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The effect of toxicity and othet parameters of substrate on plant growth in post mining sites.
Zadinová, Radka ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Kočí, Vladimír (referee)
Surface mining of coal in the country leaves a lot of damage. This type of mining is characterized by the creation of large external dumps. The dumps often contain substrates with toxic substances or substances which become toxic after reaction with air. These substrates are toxic to plants and edaphon. This work is intended to show what properties of substrates are important for phytotoxicity. The location of research was selected including 3 different kinds of substrates, terrain unevenness and a lagoon in the middle. Coordinate grid has been created on the selected location. At each point a test was conducted with plant Sinapis alba and biomass was extracted from a naturally growing vegetation. Further, at the points substrates were collected and values of pH, conductivity and arsenic were measured. Test with plant Sinapis alba was repeated in the laboratory conditions as well. On site GPS coordinates were measured for the mathematical model created in ArcGIS. Experiment has shown the importance of the type of substrate and the geologic description, and then the association between dejection, value of pH and conductivity. Conductivity and pH levels also correlate with the germination Sinapis alba and biomass of naturally growing vegetation.
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Factors influencing the distribution of European Beech (Fagus silvatica) on the post mining spoil heap
Vobořilová, Veronika ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (referee)
In this thesis the influence of existing vegetation, the distance from the north border of the spoil heap, animal grazing, terrain bumpiness, and soil pH on the distribution and rooting of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica) at spoil heap Velká podkrušnohorská výsypka (50ř14'09 N, 12ř39'05 E) was examined. To accomplish this, beech seedlings within chosen areas overgrown by spontaneous succession or alder restoration were mapped using GPS. A rooting position on the wave-like terrain was recorded for a proportion of the total number of seedlings. Soil pH was also measured on the wave-like terrain. The majority of seedlings (183) were found at the succession sites; only one seedling was found in the alder restoration site. The GLM analysis proved significantly more seedlings in succession sites compared to alder restoration sites (p = 0.0169) and the negative dependence on distance from the north border of the heap (p < 0.0001). Within the wave-like terrain, 46% of seedlings were growing on the north slopes. In 2009, small seedlings were planted into the fresh restoration site and the adjacent succession site, in both cases inside the fencing and outside of it. The seedlings were growing significantly better in the succession site compared to the restoration site, and they were growing better inside the...
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The effect of artificial weathering on overburden properties
Zadinová, Radka ; Bartuška, Martin (referee) ; Frouz, Jan (advisor)
Surface mining of coal cause massive changes of landscape. Dumps, heaps and tailings created vast areas in post mining landscape. Soil formation is influenced by the weathering process. Sample-the most common substrates have been subject of accelerated weathering. Samples were watered by distilled water, left to soak in, then froze, thaw and dried. This cycle was repeated twenty times. Before the experiment and after experiment pH, conductivity, organic matter loss on ignition, grain size and water absorption were measured. Before and after the experiment were tested for toxicity to plants using yellow mustard seeds (Sinapis alba). Accelerated weathering showed the possible development of weathering spoil substrates over time namely shift of pH towards neutral value, and increase in water holding capacity, despite of this no changes in plant toxicity in toxic substrates were found.
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Assessment of Present Condition of Forestry Recultivated Dump of Company ČLZ Nové Strašecí from Point of View on Creation of Anthropogenic Soil.
Semanová, Soňa ; Sixta, Jan (advisor) ; Vít, Vít (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of condition of taken forestry reclamation on the outer overburden dump in open-cast quarry of ČLUZ company. The reclamation is evaluated mainly from the point of view of presence and thickness of A0 humus horizon of anthropogenic soil and it also deals with the present condition of forestry reclamation taken on a plateau of overburden dump Babín. The present condition is evaluated on the basis of reclamation generel study which was taken in 1995 by professor Jonáš. The final evaluation of condition of forestry reclamation was carried out on the basis of comparison of vegetation state on the plateau of overburden dump and vegetation in Mšecké Žehrovice cadastral area.
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Small terrestrial mammals as an indicator of the restoration Sokolov area after coal mining
Červená, Lucie ; Kouba, Marek (advisor) ; Markéta, Markéta (referee)
Aim of this paper was to describe the diversity of small terrestrial mammals on selected habitats of Velka podkrusnohorska spoil heap and surrounded areas. Between years 2013 2015 there was realized seven catching on the twenty seven study sites. In every year we repeated a catches in spring and autumn period. The selected habitats were: wetlands, meadows, pine forests, oak forests and successional forests. As a capture method was chose standard line method with usage of snap traps. The obtained data were statically analysed by the R program and the diversity was compared based on the Shannon-Wiener index of diversity. We compared abundance and diversity between spoil heap study sites and surrounding study sites, which were situated out of the Velka podkrusnohorska spoil heap and was sign as control sites. We chose three study sites of every habitat situated on spoil heap and another three sites of every habitat situated out of the spoil heap (control sites). In total we caught 720 small terrestrial mammals of ted species: Crocidura leucodon, Crocidura suaveolens, Microtus arvalis, Microtus agrestis, Mus domesticus, Apodemus sylvaticus, Apodemus flavicollis, Myodes glareolus, Sorex araneus and Sorex minutus.
