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Political aspects of local goverment. Elections and electoral behavior of citizens in the town of Nový Bydžov
Bieliková, Eva ; Kopřiva, Radek (advisor) ; Lenka, Lenka (referee)
The thesis addresses the issue of elections and electoral behavior of citizens in the town of Nový Bydžov. It is focused on assessment of factors that influence voting behavior of citizens in the town of Nový Bydžov. It describes the evolution of electoral behavior from 1994 to 2014 and verification of the applicability of the theory of electoral behavior for explanation of the electoral decision-making of the electorate in Nový Bydžov. The theoretical part addresses (describes) theoretical definition of areas that relate to the topic of the thesis. The practical part is a case study of Nový Bydžov. Subject of study is the town of Nový Bydžov, objects of study are the voters participating in the elections to the council of this city. To achieve the set goals (objectives) is recovered content of documents study (written records), a questionnaire survey, comparative methods and synthesis.
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Influence of meadow management on the migration behavior of selected species of butterflies
Bubová, Terezie ; Langrová, Iva (advisor) ; Farkač, Jan (referee)
Migrations are the key process and one of the basic biological features, which allow survival of endangered species in fragmented landscape. In the last decades, agriculture intensification, industry and urbanization caused that number of natural butterfly habitats has significantly decreased. The localities originally suitable for butterflies are currnetly converted to farmland or building plots. This PhD thesis aimed to find a compromise solution of meadow management, which should allow a commercial use and concurrently do not jeopardize the continued existence of endangered or threatened species. The main idea of this study was in the intentional emigration causing in the middle of flight period, which should lead into resettlement of the population to another (potentially more suitable) locality. Possibility of aimed manipulation with butterfly emigrations would be considered as a major breakthrough in their protection.
The investigated species Phengaris nausithous (Bergsträsser, 1779) and Phengaris teleius (Bergsträsser, 1779) are both considered to be flagship species for protection of European butterflies at open meadows. This study is based on research, which was carried out in 2013-2015 at 17 patch in localities Dolní Labe, Czech Republic. In above mentioned years, one selected meadow was mowed in the middle of flight season and the emigrations were then monitored using mark-release-recapture method. Results of population and migration characteristics were calculated in MARK 8.1 software. Subsequently, the effect of mowing on emigration (comparison of emigrations from the meadow before and after mowing) was evaluated using Statistica 13.
The hypotheses of this study were based on the assumption, that the loss of resources after well-timed mowing should increase the activity of adult butterflies. During the monitoring, number of emigrations was increased only in flight season 2015. Unfortunately, the statistical evaluation did not show significant effect of mowing on migrations. On the other hand, the hypothesis dealing with colonization of nearest meadows was confirmed.
Effect of intentional emigration caused by management interventions was unfortunately not proved. However, we found out, that even though the population at one mowed meadow decreased clearly, the metapopulation size at the locality remained more or less stable.
At investigated (mowed) meadow, there was observed a sharp decline of P. nausithous abundance. On the other hand, P. teleius population was only slightly reduced. It is therefore conceivable, that P. teleius are not as susceptible to innapropriate term of mowing. The results obtained in our research conclusively displayed no possible positive effect of mowing in the middle of flight season and a necessity of suitable management maintenance at localities inhabited by Phengaris butterflies.
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Cultural Centres
Adolfová, Barbora ; PROKOP, Petr (advisor) ; KAŠPAR, David (referee)
This thesis is concentrated on cultural centres built between years 1960 and 1990 in the former socialist Czechoslovakia. Six cultural centres have been chosen and analyzed to conclude the purposes they serve as well as the programs they offer. These chosen cultural centres are run as municipal organisations financed from the town budgets. The six towns where they are located are similar to each other in terms of their history, size and the time when their cultural centres were built. All of these centres share difficulties with the lack of cultural interest of local citizens, bad technical shape of the buildings in question and low budget.
