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A historical view of the army nurse profession.
PAVLÍKOVÁ, Andrea
The thesis deals with the profession of a military nurse. We can assert that the official study of military, non-medical health-care related qualifications and its use in practice not only for military purposes dates back to the fifties of the last century. However, women as health care professionals, consequently in uniforms, have always been an actual issue. The development of health care activities always existed, however, we must not neglect influence of scientific and medical findings. The historical timeline of development of medical care in the battle field was recorded and ranges from pre-historical healing. The way of Christian medicine was negatively influenced by the Catholic Church. The dark period of the Middle Ages had actually wrested medical performance from the hands of specialists and the suffering were left to the "tender" mercies of the priests. The following part of the thesis concerns modern medicine where enlightenment reforms were exercised. Some of the original six-month courses for military surgeons were organised in this period of time; they weretransformed into Military Surgical Academy, out of which the famous Josefinum originated. A expression of humanity which supported a form of health care of war veterans was demonstrated by constructing buildings for invalid people. The second half of the nineteenth century is characterized by the phenomenon of the presence of nuns in military hospitals. This study goes further in depth of professionally organized healthcare right in the battle field, which dates back from the era of wars in the Crimea.This stage describes the transformation of caring into nursing which requires the necessity of specialized preparation of persons providing nursing practice. In addition, Henry Dunant engraved himself into the history of the profession of a nurse, as the founder of the Red Cross, who first trained health care professionals for working within armed intentions of the state. The continuation of this action sketches out the process of providing first aid in principal armed conflicts of the twentieth century. It describes the functioning of commander operated military health service of that time. WWI drove Czech medical staff to both sides of the front where they provided medical help to the injured. Nurses of the WWII already performed their duties in uniforms as the rightful members of the army. The thesis also mentions post-war usage of military health care professionals in secret foreign missions and their specialized erudition.Last but not least, it marginally discusses contemporary possibilities of modern health care service of the Army of the Czech Republic. The goal of the endeavours of writing this thesis was to chart out clearly the development of the profession of a military nurse within the historical context, focusing mainly on women coming from Czech regions. In order to make the history background concerning specific female participants of the world war conflicts understandable to the reader, this paper reports, in broader extension, peculiar medical and nursing findings, already from the era of prehistoric civilisations. The history study method were applied for the purpose of the theoretical thesis. The methodology is based on searching, studying, sorting and the consecutive systematic objective describing of the events from the past times with the intention to propose comprehensive report on the subject given. It was necessary to study inexhaustible amount of sources to obtain awareness of historical connections. Factual information was derived by analysing of primary and mainly secondary documents. The thesis sketches out histories of military health care and the profession of a military health care professional stemmed from the exploration of appropriate written sources and conclusion of the basic findings. The intentions of the work are not only to clarify the past but also to contribute to solutions of every-day issues.
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The role of nurses and their impact on the care of patients with total hip arthroplasty.
SLABÁKOVÁ, Květoslava
Total hip replacement is one of the most extensively and highly effective operating methods in orthopaedics. The patients are brought back the self-sufficiency, life without the pain and noticeably motion restriction. Irreplaceable function here is a role of the nurse, who helps the patient to return back to his common life...The aim of this work was to find out, how the patients feel the role of the nurse and its influence to given nursing care before and after the total hip replacement as the less fulfilled. There were following research questions set: How the patients feel the role of the nurse before and after the total hip replacement? How the patients before and after the total hip replacement feel the interpretation of the nurse roles? How the patients before and after the total hip replacement feel the role of the nurse and its influence to given nursing care. Which of the nurse roles are felt by the patient as the unsatisfactory in postoperative care? The patients before and after the total hip replacement feel through the everyday nurse activities the nurse in her role of the caregiver and education giving person, following the nurse vindicator and the nurse bearer of changes. The patients feel the care thanks these roles as a quality, holistic and continual. Nevertheless was the role of the education giving named as the least fulfilled. In connection with these research results was created a manual, a Guide book for the patients before and after the total hip replacement. This Guide book was given to testing purposes. This Guide book was appreciated by the patients very positive despite a large amount of information, which were surprising for many of them. We gained some data, which gave the impulse to complete the information in the Guide.The created Guide book can´t replace the effective communication of the patient with the medical staff, which could be always the most suitable "source" of information.