The highest diversity was on the four wetlands sites which three of them were situated on the spoil heap. The highest abundance was at the meadow site Matyas which was situated on the spoil heap. In the overall assessment of the abundance and diversity of communities of small terrestrial mammals was confirmed equality of spoil heap sites and control sites. In the assessment of abundance and diversity of individual habitats was confirmed equality of spoil heal sites and control sites. Exception was abundance between forests spoil heap sites and control sites, where the equality of abundance was rejected because of higher abundance of control sites. We decide to compare technically restored sites and sites using managed successions on the spoil heap. The diversity of technically restored pine forests and successional forest was confirmed but the equality of abundance of these sites was rejected because of the higher abundance of successional forests. The equality of diversity and abundance of technically restored oak forests and successional forests was rejected because successional forests had higher both of these values.
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Mapping of the Basic Characteristics of Anthropogenic Soil on Dumps in Sokolov Coal Basin
Žižka, Jan ; Sixta, Jan (advisor) ; Konstantin, Konstantin (referee)
This thesis deals with the processing and comparing information on the thickness of A0 horizon (humus mulch) forming anthropogenic soils in forestry reclamation Sokolov brown coal basin. Comparison of data found in Bažantnice Bohemie reclaimed forestry in 1923 with newer areas of forestry reclamation dumps Velký Riesl, Dvory, Gustav and data from previous studies on the Velká podkrušnohorská výsypka.
This thesis deals with finding major differences, especially power, humus horizons A0, depending on the time of the establishment of forest reclamation and the reclamation age of trees. To unify and minimize variables are all shallow pits removed under alder sticky.
Based on field research was collected from each of five shallow soil probes on each of the dumps. Probes were taken evenly over the surface of the dump and always under identical reclamation trees. Were identified basic characteristics of humus horizon A0 and the individual probes was a proper photographs. Based on removing shallow soil pits were identified basic characteristics of humus horizon A0. The test was conducted in the laboratory granularity to better implement the results of the work in the coming years.
Identified the basic characteristics of humus layers A0 are mutually compared and evaluated basic statistical methods. From the data obtained were created layers in ArcGIS, which were interpreted in this thesis and stored on a data carrier, mainly because of their possible use for further research needs in the coming years.
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Evaluation of quality and the renewal of surface water in the area affected by surface coal mining.
VLÁŠEK, Ondřej
The aim of the study was to evaluate the parameters of quality and renewal of surface water in the area affected by surface brown-coal mining. Selected streams were monitored on the Great pokrusnohorska dump, and streams unaffected by dumps. Values of pH, conductivity, alkalinity, oxygen saturation and temperature were measured, and quantitative and qualitative samples of macrozoobethos were taken too. The dump?s water are characterized by high concentrations of dissolved solids and alkalinity. Species diverzity of these waters is lower and is affected not only by chemical compositon of the water, but also by the character of the bottom substrate.
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The evaluation of actual conditions of Mostecko region
RADOŠOVÁ, Tereza
The work is engageded in comparison of flora in both recultivated and areas under succesion in Most coal basin. The mapped areas are situated not far from the towns Most and Duchcov. The coalmining and following recultivation have been handed down there for many years. The first reference to coalmining in Most region comes back to 1613. All kinds of these days mining devastate the landscape, that?s why the restoration of it must be done. The aim of the work is to find out and evaluate the latest vegetation composition in he selected areas, to classify territories according to Catalogue of biotopes, and to carry out the contemporary conditions of landscape character in Most region.
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Rekultivace a management nepřírodních biotopů v České republice
Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, Praha ; Geologický ústav AV ČR, v. v. i., Praha ; Ústav pro ekopolitiku, o.p.s., Praha ; Zavadil, Vít ; Volf, Ondřej ; Starý, Josef ; Straka, Jakub ; Sádlo, Jiří ; Rambousek, Petr ; Přikryl, Ivo ; Lepšová, Anna ; Godány, Josef ; Frouz, Jan ; Farkač, Jan ; Vrabec, Vladimír ; Cílek, Václav ; Gremlica, Tomáš
Realizace terénních biologických a ekologických průzkumů nepřírodních biotopů v České republice, zhodnocení těchto biotopů a jejich významu pro ochranu biologické rozmatiostiv kulturní krajině, srovnávací analýza vlivu klasických způsobů a environmentálně šetrných způsobů rekultivací. Byla navržena opatření pro podporu udržitelného užívání zdrojů.
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