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Monitoring methods in cardiovascular disease from the nurses point of view
PROCHÁZKOVÁ, Anna
Theoretical basis: This thesis briefly describes the current status of cardiology and diagnostic methods conducted in this area. For diagnose of heart disease are used many diagnostic metods. Such as anamnesis , physical examination. Which include, view, palpation, percussion and auscultation. Diagnostic methods can be divided into invasive and non-invasive. Invasive methods measures central blood pressure, heart catheterization, coronary angiography and electrophysiological testing. Between noninvasive methods are include blood pressure monitors, ECG, echocardiography, tilt table test, stress test and X-ray examinations. The aim of the thesis: In the empirical part of this work are conducted interviews with nurses working at the Cardiological Department in selected South Bohemian hospitals. The goal of the research was to find out which methods are used by nurses in ECG and complications that nurses know the context of the implementation coronarographic examination. Methodology: The research survey has revealed the specifics of nursing care in coronary examinations and methods which nurses perform during an ECG. The research was conducted through qualitative based on interviews with nurses. The interview contained twenty-two issues that were focused on Coronary and ECG. Inteviews were recorded on an electronic recorder after permission nurses. During the interviews, I took notes on paper. All interviews were then transferred to Microsoft Office Word. Before starting the interviews, had been sent a request for approval in writing to head nurse in selected South Bohemian hospitals. Before beginning the interviews I've printed out twenty-two questions prepared in advance. Questions were divided into three categories. The identification part, the part concerning examination and coronarographic part focused on an ECG. Results: The interview shows that nurses from cardiology department know the basic complications which may be invoked in connection with the examination of the coronary. The most common complication which could nurses experience is pain, hematoma and bleeding. Nurses don´t offten meet with less frequent complications, although they know these complications. Nurses know what to follow in order to avoid complications. Nurses are aware that proper preparation of the patient for testing and subsequently monitoring the patient's condition after the examination can prevent complications. Nurses also warn patients to avoid straining of their limb. The research shows that for nurses is ECG well known and is conducted several times a day. For the examination nurses are preparing EKG machine, water or gel, wipes, disinfecting apparatus, and gloves. Some nurses also prepares disposable razor. Conclusion: This thesis should more extend overview about diagnostics metods of cardiovascular system. I also strive to make diagnostic methods more well-known for nurses outside the cardiology department. In cardiology is constantly improving the quality of diagnostics methods and prognosis of patients is still improving. I hope that my work will bring quality and complete summary of the investigative methods in cardiology and becomes a learning tool for someone else.
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Physiotherapeutic Techniques in Shoulder Joint Instability using Kinesio Taping Method
PELEŠKOVÁ, Michaela
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of physiotherapeutic techniques in shoulder joint instability using the Kinesio Taping Method. It is divided into two parts. In the first theoretical part you can find a chapter dealing with anatomy of the shoulder, biomechanics, kinesiology and instability itself, its types, possible causes, symptoms and treatment including the possibility of conservative as well as operative therapies. The second practical part focuses on various examinations, methods that can be used. There are also the results of the qualitative research which was based on casuistries. I examined four patients at the age range from 21 to 30. The patients underwent an in-and-out kinesiological analysis, a therapy where I tried to find suitable methods for stabilization of the shoulder joint. I also made a long term rehabilitation plan. The first goal of my thesis was to verify the effects of the chosen physiotherapy. The second goal was to prove the suitability of the therapeutic method Kinesio? Taping into therapy. The question of the research was if the planned therapy can improve the shoulder joint instability in case of the chosen patients. Improvement was reached in all cases, however it was not striking. The biggest factor was the cooperation during the therapy, especially the excercises at home. Each person preferred different exercises and different types of Kinesio Taping methods. This thesis can be used in the physiotherapeutic practices and as educational material for patients switch this diagnosis.
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Myasthenia gravis from the perspective of a nurse.
FEJERČÁKOVÁ, Monika
Bachelor thesis deals with the issue of autoimmune disease Myasthenia gravis. It focuses mainly on nursing care from a nurse'spoint of view. Thesis describes diseases, clinical symptoms of Myasthenia gravis, prognosis, treatment and nursing process in patients with Myasthenia gravis. A very important part of my work is the look and role of the nurse. The aim of the work was to find out the nurses' view of Myasthenia gravis. For qualitative survey was chosen using the semi-structured interview method. The research group was made up of nurses from neurological departments of selected hospitals. The method chosen was interrogation and deep interviewing, in the presence of one interviewer per participant. The analysis of the acquired data was carried out using the hand coding method. The results of the bachelor thesis confirmed the necessity of organizing seminars and lectures on Myasthenia gravis, because the interviewed nurses did not have specialized information about the disease. We also recommend that a standard of nursing care for patients with Myasthenia gravis is developed at each department of neurology. A very important part is also the education of patients. Benefits of thesis results in improving nursing care for patients with Myasthenia gravis, based on organized seminars, education and development of standards in the Department of Neurology.
