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Analysis of solar cell surface features
Lipr, Tomáš ; Macků, Robert (referee) ; Škarvada, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the study of electrical and optical properties of solar cell samples using the near field optical microscope. Process of the image formation is described. Artefacts which are presented on some of topography images are described, too. There are some timing problems with measuring of the sample local electric response. If the measuring and scanning devices are not in the time synchronization there will be some difficulties with measured data representation and 2D image offline formation. Created electronic for SNOM and measuring devices synchronization is presented.
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Characterization of active layers with pH dye for fluorescent pH fiber optic sensors
Škrabal, Pavel ; Kuncová, Gabriela (referee) ; Pospíšilová, Marie (advisor)
Diploma thesis is deal with the problem of plant intracellular pH measurement in range of pH5-pH7. Convenient method of pH measurement is in this case local optical microdetection using so call pH transducers immobilized into matrices. Ratio-metric method of measurement of emission of excited transducer on two wavelengths is used. Tree excitation wavelengths were chosen from measured absorption spectra of pH transducers which were solved in calibration buffers (liquid samples). Time independence calibration curves (dependence of ratio-coefficient on pH) of liquid samples were established from their emission spectra for transducers BCECF, HPTS and HPCE. The requirements of sensitivity in pH range satisfied BCECF and HPTS transducers. These transducers were immobilized into xero-gel layers (TEOS, APEX and PTES) and by dip-coating method coated on the glass slide (solid samples). The diference of pH values of control medium, which were read from the calibration curves of solid samples (BCECF + TEOS and HPTS + PTES) and from pH measured potentiometrically, were 0.73. The first test measurement of pH was made by the V-taper with deposited active layer (transducer BCECF immobilized in TEOS) on its tip.
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Behrens-Fisher Problem
Kurková, Michaela ; Kalina, Jan (referee) ; Jurečková, Jana (advisor)
In this work we are concerned with the problem of testing the equality of the means from the two populations for the case where the population covariance matrices are unequal. Well-known problem frequently occurring in applied statistics, called the Behrens-Fisher problem. This is widely used in economy, social sciences and medicine. We concentrate mainly on multivariate case. We study variety of possible approaches, bayesian, parametric, nonparametric, with particular solutions. At the close we mention one of possible solutions of generalized multivariate Behrens-Fisher problem, Mack-Wolfe test. A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted in order to illustrate their properties for different dimensions, the degree of heteroscedasticity, sample sizes and correlation coefficients. For comparison we mention classical two sample multivariate Hotelling T2. We demonstrate impact of nonnormality by estimating the type I error and power for selected solutions. Finally we use real data form Forest inventory in the Czech Republic 2001-2004 and we present the necessity of solution of this problem in practice.
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Importance sampling
Hovorka, Tomáš ; Hlávka, Zdeněk (referee) ; Antoch, Jaromír (advisor)
In the present work we study the important sampling method. This method serves as a variance reduction technique for the Monte Carlo simulations. The basic theoretical properties of important sampling estimators are shown. A number of methods how to choose an alternative density is presented and compared on many examples. Among others: translation and scaling of original density, dominating point method, random translation over the surface of d-dimensional sphere method and method combining translation and scaling of original density. In the conclusion we attempted to set up some rules for choosing an appropriate method in dependence on the form of the problem to be solved.
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Kontextové modely pro statistickou kompresi dat
Paška, Přemysl ; Žemlička, Michal (referee) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (advisor)
Current context modelling methods use an aggregated form of the statistics reusing the data history only rarely. This work proposes two independent methods that use the history in a more elaborate way. When the Prediction by Partial Matching (PPM) method updates its context tree, previous occurrences of a newly added context are ignored, which harms precision of the probabilities. An improved algorithm, which uses the complete data history, is described. The empirical results suggest that this PPM sub-obtimality is one of the major cause of the problem of inaccurate probabilities in high context orders. Current methods (especially PAQ) adapt to non-stationary data by strong favoring of the most recent statistics. The method proposed in this work generalizes this approach by favoring those parts of the history which are the most relevant to the current data, and its imlementation provides an improvement for almost all tested data especially for some samples of non-stationary data.
