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Dynamics and stand structure of the primary mountain mixed forests in Temperate Zone (Europe)
Votava, Martin ; Janda, Pavel (advisor) ; Lábusová, Jana (referee)
The bachelor thesis mainly deals with dynamics and structure of mountain mixed forests in
the temperate zone of Europe. It provides complex view at disturbance regimes and its effect on forest ecosystems. European mixed forests dominated by Fagus sylvatica, Abies alba and Picea abies are characterized by variable wind disturbances. Wide range of severity classes and spatial patterns of disturbances influence these ecosystems, consequently, it has important influence on species composition and developmental trajectories. Partly, the bachelor thesis deals with the perspectives of forest management in context of biodiversity and climate change. The bachelor thesis was compiled as literature review from many national and international results of scientific studies. Main aim of the work was to summarize general principles about these ecosystems.
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Productivity dynamics of herb layer in the thermophilous oakwood in the Nature Reservation Na Voskopě (Czech Karst) with respect to the solar radiation intensity
Mevald, Ondřej ; Černý, Tomáš (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
The Nature Reserve Na Voskopě is a special site where a long-term experiment was established in 2013, dealing with the switch of a long abandoned coppice back to its actively managed form. The project aims to examine the long-term impact of the proposed measures on the structure and diversity of plant species in herb layer especially in lighter woods at lower altitudes. The specific aim of this study was to examine the hypothesized crucial role of light conditions on the dynamics of plant biomass production in the undergrowth of such experimentally opened up thermophilous oak-dominated stand. A design was set up based on 40 permanent plots, where there were taken biomass samples from the herb layer in 2015. Further on, hemispherical images of forest canopy were photographed in the centre of each permanent plot. These images were evaluated in the analytical program WinScanopy, which calculates the amount of direct and diffuse radiation. The obtained datasets were evaluated by the regression analysis. The only decisive variable affecting the productivity of the herb layer turned to be diffuse radiation. The biomass data were also compared with light conditions sampled in the previous season (2014) as a part of ongoing experimental research. Season 2014 is characterized as a normal one and we managed to find a much stronger relationship between light conditions in 2014 and biomass productivity in 2015. Light conditions in season 2015 were significantly affected by the extremely dry and hot weather leading to strong defoliation of forest canopy. Still, we managed to demonstrate the positive impact of light conditions for the production of herb layer biomass. Weather extremes may also indicate an increase in biomass production in the next season, since a significant proportion of nutrients remained unused in the soil due to stopping the growth of vegetation. The current composition of the vegetation is very often determined by the extreme events in the abiotic environment occurring not long ago. Hemispherical images also proved as a very effective way to determine the light conditions, so it is also recommended to use for further research.
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The infuence of known regulatory factors on the population dynamics of selected orchid species on the orchid meadow (Peklo locality)
ČEPA, Luboš
Populations of strongly endangered species Orchis mascula and endangered Dactylorhiza majalis were monitored at Peklo area since 2000. In May 2002, another strongly endangered orchid species Orchis ustulata was discovered. The major increase in counts of O. ustulata towards stable numbers of O. mascula and D. majalis populations was detected during the seven year period of plant monitoring. The aim of this study was to reveal a connection between the climate conditions and orchid vitality, using biometrical plant data gained between 2005 to 2011. In order to evaluate a steady state of investigated area, the extensive phytocoenological sampling was conducted. The obtained data revealed several different loci at the screened grassland, which can be defined with presence of distinctive species. In blooming individuals of O. mascula, March temperature was the most defining factor. Parameters studied (number of leaves and blossoms, size of leaves, lenght of stems and duration of flowering) increased with decreasing March temperature. The blooming proved to be important factor, if a plant was in flower that year or the preceeding year, the number and the size of leaves was larger. The blooming in two subsequent years enhanced this described effect even more. The comparison of blooming individuals of O. ustulata revealed that plants growing in clusters were non flowering but bigger in size. Other positive correlation with investigated parameters had precipitation in December. However, the comparison of all plants showed generally smaller size of cluster forming plants. This overall analysis pointed out the influence of low temperature in October, the plants were smaller in size and amount of sterile individuals rised. All collected data and generated comparisons support earlier findings about influence of temperature and precipitation on the orchid population dynamics.
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Molecular simulations unravel preference of haloalkanes for the air/water interface
Habartová, Alena ; Minofar, Babak ; Obisesan, A. ; Roeselová, Martina
Halogenated organics are emitted into the atmosphere from a variety of sources of both natural and anthropogenic origin (Finlayson-Pitts et al., 2000). Their uptake at the surface of aerosols can affect their reactivity, for example in processes which take part in ozone destruction due to production of reactive chlorine, bromine and iodine radicals. This study presents results of molecular dynamic (MD) simulations carried out to investigate the interaction of short-chain haloalkanes with aqueous surfaces. We report on a free energy minimum that the haloalkanes exhibit at the air/water interface.