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The specifics of the work of nurse at the department of nuclear medicine
JONSZTOVÁ, Lucie
Nuclear medicine is a medical discipline, that deals with investigational and treatment methods, used by open radioactive emitters - known as radiopharmaceuticals. At present, the methods of nuclear medicine are very used and constantly developing. This bachelor's thesis is divided into a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part of the work contains the requirements for knowledge of nurses working at the nuclear medicine ward. This section discusses particularly the ionizing radiation, its biological effects, methods of nuclear medicine and, of course, radiopharmaceuticals. In this part are mentioned also the educational opportunities for nurses, which are focused mainly on postgraduate education. An important part of the nurse's work is the protection against the ionizing radiation, in this work we consider the protection of nurses and patients. In the last segment are described the most common procedures of examination and some techniques of treatment in nuclear medicine. The empirical piece of work has been processed through a qualitative approach by the help of a semi-structured interview. The interviews were conducted with nurses working at the department of nuclear medicine. The informations obtained from the nurses were analyzed and subsequently categorized. In the context of the exploratory research, was set the goal - to map the specifics of the nurse's work at the department of nuclear medicine. The results of the research survey showed, what are the specifics of the nurse's work at the nuclear medicine's department. Among the specifics of the nurse's work belongs especially theoretical knowledge, the machine operating, the preparation for actual examination and its execution, providing informations and the associated protection from ionizing radiation. The results also pointed to the lack of opportunities nurses have for education in the area of nuclear medicine and told of their satisfaction from working at this department.
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Renal pathology and diagnostic methods
Špiková, Andrea ; Fikrová, Petra (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
Spikova Andrea Renal pathology and diagnostic methods Bachelor thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Field of study: Medical Laboratory Technician This thesis is focused on diagnostic methods in various renal diseases. The first part is devoted to the anatomy and physiology of the kidney, where is outlined how look and operate various parts of kidneys and also the whole organ. Next part si composed of analysis of the urine, where is described chemical analysis with test strip, when the colore change of indicator of zones subtracted result according to the color scale on the container tube. Nowadays are two types of devices for reading the diagnostic strips on the market. Basic reflex photometer operated by person or fully automatic one. Further part describe the examination of urinary sediment using light microscopy or phase contrast microscopy. In modern biochemical laboratories urinary sediment is investigated using flow cytometry or digital capture particles. The last part is devoted to imaging methods and renal biopsy, to their description, indications and pa comparison with another method. Imaging methods include ultrasonography, native image renal, excretory urography, ascendent ureter/pyelography, computed tomography, multidetector computed tomography,...
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Nursing care of the patient with ischemic heart disease
Šedová, Lenka ; Heřmanová, Jana (advisor) ; Jirásek, Vít (referee)
Autor práce: Lenka Šedová Vedoucí práce: Mgr. Jana Heřmanová Odborný konzultant: MUDr. Vít Jirásek Téma práce: A Nursing Care of the Patient with Diagnosis Coronary Artery Disease after Surgery Abstract: The aim of the work is to report on the case of a 79-year-old patient after cardiac surgical intervention. The surgery was indicated for coronary artery disease. The clinical part deals with the characteristics and stages of ACD. It also deals with the diagnosis and treatments of UP (unstable angina). The next part describes the patient's hospitalization. The last part describes the palliative care of this patient, his psychological rehabilitation and his return to daily life. The nursing history is formulated according to the theory of Virginie Henderson. An important role in the reduction of complications is the education of patient. Key words: ACD, UA, nursing proces, Henderson's theory, aortocoronary bypass, Warfarin, methods of invstigation, self-sufficiency, self-care
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Determining the most common functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system of primary school children, particularly in the 1st and 2nd grade at elementary schools in Strakonice
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Veronika
In summary of findings we first address problems of correct and poor posture. We present methods how to easily detect function disorders of locomotive system, their basic characteristics, and how to compensate such disorders, or how to prevent them completely. The research focuses on determination of the most common function disorders in children of young school age. Total of 384 children from 1st and 2nd grades of all elementary schools in Strakonice participated in the survey. The following methods were chosen evalutation of posture according to Jaroš and Lomíček, which disclosed that the most common function disorders apply to lower limbs. Testing according to Matthias showed that 33 % of children suffer from poor posture. The research includes a questionaire, which helped us to find out that poor posture occurs less frequently in children who pursue physical activities.
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