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Study of the synthesis and structure of ceramic perovskite materials for energy applications
Strejček, Josef ; Bartoníčková, Eva (referee) ; Cihlář, Jaroslav (advisor)
Method, so called “glycin- nitrate process”, combined with high temperature solid state reaction, of preparation multi- component ceramic perovskite materials was studied. Two types of perovskite systems were prepared by this method. Firs one, based on LaNiO3 doped by calcium and aluminium and second one, based on SmFeO3 doped by calcium and nickel or cobalt. This method made possible preparation of one phase perovskite or perovskites with few percent of nickel in form of oxide. In systems containing both nickel and calcium another phases rich in calcium and nickel appeared.
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Development of New Potential Antimycobacterial Active Agent Based on the Group of Salicylanilides
Monreal Férriz, Juana ; Vinšová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Opletalová, Veronika (referee) ; Polanc, Slovenko (referee)
Salicylanilides are an important class of aromatic compounds with a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory, among others. Furthermore; several studies reported their potent antimycobacterial effect. Their activity results from multiple mechanisms. They are therefore interesting compounds for medicinal chemists. As phenolic- containing drugs, we hypothesised that a prodrug approach will make possible the improvement of the pharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic properties of salicylanilides. This thesis describes the development of new potential antimycobacterial active agents based on this group that have shown interesting antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and some atypical strains. As the starting point for our research, the different strategies used in order to overcome the limited bioavailability of phenolic drugs were reviewed. Then new potentially antibacterial active prodrugs of salicylanilides, particularly N-benzyloxycarbonyl-ester and alkyl-carbamate derivatives of salicylanilide, active against M. tbc., MDR-TB strains or non-TB strains such as M. avium and M. kansasii, were prepared. Finally the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of the most active synthesised compounds were...
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Application of Pd-Catalyzed Reactions to the Synthesis of Lactones
Šnajdr, Ivan ; Pour, Milan (advisor) ; Kotora, Martin (referee) ; Opletalová, Veronika (referee)
Within the framework of this Thesis, a method fot the preparation of 3,6- disubstituted pyranones was developed and 15 final lactones were synthesized, and their cytostatic and antifungal activity was investigated. Principal steps in the preparation of the compounds were Yamaguchi-Hirao alkylation, hydroalumination followed by iodation and Pd- catalyzed carbonylative lactonization. None of the target compounds displayed interesting cytostatic or antifungal activity (IC50 < 10 μmol/L), which was suprising given the significant antifungal activity of analogous butenolides. The development of the synthesis of 3- monosubstituted pyranones is described next. Our strategy is based on the use of 5,6-dihydro-2H- pyran-2-one as the starting material, which was converted into the 3-iodo-5,6-dihydro-2H- pyran-2-one in one step. The key step of the synthesis was Pd-catalyzed Suzuki coupling. Finally, the preparation of α- and β-substituted-γ-alkylidenepentenolides is described. The target compounds exhibited significant cytostatic activity (IC50 < 5 μmol/L) against all tested tumor cells (CCRF-CEM, HeLa S3, HT 29, HL 60, L 1210).
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Application of Conductive Inks and Low Temperature Sintered Pastes in PCB Production
Kolek, Andrej ; Špinka, Jiří (referee) ; Starý, Jiří (advisor)
The present masters's thesis informs about the development and application of low-temperature sintering pastes in the manufacture and assembly of PCB components of the enclosing lead-free using nanoparticles of metals and their compounds. Lead-free brazing technology which s using in the present time, which has its drawbacks, however, and thus gaining other appropriate alternatives that seek to replace or further refined lead brazing. The introduction of the theoretical part inform about retrieval method of the type, composition and properties of low-temperature sintering pastes consisting of metal nanoparticles and their compounds. This section describes and explains the reaction mechanisms taking place during the sintering process. The end of the first chapter is dedicated to nanotechnology and production of nanoparticles and their compounds for the needs of the low-temperature sintering and possible related problems. Folowing section is devoted to examples of practitioners of the application and use of low-temperature sintering pastes and tests with which to assess the characteristics and quality of the related sintering conection. At the end of the thesis is a summary perspective and the use of low-temperature sintering technology nanoparticle past into the future. The experimental part is devoted to the application of conductive ink on the base of graphite for the production of 1V, 2V and 4V structures and their electroplated by the copper. There were created technological processes of 2V and 4V structures and test proposed methodologies resistance conductive theme to environmental influences. Filling pasta was tested in implementing 4V structure. There were made microsections various technological applications and their results were processed and evaluated.
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Study of Properties of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
Procházka, Jan ; Kavan, Ladislav (advisor) ; Mička, Zdeněk (referee) ; Šubrt, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Science Department of Inorganic Chemistry STUDY OF PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES. PhD Thesis Abstract Jan Procházka Prague 2009 8. This PhD thesis is based on publications and patent applications (1-9) to which the author contributed considerably. The list of the publications is attached at the end of this text. Systematic research of the properties of TiO2 nanoparticles brought new pieces of knowledge into syntheses of titanium dioxide nanoparticles organized in the templated structures. When the structures were used in the solar cells, their solar efficiency significantly surpassed the performance of the conventional TiO2 films. The study was focused on the engineering and optimization of parameters of the nanostructures used as anodes in the dye sensitized solar cells (DSC). Several new technical solutions have been delivered during the work on variety of TiO2 structures. First, the factors with an impact on the proper function of the TiO2 multilayer film were determined 9. and then, the layer by layer deposition technique was perfected. Introduction of phosphorus into the templated mesoporous film synthesis protocol represented significant progress. The presence of phosphorus stabilized the TiO2 surface area at a high temperature and allowed a...