The aim of this thesis is to compare the functioning of these six cultural centres and conclude whether being directly funded and influenced by the municipal councils has a positive impact and should serve as a model for cultural centres or should be replaced by a different one. It also focuses on cooperation between the management of cultural centres and municipal officials, cooperation with other local cultural institutions and cultural centres from different towns.
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Political competition in local governments and public procurement
Palguta, Ján
Municipalities in the Czech Republic manage 23.9% of the total public expenditure (approximately 10% of the GDP), with approximately half of these funds redistributed through public procurement. This is a very significant amount of public resources that should be given due attention. This analysis demonstrates that the composition of municipal governments significantly influences the process of public procurement. Our methodology allows to interpreting the estimated relationships as causal, rather than as mere correlations.
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Poliomyelitis and contemporary issues of its eradication
PETRÁŇOVÁ, Monika
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of the eradication of infectious polio and its current problems. Polio is a highly infectious disease of viral origin. The most effective form of protection from the disease is vaccination. The main aim of this work was to determine the major issues in polio surveillance in the Pilsen region at present. Intermediate goals were determined in relation to the main aim: to ascertain the awareness of practicing paediatricians about the principles of poliomyelitis surveillance with an emphasis on diagnosing and reporting cases of acute palsy and further to ascertain the quality of the cooperation between the locally competent public health authority and practicing paediatricians in the field of poliomyelitis surveillance. The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The practical part was elaborated using a qualitative method based on semi-structured interviews with practicing paediatricians and with the locally competent public health authority. The research was participated in by 9 practicing paediatricians and one public health authority worker from the Pilsen region, with an average length of practice of 20 years. The resulting data was then evaluated by a coding method and divided into schemes according to Švaříček and Šeďová (2007). Three research questions were defined based on the set aims: RQ1: What do practising paediatricians see as the prime problems in polio surveillance? RQ2: How many cases of acute palsy do practising paediatricians record and subsequently report to the competent public health authority? RQ3: What is the quality of the cooperation between practising paediatricians and the locally competent public health authority? The research revealed that, according to the practising paediatricians, the problem in poliomyelitis surveillance is refusal of the vaccination and the associated decreasing immunisation coverage of the population. The next most commonly reported problem was population migration. Furthermore, it was found that not one practising paediatrician recorded or reported cases of acute palsy in their surgery. Only one respondent encountered acute palsy 10 years ago. The answer to the last research question is also apparent from the information obtained. More than half of the respondents agreed that so far there is no cooperation on this issue. Although four respondents stated that the cooperation is at a high level and is of very good quality.
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Political aspects of local government – elections and voting behaviour of inhabitants of municipalities of Blovice city
Jan, Jaroslav ; Kopřiva, Radek (advisor)
Despite the transformation of party systems both at the national and sub-national political decision-making levels of politics, the hallmark of local political life of the municipality of Blovice city is a relative stability of the local party system. This fact is the basis of the Master thesis which aims to assess the nature of the electoral behavior of the local electorate in the elections to the municipal council with the ambition to evaluate the utility of the theory that is based on locally contextual interpretation. Partial objectives of the thesis that contribute to the main goal are the following: a description of the results of elections that are decisive for a development of the party system of Blovice city, a description of variables that underlie the permanent electoral support for the Civic Democratic Party (ODS) and the characteristics of electoral behavior of the local electorate. Thesis will be designed as a case study. A research will be based on voting decisions of electorate of Blovice city. The objects of the research will be the voters who participate in the elections to the municipal council and representatives of local politics and territorial autonomy. Value attitudes and voting behavior of voters will be assessed on the basis of data obtained by questionnaire. Electoral support of parties will be evaluated on the basis of data from unstructured interviews with local politicians (especially those from the party ODS). A local political life and in particular the election results will be described thanks to data published by the Czech Statistical Office (available on www.volby.cz).
