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Statistical analysis of unemployment development
Sirota, Alex ; Svatošová, Libuše (advisor) ; Jaroslav, Jaroslav (referee)
Individual chapters of the theoretical part of diploma thesis entitled Statistical analysis of unemployment familiarization deal with the issue of unemployment,with the issue of time series analysis and with the creation of the unemployment rate prediction. Furtherwork focuses on familiarization with the problems of multidimensional statistical methods, namely cluster analysis.
The practical part of the thesis focuses on the analysis of current developments in the unemployment rate in the Czech Republic as a whole and subsequently in all 14 regions of the Czech Republic in the years 1993 to 2014. Subsequently, in each of the aforementioned territorial units conducted short-term predictions of the unemployment rate for the years 2015and 2016. These predictions are made based on the best model according to Box-Jenkins method. The unemployment rate is further examined in terms of the number of unemployed by age and educational background.
The full analysis is based on the relevant annual data from the Czech Statistical Office. For the purpose of cluster analysis are also used data broken down by the districts of the Czech Republic. Prognosis of the unemployment rate are created in the statistical software Eviews and Cluster Analysis in SPSS Statistics.
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Development of legislation for persons with disabilities (longitudinal study)
SUMERAUER, Vít
This diploma thesis in the theoretical part deals with the monitoring of the development of legislation for people with disabilities. The aim is to analyze the developmental context in a selected historical period. The research part of the work is focused on the monitoring of the state of knowledge of students of different Departaments of Health and Social Studies and the Faculty of Education JU in České Budějovice. Total of 264 students from the educational and social field of studies, which have in their educational program included subjects dealing with the issue of disability, took part in the research. An essential tool for the practical survey was practitioner 's own questionnaire, recorded data were analysed and evaluated by using simple statistics. Stated hypothesis no. 1 was confirmed. Professional hypothesis no 2 was not confirmed nor denied. Results section is discussed in detail and concluded with viable recommendations into practice.
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Life expectancy , the most common cause of death and illness small dog breeds
Kindlová, Iveta ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Jana, Jana (referee)
The dog was domesticated approximately 15,000 years ago. We can find large number of breeds of various sizes, types and colours. Small dogs plays an important role in some cultures, religion or society. Most of them were bred in order to meet specific need. Among small breeds of dogs we find bold and hardy terriers, intelligent and funny poodles and bichon or hunting dogs. Durring the domestication of dogs enormous genetic pressure was developed and it was reflected in the health of dogs.
The aim of thesis was to find out the average life expectancy of small dog breeds and to reveal the most frequent diseases and causes of death. Data were obtained from 441 individuals of different purebred dogs with pedigree, 196 males and 245 females. Data of the health profile of individuals came from the Czech Republic and from abroad. The total life expectancy, life expectancy by gender and breeds, death causes, incidence of the disease during life, or whether castration effected life expectancy were assessed.
It was found that the life expectancy of small breed dogs is 11.8 years. The average age of males and females were differed by about three months. The females lived longer. Statistically significant difference was not found. Quite a lot of individuals (45%) were castrated. Statistically significant differences were confirmed between castrated and uncastrated bitches. Neutered bitches lived for about one and a half year longer.
The most common cause of death of small dog breeds became overall age (34.6%). The second one was cancer (26.3%).
Two hypotheses were set. The first hypothesis assumes that females of small breed dogs live longer than males. This hypothesis was not confirmed. The second hypothesis was that one of the predisposing factors for longevity is a long time exposure of the ovary in the body. Neutered bitches up to 8 years of life and uncastrated females live longer than females neutered before (under the age of 5). This hypothesis has not also been confirmed. It was confirmed, that there is a statistically significant difference between castrated and uncastrated females, regardless of the age of castration. Neutered bitches lived for about one and a half years longer. Further, statistically significant differences between castrated and uncastrated females within the breed were confirmed. For Scottish Terrier breed neutered bitches survived for about five years longer than uncastrated females.