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Primární prevence agresivity a násilí na střední odborné škole
Vaňková, Andrea
The bachelor thesis is focused on the primary prevention of aggression and violence in secondary vocational schools. The thesis is divided into two parts -- a theoretical part and a practical part. The aim of the thesis is to define the concept of aggression and violence, classify types of aggression, define the causes of aggression and violence, social aspects associated with aggression, describe the personality traits of aggressor and victim, signals of aggression and violence in the classroom, including prevention education. The method of the theoretical part is the study of professional literature sources, school documents (School Prevention Strategy and the Minimum Preventive Programme), making excerpts and their analysis, synthesis. In the practical part is to find out the awareness of students of primary prevention in relation to aggression and violence at the vocational school. Respondents were pupils of Business Academy and Medical High School in Blansko. The method of questioning is used in the practical part. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire designed for the survey. The data were processed using descriptive statistics and based on the assessment of the state are possible assets designed to improve primary prevention and recommendations for pedagogical practices.
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Coeliac disease and its impact in the life of a child at younger school-age.
MIKEŠOVÁ, Annemarie
Celiac sprue or celiac disease leads to a lifelong adherence to the diet, i.e. to a total exclusion of gluten from the diet. In celiac disease antibodies are released, that act autoimmune and affect the inherent small intestinal tissue, while the detachment of antibodies is caused by the presence of gluten in food. In pathological process the disorder of the morphology of small intestinal walls occurs, causing the reduction of intestinal villus height, which are physiologically present on every intestinal mucosa. In a critical state the subtotal or total atrophy of intestinal villi rises means their partial or complete disappearance. This damage of mucosa results in chronic inflammatory processes, which cause malabsorption.Celiac sprue is a chronic, autoimmune disease developing either on genetic background or due to the immune response.The basic and only treatment consist in longlife exclusion of gluten from the diet., i.e. the suppression of toxic protein occurring in cereal grain. Celiac sprue belongs to the incurable diseases and preventing the complications, which may occur in relation to a bad regime, is a matter of course. Nowadays the importance is attached to prevention, which is divided into three basic levels: primary, secondary and tertiary. The primary prevention is crucial, it is when the incidence of the disease is sought out. The time, when the gluten gets into the child´s body for the first time, has a great influence on the development of the disease. The main goal of this thesis was to map the issue of celiac disease of early-school-age children with a focus on the specifics of nursing using the literature available. The celiac disease issue was searched out in bibliographic publications and on the Internet. Based on the stated objective, the synthesis method, explanation or data demonstration was chosen for this bachelor thesis. Economic point of view is regarded as a fundamental issue of the disease. It turned out that only a small number of czech health insurance companies provides a catering allowance to celiac patients. It was found out, that in many EU states so called community care provided by community nurse, exists. There is no trend like this in Czech republic despite the fact, that this field can be studied in the master study. The nurse is an unsubstitutable member and fundamental pillar of a multidisciplinary team. She also has significant competencies in patient care and constitutes an irreplaceable place in nursing. The output of this theoretical thesis is to create a comprehensive view of the range of problems related to celiac disease of early-school-age children.
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The stock market volatility in the Czech Republic : rises and falls
Princ, Michael ; Netuka, Martin (advisor) ; Seidler, Jakub (referee)
The thesis concentrate on a volatility analysis os a stock market in the Czech Republic in years 1994-2009 including a comparison with a data available from world developed stock markets - namely European region, USA and Japan, econometric tools include GARCH model and its most popular derivates and generalisations I.E. IGARCH, EGARCH AND APARCH PROCESSES. The thesis is split into two main parts. The first part is devoted to a PSE volatility analysis based only on domestic data series involving GARCH class model estimations, forecasting abilities comparison and also a structural-break analysis based on the ICSS algorithm including the Inclan-Tiao test and its successors. Next part involves a dynamic analysis based on DCC MVGARCH model, which describes a change in a volatility spillover effect during the time. Data source used during the model estimation includes a development of stock indices and also net profits from point of view of Czech investor investing on global markets. It is furthermore supported by Granger causality estimation, which reveals a long-lasting unidirectional dependence of PSE on other developed markets. The complex results, which arise from a synergistic compound of particular econometric models, show that the stock market in the Czech Republic came through three main phases.
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Contribution of important event for development of turism in České Budějovice
ZEMANOVÁ, Veronika
The aim of my thesis is to evaluate the impacts and benefits of selected events in the tourism businesses in conjunction with the anniversary of the founding of the Czech Budejovice. Based on the findings, create the draft of recommendations to enhance cultural and culture tourism in the Czech Budejovice. To fulfill the objectives was executed the situation analysis of offered cultural and social events in Czech Budejovice in the form of secondary data, primary data were obtained by quantitative research. Quantitative research was conducted by questionnaire, the results of which are processed by the work of graphic and written representa-tions. Results of research and analysis are evaluated in the synthesis of the results and knowledge. Achieving this goal also contributed to the study of literature and other sources.
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