypotheses were designed that were tested via results using regression analysis, Pearson's chi-squared test and Student's t-test. A total of 190 cases from 46 world-wide destinations were imported between 2007 and 2011. Of those, 166 were imported by residents; 24 cases were brought in by foreigners. The most frequent countries of acquisition were European destinations (49%; n = 92), Asia (33%; n = 63) and Africa (16%; n = 31). Gastro-intestinal (GI) diseases accounted for 68.4% of illnesses, followed by blood-borne and vector-borne infections. GI conditions included campylobacteriosis (n = 38), salmonellosis (n = 33) and shigellosis (n = 30). Amongst blood-borne diseases, hepatitis B accounted for 21 cases (mainly in Vietnamese). Amongst vector-borne illnesses, 6 cases of malaria and 1 case of dengue were identified. Hypothesis H1 (further described only as H2, etcetera) "There is an association between numbers of travellers and occurrence of imported infectious diseases" was rejected. H2 "There is a different incidence rate among countries of acquisition" could not be confirmed because of the lack of the denominator data (numbers of travellers to specific destinations). H3 "The most frequent countries of acquisition are European countries" was confirmed and accepted. H4 "The highest rate of imported infectious diseases is in the České Budějovice District" was confirmed and accepted. H5 "The most frequent imported infections are gastro-intestinal diseases" was confirmed and accepted. H6 "There is a descending tendency of occurrence of imported infectious diseases" was rejected. H7 "There is a higher likelihood of presenting with a vaccination preventable disease in unvaccinated returned travellers" could not be confirmed due to the lack of data.
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Awareness of university students about the health risks associated with a stay abroad, knowledge and use of possible preventive measures
HANKOVÁ, Hana
The topic of my thesis is foreign travel issues. Its purpose is to survey the awareness of students of the University of South Bohemia about travel risks, while mapping the knowledge and use of available preventive measures. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part I try to describe in a well arranged way the available knowledge about health risks associated with traveling, including the various forms of prevention. The aim of the practical part is to analyze the obtained data and to determine the awareness of university students about the risks associated with traveling. The survey is based on the methods of prevalence studies conducted using an anonymous questionnaire survey. In total, 652 students of the University of South Bohemia were addressed, the number of returns was 460 questionnaires. In relation to the objectives two hypotheses were proposed. H1: The awareness of students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies about the health risks associated with a stay abroad is significantly higher than that of students of other faculties of the University of South Bohemia. H2: Statistically, the most important source of information on the knowledge and use of possible prevention measures is the Internet. These hypotheses were statistically evaluated and on the basis of the obtained results they were confirmed or refuted. The research results show that the most informed about the presented issues are students of the Faculty of Science. This fact was later explained by a number of exotic destinations visited during the last stay abroad, as well as a wide offer of the Faculty of globally-oriented practical training and research fellowships, in connection with which the students inform themselves about possible travel risks. Statistically, most of the surveyed students use the Internet to get information. This research became the basis for targeted focus of health education on minimizing health risks when traveling abroad. The real outcome of the thesis is an information poster which will be distributed to individual faculties of the University of South Bohemia.
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Strategic analysis of the company Toy traveling s. r. o.
Peška, Matěj ; Tyll, Ladislav (advisor) ; Martínez, Felipe (referee)
The main aim of this Master's Thesis is to create strategic analysis of the company Toy traveling s. r. o. The business of this company is really specific. It is a travel agency for toys or things that person could have emotionaly attcheed to relationship. The theoretical part describes the procedures and methods, for example PEST analysis and Porter's five forces model used for in the creation of strategic analysis. At the end of the theoretical part there is the SWOT analysis and results of marketing research. The methods and procedures described in the theoretical part are then applied in the practical part. Based on the results of strategic analysis and marketing research provides advice and recommendations for future development.
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Travel in the early principate
VOSTRÁ, Dominika
The bachaleor thesis titled Travel in the early principate is devoted to travel in the period 1st century BC ? 2nd century AD. It focuses on travel by land and the sea. It discusses the purposes and potential risks of paths of travel. It tries to answer questions such as traveller?s equipment, transport vehicles, services available during the trip, a map or route plan, familiarity with the geography, etc. It also offers overview of the most important roads in Italy. The text is primarily based on published sources relating to a defined period. The focus of the thesis is the analysis of personal testimony that says about traveling, therefore focuses particularly on the sources like correspondence of a personal nature (especially Pliny the Younger, Cicero, Seneca), but will also use experiences captured in verse (Horace) and fiction (Petronius). Many interesting information on travel can also be found in historical texts (Suetonius, Dio Cassius, Historia Augusta, etc.), and scientific treatises from various disciplines (especially geography, but also Medicine).