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Statistical analysis of the incoming tourism development in the Czech Republic and its prospects
Hrdličková, Romana ; Prášilová, Marie (advisor) ; Macháček, Otakar (referee)
This thesis deals with the development of incoming tourism in the Czech Republic. Monitoring of the development of incoming tourism is focused on the period 2005-2015. Obtained data from the Czech Statistical Office and the Ministry for Regional Development were further statistically processed using time series. A part of this work is the analysis of tourism, concretely comparing the number of collective accommodation establishments, participation of non-residents in these facilities both in the Czech Republic and individual regions, focus on the choice of accommodation units by category and the level of the building, participation of seasonal tourists and the influence of tourism on the economy of the state. The work especially focuses on the ratio of tourism in the country's GDP and its annual changes. In the given indicators the attention is also subsequently focused on possible recommendations to improve specific issues that might lead in the future to the fact, that the data will not differ so much in individual seasons.
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Mezinárodní statistické standardy pro sektor vládních institucí
Valentová Půlpánová, Lenka ; Hronová, Stanislava (advisor) ; Hindls, Richard (referee) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
The analysis of the government sector gained prominence after the World War II as the Keynesian theory attributed the government sector key importance in battling economic cycle and the post-war reconstruction and development involved state interventions on a large scale. In 1990s a strength-ened interest in the government sector was triggered by the need to coordinate fiscal policies and closely monitor fiscal health in the countries forming the Economic and Monetary Union. Finally, in the context of the recent global economic crisis, the government sector returned to the centre of the economic policy debate as fiscal policy was used as a main tool to fight the economic recession and subsequently sustainability of government finances became a pressing issue for many countries around the Globe. Increasing importance of the fiscal analysis and fiscal policymaking always generated and continues to generate demand for appropriate statistical data. The international statistical standards played a key role in meeting these requirements. This dissertation offers a comprehensive historical overview, a comparative analysis and evaluation of main internationally recognised statistical standards dealing with the government sector produced by the United Nations, the OECD, the European Communities (Eurostat), the IMF and the European Central Bank. It covers a period since the first international guidelines in late 1940s up to present. It analyses evolution of the statistical treatment of the government sector including its historical roots and gradual revisions and extensions to reflect changing needs and shifts in economic environment. The study compares individual standards with each other and across time and points out differences in basic definitions, concepts and classifications, the institutional coverage of the government sector, structure of government accounts and balancing items, integration of flow accounts with balance sheets and consolidation of transactions or stocks. The dissertation shows that the international statistical standards were successful in offering common statistical guidance, recommendations and best practices. The international organizations have proven to be well suited to deliver widely acknowledged standards. Their cooperation with national statistical agencies and engagement of the most competent experts in the field contributed to building credibility of these statistical systems, if properly applied. The comparative analysis also demonstrates a clear long-term effort of the international statistical community to enhance international harmonization. The application of the international statistical standards also improved quality and availability of government statistics as individual countries are in principle bound -- through their memberships in the international organizations -- to compile agreed data on the basis of a common methodology. This was in particular the case for EU countries for which provision of statistical data according to a given standard is legally binding, as the data are relevant for budgetary and surveillance procedures. As a special case, the history since early 1990s and current situation of statistics on the government sector in the Czech Republic is presented.
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Who borrows and who may not repay?
Bičáková, Alena ; Prelcová, Zuzana ; Pašaličová, Renata
In this paper writers use Household Budget Survey data to analyze the evolution of the household credit market in the Czech Republic over the period 2000–2008. They next merge our data with the Statistics on Income and Living Conditions in 2005–2008, which contain direct information on repayment behavior, in order to test the validity of the standard debt burden measure as a predictor of default.
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The effect of child’s oncological disease on parent’s quality of life
Slezáčková, Alena ; Blatný, Marek ; Kepák, T.
We analyzed the impact of child’s oncological disease on parent’s quality of life (QoL). 120 parents of childhood cancer survivors 2 to 9 years after the treatment entered the study within 2006-2009. We used free responses method for description and subjective evaluation of positive and negative influence of child’s illness on particular domains of family life. Content analysis was used for analyzing the statements. Main positive and negative impacts of child’s illness on parent’s QoL were identified. Basic domains of posttraumatic growth PTG (changed self-perception , new possibilities, changes in interpersonal relations and spirituality, greater respect for life) and their bio-psycho-social determinants were distinguished. Statistically significant relations with the predominance of given positive aspects over negative ones were determined with respect to respondents’ age, time lapsed from the completion of active treatment and seriousness of late effects of child’s treatment.