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Nursing care management of patients after intrapleural chemical pleurodesis
KIESEWETTEROVÁ, Renáta
The pleurodesis is a treatment method for patients suffered from the symptomatic malignant pleural effusion. The goal of the pleurodesis is to close a pleural area by connection of visceral and parietal pleura in order to reduce or terminate production of pleural effusion. The sterile talc powder is the world's most used agens within a practice. After a parental analgesic is the powder (as a sllury) either applicated into a pleural cavity through the chest drainage or surgically dispersed over the treated (via abrasion, decortication) pleural space during the thoracoscopy/thoracotomy. This diploma thesis focuses on the treatment technique of bedside talc-pleurodesis through the chest drainage. The nurse has an irreplaceable role in the whole process from a preparation of patient to assistance by intrapreural application, to care of patient after the operation or serves as a physical support during potential complications. The aim of the presented work is to detect priorities in nursing care and find out whether patients need increased care after intrapleural therapy. The qualitative research method was chosen for the analysis where semi-structural interview with open questions were used. We created case reports analysed with the adaptive model of Callista Roy as well. The research sample contained patients chosen with respect to specialization of researched problem. We set two basic focal stimuli according to the analysis of respondents´ reactions. These stimuli serve as a basis for determination of priority parts of the nursing care by patients after bedside pleurodesis. We defined the need to be without pain and the need to ensure safety and certainty as a central focus of the nursing care. Among secondary fields of nursing care were identified sleep disturbances and limited mobility, which leads to reduction of self-care in getting dress, hygiene as well as in defection and miction. We found out within the second goal identical intensity of the nursing care before and after bedside talc-pleurodesis. This statement is based on comparison of interventions before and after aplication analysed via adaptive model by Roy. Nevertheless, causes of interventions were modified to a certain extent. The main goal of diploma thesis was to map requirements for high-quality nursing care related to bedside talc-pleurodesis via chest drainage. The work should extend theoretical basis not only for nurses in clinical practice.
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The need for security and safety in connection with a planned surgery with the patient's perspective and nurses
BOHDALOVÁ, Jaroslava
A planned operation performance always affects patient´s needs for assurance and safety. It is important to provide necessary information connected with the planned operation performance itself so that the patient can feel assure and safe. The key role for the patient and her/his needs for assurance and safety is in general nurse´s hands because she is the closest person to the patient and can help to inspire her/his needs for assurance and safety with konfidence best through the aid of her knowledge and skills that she should have as well as through the aid of her attitudes. The target of the thesis was to find out how a planned operation performance affects patient´s needs for assurance and safety and how a general nurse inspires patient´s needs for assurance and safety connected with a planned operation performance with confidence. The following research questions were stated: How does a planned operation performance affect patient´s needs for assurance and safety? How does a general nurse affect patient´s needs for assurance and safety connected with a planned operation performance to inspire her/him with confidence? What is insufficient in filling patient´s needs for assurance and safety before a planned operation performance? How can a general nurse help a patient control her/his fear and state of anxiety related to a planned operation performance? The method qualitative research with the use of depth interview was used to figure out the investigation. The respondents were willing to record the interview which were verbally rewritten and then subjected to the contents analysis by the method paper and pencil. From the research it is clear that a planned operation performance affects patient´s needs for assurance and safety in a negative way disregarding to her/his previous experience. Patient´s worries and negative feelings can be eliminated by a general nurse who treats her/him as equal, taking up an individual approach, informing her/him about all performances and proceedings, having a calming and welcoming way of communication, using empathy and listening as well as trying to meet patient´s wishes according to her possibilities. The research reveals the advantage of patients´ readiness for planned operation performances. Patients can learn it in the framework of educational proceeding in the out-patients´ department at the same time when they learn that they are going to be operated. The research also shows that general nurses do not have enough knowledge in the sphere of therapeutical communication. The results indicate that it would be suitable to start educating patients as soon as it is known how their disease will be solved and treated in order to reduce the negative impact of surgical treatment to patients´ needs for assurance and safety. General nurses should complete their knowledge and skills to be able to help patients to cope with their difficult life-situation. On the basis of the research investigation and after the consultation with the senior nursing officer, the training course will be organized. The topic of the training course will concentrate on communication with patients before planned operation performances with a view to therapeutical communications and therapeutical interviews. Other discovered facts, for example, the lack of information provided to patients and possibilities regarding better patients´ readiness for planned operation performances will surely be solved by the hospital management.
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Analysis of the financial funds drawing to improve of the forestry infrastructure
Pávek, Jindřich ; Dudík, Roman (advisor) ; Bystrický, Roman (referee)
In the program period 2007-2013 the area of forestry subsidies is divided into several operations. Operation of financing the forest roads is socially the most beneficial one and therefore I decided to perform analysis of subsidies money from EU funds so that in the next period the finances could be distributed in better and more efficiently way. The starting point of the research is analysis of documents and data provided by SZIF, ÚHUL and published on the internet PRV 07-13 under operation 1.1.2.3 Forest infrastructure. The result is a synthesis of data in numerical and graphical form about the size of investments per hectare PUPFL and m LDS in every NUTS 2 region for all rounds income subsidies.
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Optimization of Conversion Process of Financial Statements Compiled in accordance with Czech law regulation to Financial Statements by IFRS
Novotná, Dagmar ; Stárová, Marta (advisor) ; Marta, Marta (referee)
As the name of the thesis suggests, its main objective is based on the optimalization of financial statements prepared pursuant to Czech precepts of law to financial statements pursuant to IFRS (Internation Financial Reporting Statements). The main objective was achieved by partial fulfilment of the objectives, which include analysis of the key differences between the financial statements of the two mentioned accounting systems.