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Political aspects of local government – elections and voting behaviour of inhabitants of municipalities of Blovice city
Jan, Jaroslav ; Kopřiva, Radek (advisor)
Despite the transformation of party systems both at the national and sub-national political decision-making levels of politics, the hallmark of local political life of the municipality of Blovice city is a relative stability of the local party system. This fact is the basis of the Master thesis which aims to assess the nature of the electoral behavior of the local electorate in the elections to the municipal council with the ambition to evaluate the utility of the theory that is based on locally contextual interpretation. Partial objectives of the thesis that contribute to the main goal are the following: a description of the results of elections that are decisive for a development of the party system of Blovice city, a description of variables that underlie the permanent electoral support for the Civic Democratic Party (ODS) and the characteristics of electoral behavior of the local electorate. Thesis will be designed as a case study. A research will be based on voting decisions of electorate of Blovice city. The objects of the research will be the voters who participate in the elections to the municipal council and representatives of local politics and territorial autonomy. Value attitudes and voting behavior of voters will be assessed on the basis of data obtained by questionnaire. Electoral support of parties will be evaluated on the basis of data from unstructured interviews with local politicians (especially those from the party ODS). A local political life and in particular the election results will be described thanks to data published by the Czech Statistical Office (available on www.volby.cz).
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Local Government and Public Life in the Municipality of Hostouň
Husak, Vladimír ; Čopík, Jan (advisor) ; Kobzev Kotásková, Sylvie (referee)
The bachelor thesis is dedicated to local government and community life in the village Hostouň. The goal is to characterize the local government, local organizations and their influence on public life in the village. The work is divided into two main parts.
The theoretical part defines the basic structure of public administration and lawful functioning of the local government.
The practical part describes the basic characteristics of the village. Attention is paid to the historical, cultural, demographic and sociological characteristics of the village. Municipal elections and financial characteristics of the village are also being addressed. Last but not least it also deals with the social and political life in the village, in which the local associations play a big role.
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Fish population on the river Dyje at NP Podyjí
Štrunc, David ; Kalous, Lukáš (advisor) ; Kuříková, Pavlína (referee)
This thesis is focused on changes of fish populations in the river Dyje located at the national park Podyjí. These changes are caused mostly due to presence of two large dams (Znojemská and Vranovská dam) between which w the study locality is situated. There are also other factors affecting ichtyofauna composition as piscivorous predators, non-native species or restocking of particular target species. First information about the fish populations appeared in year 1921. In that years, the locality contained species, that are not present at the river site at the moment. Examples given: sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus) and danube salmon (Hucho hucho). These species extincions were associated with interupted fish migration between locality and Donau river basin. On the other hand, new fish pecies (that are not-native to Czech Republic and were not observed before 1921) started to appear during following years. From the former fish population of type Barbus-Chondrostoma the type changed to Salmo-Thymallus. Most of this change was caused by regular restocking of the salmonids. Since 1993 there is evidence on new presence of tolerant fish species that do not necesarilly need cold, flowing water. There is high probability, that this appearance is caused by slowing down the river stream and also the heating of the water, that takes place in the dam.
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Importance of local entrepreneurship in the field of sport and culture for regional development
Ungermann, Daniel ; Jansa, Viktor (advisor) ; Korcová, Renata (referee)
My Bachelor´s thesis tackles the problematics of regional development. In the first chapters of my thesis, there are definitions of terms which are closely linked to the problematics. The chapters include terms such as regional policy, regional development and the development of the country which are mainly aimed at improving the citizens´ quality of life which is tightly connected to the development of social togetherness. Social togetherness enables the growth of social and political stability. In the following chapters you find legislative modification concerning regional policy, the method of community and country development and a detailed analysis of culture and sport as factors affecting the region´s growth. The practical part of my thesis analyses the situation in Ruda nad Moravou, specifically, its swimming area which is very important for the community as well as the region. The aim of my work is the characteristics of the business activities mainly in the sports area, its legal and economic problems and also its regional impact. The method of description and the method of quantitative analysis in the form of questionnaire field study are used in the practical part of the thesis. The aim of the methods is to gain enough information on individual drawbacks and problems linked with both the region and the swimming area mentioned above. A suitable solution will be suggested after detecting the problems. The solution should make the swimming area more profitable which will contribute to the development of the whole region.
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