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Preparedness of the Czech Republic for Pandemic Flu
JURZYKOWSKÁ, Lucie
Influenza illness occures masively in human population for centuries. Influenza is an acute disorder of viral origin. Currently influenza can be found all over the world. The viruses of influenza are circulating continously in all continents not only in the human population, but in animals too. Every year the population is affected by the seasonal epidemic of different magnitude. Influenza illness pose an important medical, social and economical problem. Next to the seasonal outbreaks occuring every year the influenza pandemic can appear after several tens of years. The pandemic of influenza would mean spread all over the world and it is caused by the new variant of the influenza virus. In past the influenza pandemics caused mortality of millions of people all over the world, high economical losses and social collapse of the states in the history. That´s why the particular states prepare their national pandemic plans. The early preparedness for possible influenza pandemic elaborated in the national pandemic plans and the measures following from the plans constitute a tool for reduction of extent, impact and outcomes of pandemic. The quality of preparedness can influence the economical functions of states, medical impacts of illness and final number of the victims. The aim of the dissertation is to compare the proposed measures responding to the influenza pandemic arising from the national pandemic plans of the Czech and Slovak Republic, to ascertain the state of preparedness to the influenza pandemic following from the pandemic plan of the Czech Republic and the situation in awareness of the civil population about the influenza pandemic in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part of the dissertation is focused on the epidemiological characteristic of the influenza illness. In the sphere of interest the issue of influenza pandemics is explained in terms of their history and the next field of the dissertation is focused on the pandemic plans. The research part of the dissertation is focused on the solution to the given research questions. Two research questions were specified to accomplish the defined aim: What are the differences between the approaches and measures in the pandemic plans of the Czech and Slovak Republic? What is the knowledge and awareness of civil population about the influenza pandemic in the Czech Republic? Regarding the issue the methodology the first research question included analysis of the content of the pandemic plans of the Czech and Slovak Republic and performance of the Checklist method in order to obtain an overview on approach, procedures and standard of preparedness in the territory of both states and possibilities their reciprocal comparison. Under the second research question the awareness and knowledge of the civil population about the pandemic influenza in the Czech Republic was investigated. For acquiring the data of researching study there was used The method of quantitative research was used to acquire the data for the research survey. The form of twenty questions was created. The first part of the questionnaire was focused on the general knowledge about influenza and the second part on the influenza pandemic and related measures. The respondents chose from the answers defined in advance. There wasn´t used the random sampling of the respondents. Fifty respondents from the non-representative sample filled out the form for acquiring the basic knowledge and finding out theoretical information about the influenza pandemic. Subsequently the statistical analysis was made from the obtained data using the methods of descriptive and mathematic statistic. It follows from the analysing results that the knowledge about the influenza illness and influenza pandemic exists among the civil population which means the laic public, but they are the lower extent and do not correspond to the normal frequency distribution.
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Knowledge of members of the emergency services of South Bohemia about issue of Disaster Medicine and mass disasters.