Withdrawals were mainly from the accounts and financial statements of the enterprise of SXX s.r.o., the accounting and consolidation of the company´s internal standards and guidelines consolidated whole. The company is a part and an entity of consolidated whole who is one of the world´s leading system suppliers of carton packaging and filling machines for beverages and food. The company transforms dates from its accounting system in the consolidation package, which also operates the parent company. In the light of the analysis were finally processed separate financial statements of the company under both laws.
The contribution of the thesis is as outlined in the foundations of theory and practical examples of recognition of selected operations on the actual company, their transformation and the final recognition by the two accounting system.
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The issue of violence against seniors. Home for the Elderly and Home and special regime in Litvínov-Janov
HEJLOVÁ, Magdaléna
This thesis deals with the psychological and physical violence against seniors. The work consists of theoretical and practical parts . The theoretical part deals with the age when a person becomes a senior , what problems arise in this phase of life . A special chapter is devoted to the issue of violence, which arises his comrades , victims , people who commit violence and why. Then I write about social services for the elderly and special homes where the survey is conducted. With social work is closely linked to ethics and ethical dilemmas. In the last chapter of the theoretical part of the thesis summarizes all the knowledge gained from the literature. The practical part contains the objective of the survey , which was a data analysis focused on the verification of the hypotheses , the protection of clients within the quality standards of social services and ethical code of the device. The survey was conducted through semi-standardized interviews, which were recorded in data sheets with clients / users of a rest home and home with a special regime in Litvinov - Genoa and to the staff of the direct care facilities , head of medico- social department, social workers . The output is the final report for a device that will then work with the survey results in improving the quality of social services. The operational objective was prepared list of contacts can help the victims of violence. Another objective was to address the identified ethical dilemmas. Information obtained from the interviews were analyzed in the presentation of results and then summarized in a final discussion.
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Proposal of bad debts optimalisation from the accounting and tax point of view
Burešová, Petra ; Štáfek, Pavel (advisor) ; Věra, Věra (referee)
This diploma work is focus on the bad debts management and bad debts prosecution in the company operating in fast moving consumer goods business segment. In the work there are mentioned the accounting and tax aspects related to bad debts and their correct performance with the allignment of corporate income tax legislation and provision law. The specialised literature and the basic tax and accountacy principles, which are described in the theoretical part of the work, were studied for this work. These principles are applied on the practical cases which are designed to cover all typical problems from bad debts area including correct accounting and tax solution. The tax legislative requests for bad debts are arranged to clear scheme that can cover decision steps in particular phases of bad debts. Based on the practical cases and studies of the bad debts management in the company were recommended steps which can lead to simplification of bad debts evidence, to correct creation of tax provisions and to use the cession of bad debts which have not been already used.
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Assessment of changes in slope topography and soil depth redistribution in relation to different soil tillage technologies
Ureš, Jan ; Kumhálová, Jitka (advisor) ; Novák, Petr (referee)
Water, wind, or tillage-induced soil erosion can significantly degrade soil quality and decrease crop yield from farm fields. Traditionally, the research in soil erosion is mostly focused on water or wind erosion. Recent studies over last two decades, however, point to the importance of tillage operations as a source of soil translocation on hilly agricultural land. Tillage disturbs the soil not only vertically but also horizontally by throwing soil in the tillage direction.
This study was designed to assess the soil translocation effect in topsoil before and after 5 tillage operations by using three different practices, namely mouldboard ploughing (A), chisel plough (B), and disc harrow (C) in the Chernozems region at the Sardice (South Moravia, the Czech Republic).
The influence of different tillage practices on the changes in depth of topsoil was assessed through description of 37 shallow pits - 10 pits was digged out before the tillage operations and then other 27 pits after five tillage operations. The results of the soil survey are based on the evaluation of the stratigraphy of the soil profile where the potential loss of topsoil was determined by a change in transition between the dark Ac horizon and yellow loess Ck horizon and by the type of the transition. Shift of topsoil after five performed operations is in the range of 9-15 cm at the top position of concave-convex slope and 4-14 cm at the top of concave slope. From the results of the experiment are also apparent significant shifts across to each tillage practice (C to A), which are, however, more or less caused by the shape of the slope.
By creating and comparing the DEM for the conducted experiment I managed to learn that the largest transport of soil particles was caused by mouldboard plough. Transport of soil particles was larger in the vertical direction than in the horizontal and moved in the range
of -5 to +13 cm. When undermining by a chisel plough was a significant horizontal shift of soil particles to the sides in the range of -5 to +5 cm. The method of shallow tillage with a disc harrow showed a change of the relief in the horizontal direction also in the range of -5 to +5 cm.
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Evaluation of forest management plans based on operational inventory
Bílý, Martin ; Marušák, Róbert (advisor) ; Jaroslav, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the preparation of forest management plans for richly structured forests, especially the forest in national parks. The model area was National park Podyjí (Thaya Valley), whose territory has been operational statistical inventory repeatedly performed. The theoretical part of the thesis analyzes problems of legislative embodiment of the method and the issue of forest management in national parks with special care facilities. The main contents of the study were then evaluate the data from forest management plans in 2003 and 2014. In the final part examined possibilities for the use of operational inventory in terms of forest management and in terms of the objectives ofnature conservation in national parks and have designed some possible modifications to the methodology.
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