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Low cost travelling: comparison of hitchhiking and ridesharing
Urbanec, Matěj ; Mervart, Michal (advisor) ; Kalousek, Petr (referee)
There are many ways of travelling, but lots of them are, especially for students, too costly. This thesis focuses on low cost methods of road transportation, which are hitchhiking and ridesharing, which anyone can afford to travel by. The aim of this thesis is to compare these specific forms of transportation from different perspectives and try to determine the trends of their future development. In the theoretical part hitchhiking and ridesharing are discussed from a historical perspective and there are also described trips, for which these methods can be used. The practical part analyzes the servers that provide ridesharing and compares the two forms of transport from different points of view.
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The model of village between capital and river. Socio-cultural profile of Týnec nad Sázavou 1918-1938.
LOMOZOVÁ, Eva
The presented thesis deals with the progress of life in the small village of Týnec nad Sázavou in connection with the formation and development of tourist interest in the region of Lower Posázaví. The progress, which was the outcome of local tourism, was reflected in the lifestyle changes made by the rural population. The important elements included new building projects and developmental opportunities in the region of Lower Posázaví, which included the construction of railways, repairing and building of road, electrification, installation of water supply and reconstruction of the state hotel in Týnec nad Sázavou. Included among the summer visitors were important and significant personalities of that period: successful entrepreneurs, scientists, politicians, writers, doctors and artists. One of the main personalities was Frantisek Janecek, who chose this township not only to spend his summer leisure time, but also for his business aims. His intentions had a great positive impact on the life of the population of Týnec nad Sázavou and its surroundings. The reflection of prosperity seen during the period of the first republic in this region remains evident till today.
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General Public Awareness about Vaccination before Going Abroad
BROMOVÁ, Martina
This thesis deals with attitude of Czech travellers towards prevention of infectious diseases that can affect them during their stays in overseas destinations. The main objective of this work is to investigate awareness and interest of travellers in vaccination before going abroad. The theoretical part is focused on principles of good preparation for going abroad and also on infectious diseases that can complicate the stay abroad. The focus of the theoretical part is epidemiological characteristics of selected infectious diseases which pose a risk for travellers particularly in areas of Asia, South America and Africa. The practical part involves quantitative research carried out with 104 people, who in 2010 travelled overseas. Research covers information on infectious diseases, on risks connected with stays overseas and on the use of recommended preventive measures. For data collection I applied the method of questioning, the technique of a questionnaire. The research was indirect, via emails. The objective of the thesis was, above all, to highlight the need and importance to ensure quality information for citizens travelling overseas about possibilities of prevention of selected diseases through vaccination and the use of prophylactic medication and about the necessity of good hygiene in the above mentioned areas. The output of the thesis might be used as a basis for targeted focus on education of public through the cooperation of specialists with media or travel agencies. At the same time the thesis might be used as study material for both lay persons and as a basis for further research.
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The Integrated Rescue System Activity and the Protection of the Public from a Possible Importation of Highly Contagious Diseases into the Czech Republic by Air Transfer
TOUSECKÝ, Peter
At present time of modern worldwide tourism using air transport, the risk of spreading an infectious disease in the Czech Republic cannot be underestimated. Air transport has become quite common way of travelling for Czech citizens so the travel time has shortened significantly. From this viewpoint Czech residents are at potential hazard of highly infectious diseases (HID). This Diploma thesis deals with biological agents which are divided into four risk groups on the basis of patogenes, a hazard to the staff and possible treatment and prophylaxis. Each of the groups requires different level of protection against the infection and its spread. The groups are graded from 1 to 4, i.e. BSL-1, BSL-2, BSL{--}3 and BSL{--}4. Biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) poses a high individual risk of life-threatening diseases where no prevention and treatment are available. This group includes various viral hemorrhanic fevers (VHF) accompanied by heavy tissue bleeding which can be caused by philoviruses, arenaviruses, buniaviruses and flaviviruses. These virus families include viruses like Ebola, Marburg, Lassa, Junin (Argentine VHF), Machupo (Bolivian VHF), Sabia (Brazilian VHF), Guanarito (Venezuelan VHF), Rift Halley fever, Hanta virus, Variola virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and others. Even the hazard of BSL-3 biological agents with, in history well-known, Bacillus anthracis should not be ignored. The hazard of highly infectious diseases (HID) related to tourism consists in the incubation period. Tourists are infected during their stay abroad and on their way back to the Czech Republic the disease is highly developed. The HID transmission to other people confined in the space of the plane is then very simple. The attention is also paid to the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus which showed the possible ways of infection identification and population protection in the Czech Republic together with all subsequent effects.
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Web portals focused on Slovakia
Hloža, Mojmír ; Sedláček, Jiří (advisor) ; Vrbský, Petr (referee)
Thesis is engaged in the research of the market of the web portals focused on tourism and travelling round Slovakia. The first part explores the purpose of internet for travelling, the second part contains summary of the main factors which has the greatest influence on tourism in Slovakia. The main aim which is included in the third and the fourth part is to analyse current web portals oriented on Slovakia as touristic destination and to prepare a primary plan of particular travel web focused on such content.
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