VAŇATA, David
Mass accidents and catastrophes do not occur on a daily scale, they occur irregularly and unpredictably and always have devastating consequences that negatively affect the society or nature. They are usually accompanied by a large number of casualties or damage whose removal cannot be managed using usual local means. To cope with such events, it is necessary to have a professionally trained staff in the Integrated Rescue System and an appropriate coordination of rescue and liquidation. In recent years, there has been an increase of such incidents which have resulted in a mass disability of people. The events of recent days have brought a series of terrorist acts, for example in Paris or Brusselles, of suicide bombings that claimed 130 dead and numerous wounded. These acts, which are associated with the current migration crisis on the European continent, cause considerable tension in the society and evoke questions like whether the readiness of IRS to eliminate the consequences of such events is sufficient. Due to these facts, the thesis tries to find out what knowledge the members of the emergency medical service in South Bohemia have on the issue of disaster medicine and mass accidents. The theoretical part of the thesis titled Knowledge of the Members of the Emergency Medical Service in SB on Disaster Medicine and Mass Accidents defines disaster medicine and all tasks and subjects it deals with. It also mentions the Integrated Rescue System including its basic and other components, its powers and organizational structure resulting from the legislation. Furthermore, it describes the security system and planning, specifically crisis and emergency planning, up to the individual partial plans related to this issue. Finally, the thesis deals with the organization of emergencies with a mass disability of people and a detailed procedure of medical emergency regarding the sorting and evacuation of the wounded. The aim of this thesis is to map the knowledge of the members of the emergency medical service in SB, which concern the issue of disaster medicine and mass accidents, where the level of knowledge is later analyzed to confirm or disprove the hypothesis that the knowledge of the SB IRS members corresponds with a normal distribution frequency. The practical part uses a quantitative method based on questionnaires completed anonymously, where 50 questionnaires were selected randomly as a statistical set. The survey focuses on a group of emergency workers in South Bohemia. The meetings with them were organized during previous practical studies. The results of the survey were analyzed using statistical investigation. The statistical investigation used the methods of scaling, measurement of the absolute, relative and cumulative frequency. Later on, the empirical parametres used for non-parametric testing were counted. The results of this pilot study indicate the current state of the knowledge of the SB IRS members on disaster medicine and mass accidents. The thesis will be a beneficial study material for current and future paramedics and students of the field of population protection.
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Knowledge of secondary school students in first aid in the region of Pribram
MARKOVÁ, Iveta
This thesis deals with the knowledge of high school students in providing first aid in the Příbram region. Providing first aid to the injured and saving their lives or health is a legal and moral obligation of all of us. There are many incidents that can cause serious or light injury. We should know the possible dangers, know how to act, and be able to provide first aid both to ourselves, to our closest, but to others as well. It is therefore necessary that the public is sufficiently educated in first aid so as to be able to respond adequately. In the Czech Republic it is necessary to include the subject of first aid into the school curriculum. Currently, however, neither teacher training in first aid is conceptually solved though the current legislation and related regulations generally prescribe training in first aid as an obligation for schools. Yet there are no specific standards or recommendations. The theoretical part of this thesis deals with the topic of first aid, with the high school educational system and the education of teachers. Subsequently, we present the integrated rescue system, basic first aid terminology, sudden severe illnesses and the care for the injured. An integral part of the chapter is a brief description of selected statistical methods. Through basic mathematical operations, descriptive statistics, and the use of tables and graphs, the theoretical part gives an account and summary of large amounts of data. Descriptive statistics is followed by mathematical statistics. It includes a nonparametric and parametric testing. In this thesis we have set the objective of determining the degree of knowledge and skills of Příbram region high school students in providing first aid and of comparing the skills and knowledge of health students and students of different study programs. We have set two hypotheses: H1: "More than 2/3 of all surveyed high school students in Příbram region will score more than 50% of correct answers on the survey," and H2: "health profession students will achieve better results on this survey than students of other disciplines." In order to achieve the defined objectives and to verify the hypotheses we have compiled a questionnaire focusing on the area of first aid, carried out a questionnaire survey, and conducted statistical surveys using descriptive and mathematical statistics. The questionnaire consisted of closed questions. Three questions were of generally informative character and twenty questions focused particularly on the problems of first aid. There were four response options to the questions focused on first aid, only one of which was correct. By a random selection we picked out four out of fourteen secondary schools and the High School of Nursing and College of Health Příbram, hereinafter SZŠ. The project involved 295 students, a total of 154 girls and 141 boys, specifically 147 SZŠ students and 148 students from other high schools. The selective statistical sample consisted of 100 students of SZŠ and 100 students from other high schools. The questionnaire survey covered the period from March to May 2015. From the survey results it is clear that the surveyed knowledge is slightly above average in SZŠ students and reaches the average level in students of other high schools in Příbram region. The arithmetic average of the SZŠ students was 16 points out of 20 and only 13 of 20 points in students from other high schools. Only 13% of students achieved less than 50% of the correct answers. The results of the survey show that the objectives of the thesis were met and both hypotheses were confirmed. Nonetheless, a question arises: "Are the teachers adequately trained in first aid?" The answer follows from the incorrect answers of students. The results of the survey have been provided to the participating high schools which then could focus on potential problems in the area of first aid and their curriculum.
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