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Depression issues among patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy
Kajuková, Barbora ; Loneková, Katarína (referee) ; Šivicová, Gabriela (referee)
The research objectives The objectiv of the research was to map the depression problems among patients with pharmacological resistant epilepsy. The research had 4 main goals: Firstly, to find out degree of subjective reported depressive symptoms among a sample of patients with pharmacological resistant epilepsy, then secondly to compare degree of subjective reported depressive symptoms within patients with pharmacological resistant epilepsy and normal populations. The third goal was the mapping of the depression problems among patients with pharmacological resistant epilepsy according to sex, age, family status, education and working use. The last goal was the mapping of the depression problems among patients with pharmacological resistant epilepsy, epileptic factors and according to type of seizures, frequency of seizures in one month, the begining of epilepsy and the duration of epilepsy. Research design and methods We used the full Beck Depression Inventory as measurement scale. The research was performed on 130 patients with pharmacological resistant epilepsy. Research results Monitored variables were evaluated with the application of the following statistical methods: Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis test. The level of depression was moderate in 41%, 35% had depression in norm. 24% was...
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A nursing issue: peripheral venous catheter
TOMÁNKOVÁ NOVÁKOVÁ, Monika
Peripheral venous catheter is used to access the venous system. It is one of the most commonly used invasive procedures in health care facilities. This procedure falls within the competence and daily tasks of nurses. Therefore this type of nursing care is susceptible to risk of proceeding routinely which might result in conscious or unconscious errors. Peripheral venous catheter needs to be introduced into the patient's vein in the following cases: planned parenteral nutrition, infusion or transfusion therapy, application of intravascular medication or contrast media, rehydration, blood sampling (which can be performed immediately after introducing the peripheral venous catheter and before administrating medication) and also during an emergency care for critically ill (such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation). Nurses should be as knowledgeable as possible about this issue so that the peripheral venous catheter can be introduced well and fulfil its purpose. It is important to ensure that nurses obtain all the necessary information about their patients before inserting the catheter and that they are able to properly inform the patients about the procedure and to communicate with them. Next, nurses should be familiar with the correct procedure for inserting catheters, they should be informed about possible contraindications and know how to choose the correct type of catheter as well as where to place it. Furthermore, nurses should care for this vascular access correctly and provide the patient with enough information about taking care of the catheter after the procedure. Finally, nurses should be aware of their own potential errors and also of possible complications. Therefore they should employ aseptic technique so that they can eliminate nosocomial infections. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part focuses on the history of peripheral venous catheters and their types, indications and contraindications, necessary equipment, nursing care, complications, etc. The empirical part consists of a research. The aim of the thesis was to map the use of peripheral venous catheters in hospitals as well as to identify factors that may lead to problems among the patients with peripheral venous catheters. Four research questions were assigned to these aims. 1. What is the procedure prior to inserting a peripheral venous catheter? 2. What are the standards of caring for patients with an inserted peripheral venous catheter? 3. In which steps of caring for peripheral venous catheters do the nurses lack knowledge? What equipment do the nurses prepare in order to insert a peripheral venous catheter? The Bachelor's thesis was conducted using a qualitative research survey. The methods of collecting data included semi-structured interviews and participant observations. The research was carried out only in one hospital ward and it was anonymous. First, the data were collected by means of a semi-structured interview. The nurses were asked 14 questions (see Appendix 8). During this interview, several more subquestions were added. The results of the interviews were then grouped into several categories for the sake of clarity. The second method of collecting data was participant observation. The observed facts were recorded into an observation sheet (see Appendix 9). The same nurses who were interviewed were also observed. This Bachelor's thesis has been written in order to provide a basic overview of the peripheral venous catheters. It could be used as an information source for more experienced as well as novice nurses. The practical output of this Bachelor's thesis is a nursing care standard concerning peripheral venous catheters. This standard was missing in the hospital ward and could help the nurses to take care of these vascular accesses, to proceed correctly and eliminate possible errors (see Appendix10).