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Evaluation Principles: Effective evaluation and financing system for research, development and innovation
Münich, Daniel
The objective of Ipn project “Effective evaluation and financing system for research, development and innovation“) is to replace from 2015 the existing Methodology of evaluating the results achieved by research institutions with a more effective system of institutional evaluation based on the international quality standards. The new evaluation in the form of informed peer-review will reflect the Ipn Audit recommendations as well as Long Term Evaluation Principles adopted by RVVI (Research, Development and Innovations Council). The new system will combine quantitative and qualitative evaluation of outputs and contributions of the creative activity of research institutions with clear and future oriented indicators in order to facilitate evaluation of their development dynamics, evaluate their outputs from the point of view of their quality, relevance, impact and effectiveness while respecting the departmental and institutional differences. It should enable periodic evaluation of the performance of Czech Research, Development and Innovation system as a whole and of its individual components in comparison with the global standards. The evaluation results should facilitate strategic management on the level of public administration as well as on the level of individual institutions and their departments. The evaluation process should be resistant to nepotism and should be supported by high quality international expert evaluators and bibliometrical criteria.
Slides: idr-465_1 -  PDF
Video: idr-465_2 -  MP4
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The variability of the distribution of pressure forces on the foot with coupling EMG
Semeráková, Nikola ; Kolářová, Jana (referee) ; Koťová, Markéta (advisor)
The bachelor work is focused on the distribution of pressure forces in the area of the foot with support from electromyography. Part of the work deals with the physiology of leg muscles and where the groups of muscles responsible for standing are defined. After that the thesis focuses on postural stability, the foot vault and biomechanical parameters. Additionally, there's the defining of the principles of electromyography and dynamic pavement. Furthermore, the thesis focused on describing how the data is processed, first from elektromyograph and then from dynamic pavement. Finally, there are outcomes from these devices, which are compared and evaluated,there are also partial parameters for electromyography and for the dynamic pavement.
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Dynamic Approximation of Digital Circuits
Jásenský, Michal ; Hrbáček, Radek (referee) ; Sekanina, Lukáš (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with design of a method based on cartesian genetic programming, which allows the evolutionary design of circuits capable of dynamic reconfiguration. The goal of reconfiguration is to dynamically change the number of used components and thereby to change the accuracy of calculation. In this thesis, implementation of the proposed method is described. The method is experimentally verified and demonstrated on several selected circuits.
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The Macroeconomic Analysis with DSGE Models
Průchová, Anna ; Zouhar, Jan (advisor) ; Formánek, Tomáš (referee)
Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models are derived from microeconomic principles and they retain the hypothesis of rational expectations under policy changes. Thus they are resistant to the Lucas critique. The DSGE model has become associated with new Keynesian thinking. The basic New Keynesian model is studied in this thesis. The three equations of this model are dynamic IS curve, Phillips-curve and monetary policy rule. Blanchard and Kahn's approach is introduced as the solution strategy for linearized model. Two methods for evaluating DSGE models are presented -- calibration and Bayesian estimation. Calibrated parametres are used to fit the model to Czech economy. The results of numeric experiments are compared with empricial data from Czech republic. DSGE model's suitability for monetary policy analysis is evaluated.
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Microalgal Growth Problem for the Photosynthetitc Factory and its Optimization: An Overview and Further Analysis
Čelikovský, Sergej
The overview of the micro-algal growth problem for the photosynthetic factory and its optimal control solution is presented here. First, the model description and its properties like Haldan steady state dynamics, light integration property and the forward invariance of the set of biologically well-de ned states are described. This shows that the model meets basic experimentally based requirements. Further, its optimal control problem is formulated and solved analytically for the one dimensional singular perturbation based reduction. Properties of the optimal control for the reduced model are discussed and compared with some experimental observations. Among them, the general biotechnological paradigm that on large time intervals the optimal solution is, in certain sense, almost constant, is substantiated. As a new original result of this paper, the explicit solvable di erentiable equation for the unsaturated part of the optimal control is derived.
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Dynamic Security Policy Enforcement on Android
Vančo, Matúš ; Malinka, Kamil (referee) ; Aron, Lukáš (advisor)
This work proposes the system for dynamic enforcement of access rights on Android. Each suspicious application can be repackaged by this system, so that the access to selected private data is restricted for the outer world. The system intercepts the system calls using Aurasium framework and adds an innovative approach of tracking the information flows from the privacy-sensitive sources using tainting mechanism without need of administrator rights. There has been designed file-level and data-level taint propagation and policy enforcement based on Android binder.
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