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The integration of disabled students into the secondary education
SVAČINOVÁ, Jana
Over the years there has been a lot of discussion about the integration of the disabled students, and the opinions differ no matter if it is made by a professional or non-professional. At best each student should be integrated into the local school according to his or her permanent address. However, not every school is open to this phenomenon. The integration process has its limits and its success is dependent not only on possibilities of the integrated person but also on a lot of factors, inter alia on the conditions of the school as well. The Bachelor´s thesis deals with the integration of the disabled students into the secondary education and consists of two parts. The theoretical part defines the basic terms which are related to the problem of the integration, legislative measures as well as a historical view. Then it includes factors conditioning the successful integration. The objective of the practical part was to find out how many secondary schools in České Budějovice are prepared for the integration of the disabled students, it means what conditions there are in these schools, for example barrier-free access, supportive measures, and so on. The study used a qualitative research which was done only in the grammar schools, secondary vocational schools and conservatoire. I addressed the management of 22 secondary schools, out of which 7 schools refused to take part in the research. Thus, the research sample consists of 15 school representatives (respondents). I was given the information from the school headmasters, deputy head teachers or careers advisors. The answers of the respondents resulted in the fact that currently only three secondary schools are ready to integrate the disabled students.
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Supervision in psychiatric nursing
RŮŽIČKOVÁ NEUŽILOVÁ, Michaela
Basic theoretical background The theoretical part of the thesis explores the issue of supervision and focuses on psychiatric nursing. It is divided into several parts. The first part is focused on supervision, briefly characterizes supervision as such, then it describes its divisions, functions and methods. It also explores the participants of supervision, the agreement on supervision, transcultural supervision and Balint groups. The following part describes historical development of psychiatric nursing, briefly presents the personality of Joyce E. Travelbee. In the conclusion of the theoretical part of the thesis the problems of education and competence of nurses in psychiatric care are introduced, marginally mentioning the Turku declaration. The aim of the work The main aim of the thesis is to investigate the awareness of nurses working in psychiatric care of the clinical supervision options. The task of the second objective is to find out the opinion on supervision of nurses working in psychiatric care. The third objective is focused on means to assist nurses working in psychiatric care in their personal development and growth within their practices. The purpose of the fourth objective is to find experience with supervision of nurses working in psychiatric care. The methods used Qualitative investigation was chosen for the empirical part of the thesis. The method used for data collection was in the form of semi-structured interview. The interviews with the respondents were taken down using a voice recorder and transcribed, qualitative data was then analyzed by pencil and paper encoding technique and semantically organized into 27. groups of categorization. The selection of a research sample was intentional, consisting of twelve nurses working in psychiatric care in the Czech Republic. Results The research focused on nurses who do not have personal experience with supervision revealed that they have certain awareness of the supervisory process, however not quite sufficient to be able to describe the nature and function of supervision in its entirety. Their knowledge is rather theoretical. They understood supervision as help to solve disharmonious relationships in the workplace, as well as it could improve communication skills of the nurses, it would also assist in dealing with crisis intervention and prevent burnout syndrome. The results regarding nurses who do not participate in the supervisory process clearly indicated that they have insufficient support and the opportunity for both their professional and personal growth in their workplace, while this important could be solved by supervision. The research, which covered only nurses who have had personal experience with supervision and regularly participate in it, showed that their knowledge and skills related to the supervision process are quite sufficient to be able to understand and use supervision practically in the whole range. These nurses sees supervision as a benefit that would allow them not only to understood themselves, but also to learn how to manage challenging situations that are a part of their profession. Supervision gives them confidence, provides support and teaches them to deal with people who are part of their work process. Supervision has become a tool for preventing burnout and showed them how to use their own potential effectively. Conclusion This thesis is focused on the use of supervision in psychiatric nursing. Working with mentally challenged patients is very demanding, therefore supervision plays its justified role there. If you do not know yourself and you are not able to solve your own problems, you can never effectively and comprehensively address the problems of others, who are often desperately waiting for your help. The results will be presented at professional seminars designed not only to nurses working in psychiatric care.
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Analysis of an appropriate CRM system selection
Leitmančík, Adam ; Lorenc, Miroslav (advisor) ; Junková, Simona (referee)
Using three different real CRM products (Salesforce.com, MS Dynamics CRM, e-CRM Way)solves a number of sample problems and requirements of three exemplar companies. The right configuration of CRM system may lead to lower costs of obtaining information for managers, obtain information about customer for sales representatives and better overall cooperation with the customer. A problem that may arise and that is solved it this work is selection of the right CRM solution for the company after evaluation of the functionality cost, and potential complications during implementation.
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