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Analýza faktorů ovlivňujících údržbu travnatých ploch
STAVÁREK, Tomáš
The diploma thesis based on the Analysis of factors influencing maintenance of lawns deals with maintenance of lawns, mowing machines used during maintenance, overview of factors that affect the performance and consumption of mowers in maintenance of lawns. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the mowers, the effects of selected factors were assessed, namely the size and shape of the plot, the character of the stand, the height of the mowing, the slope of the land and the influence of the mower operator.
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Methods used to study the effects of grazing on vegetation
Hyklová, Lucie ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Šlechtová, Anna (referee)
Calcareous grasslands are one of the most diverse habitats of Northern and Central Europe. Most of the calcareous grasslands were created by human agricultural activities and therefore they need some kind of management for their long-lasting maintenance. These habitats have been vanishing during last few decades and that's why there were many experiments provided all around the world to examine possible ways of their restoration and preservation. Grazing of livestock has been a traditional management in many places and is often being investigated nowadays. The aim of this work is to search and compare methods that are used to experimentally study the effects of grazing on vegetation. These experiments use different methods although they usually have the same goal - high species richness. Most of these studies are from Great Britain, Germany and states of Northern Europe. Average length of the experiment is seven years. Key words: grassland, grazing, management, restoration, methods, species richness
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Use of Festuca arundinacea for decorative lawns
Doskočil, Jan ; Svobodová, Miluše (advisor) ; Hrevušová, Zuzana (referee)
Use of Festuca arundinacea for decorative lawns
Summary
Festuca arundinacea is briefly bentgrass with broader and coarser leaves. Hardly perennial grass, native to Europe, is well known for its high resistance of dry weather, low intensity of maintenance and resistance of high use. These qualities gains thanks to its well-developed and deep root system, which is capable to gain water and nutrients from deeper parts of soil. Its use is in places with high use, like a race-course, edges of roads or vineyards alleyway. Today, in time of global warming, its usage becomes more important for park purposes and low-input turfs, where is its higher resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses, mainly against drought, utilized. Festuca arundinacea complement well with Poa pratensis in turf.
Goal of this work was to evaluate turfs with Festuca arundinacea and chosen grass species under different mowing frequency. According to hypothesis frequency shouldn´t affect turf coverage. Coverage should be same with different mixture composition with Festuca arundinacea.
The experiment was performed on experimental land of Czech university of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol in 2015. Mixtures of Festuca arundinacea with Festuca rubra, Poa pratensis and Lolium perenne were seeded together with monocultures of these species in 2012. Mixture composition was 50/50 except mixture of Fesruca arundinacea and Poa pratensis, where the mixture was 75/25. There were conducted 63 plots, in 3 repetitions and in 3 different frequencies of mowing (by 14, 30 and 45 days). Each plot was 6 m2 big. The results were evaluated by analysis of variance ANOVA (P is smaller than 0.05) in program Statgraphics, version XV.
Influence of mixture composition to level of growth was significant. The highest level of growth has monoculture of Festuca arundinacea (10,6 cm). The lowest level of growth has monoculture of Lolium perenne (5,4 cm). Monoculture of Festuca arundinacea had the highest intensity of grow (0,07 cm/day) at 14-day frequency of moving. Lolium perenne has the lowest intensity of grow (0,02 cm/day). At 30-day frequency of mowing mixture of Festuca arundinacea with Poa pratensis has the highest intensity of grow (0,24 cm/day). The lowest intensity of grow has Lolium perenne (0,01 cm/day). The highest intensity of grow was at 45-day mowing frequency. The highest intensity of grow has mixture of Festuca arundinacea with Festuca rubra (0,75 cm/day). The lowest intensity of grow has monoculture of Lolium perenne (0,06 cm/day). Influence of mixture composition to coverage was statistically significant. The highest coverage has mixture of Festuca arundinace with Festuca rubra (81,3 %). The lowest coverage has monoculture of Lolium perenne (58,6%). Influence of frequency to level of growth was statistically significant. The highest level of growth has 45-day frequency of mowing (6 cm) and the lowest level of growth has 14-day frequency of mowing (3,8 cm). Influence of frequency to coverage was statistically significant. The highest coverage 14-day frequency of moving (76,5 %) and the lowest has 45-day frequency of growing (66,7 %).
The knowledge gained will be used for further compilation grass mixtures for park lawns. It turned out that it is better to prefer seeding mixtures with Festuca arundinacea than monocultures. To achieve high coverage and optimal intensity of growth with Festuca arundinacea was recommended to follow 30-day frequency of mowing.
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Properties of selected varieties of tall fescue and their utilization for Lawns
Zachař, Jakub ; Svobodová, Miluše (advisor) ; Klára, Klára (referee)
Grass and its cultivation is being explored in breeding and maintenance for many years. The theme of this thesis is the evaluation of fifteen varieties Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), which is a hardy robust species with short underground projections, curled leaf composition, wide, very rigid, reverse side rough and shiny on the cheek and fluted leaves. It tillers extravaginal and creates a dense turf. Its great advantage is the strong root system and certain symbiosis (mutualism) with a fungus of the genus Endophyte Neotyphodium, making it resistant to a variety of stresses. The aim is to detect differences intervarietal Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), Which the Czech Republic is not yet used in the monitored indicators (coverage, color, texture, height stand in a certain time interval, the overall impression). In the future, we can expect increased demand for socalled. low input lawn, because of their tolerance to drought, high and low temperatures and diseases, and especially due to the low need for inputs.
The next chapter describes the properties of each of the individual varieties of tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb . ) , which are: Barcesar , Barfelix , Barlexas , Barleroy , Cochise , Debussy , Fine Lawn, Galatea , Kontiki , Olympic Gold , Rembrandt , Regiment , Starlett , Palladium and Zuzana.
An attempt was founded in late August of 2012 a demonstration and experimental plot in the immediate vicinity of the Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague Suchdol, using 15 varieties of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Each variety was planted on a plot measuring 1 x 1 meter (one square meter), while calibrating 35 g per m2 in triplicate. Only varieties Barfelix (BF) were sown only in duplicate. Values are obtained climatic conditions at a given for 2014, 2015 and the long term average. The average temperature for the year 2014 was 10.7 ° C and 2015 it was 10.8 ° C which shows that compared to the long term average for those two years the average temperature of almost 2 ° C higher. Annual precipitation for the year 2014 amounted to 571.4 millimeters, which is more than 45 mm more than the long term average, but the annual rainfall for 2015 was only 370.6 millimeters, which is more than 200 mm less than the long term average . 2015 is generally ranked the driest years ever. Measurements were taken every 14 days and a total of 8 measurements were performed, the first measurements were made on 21 May 2015. Since that date, followed by
a total of 5 measurements, namely to July 21, 2015. After that date, followed by a nearly two month break because of the long lasting droughts. For individual varieties of tall fescue were performed in triplicate measurements of height increase in the crop, according to the method EN 735 933 determination of sward height of natural turf. Furthermore, coverage was measured (resistance to weed) according to method EN 735 930 Method C using the points of the frame. Spot frame was in this case replaced by a string measuring 100 cm long split 5 cm, whereby on each parcelce 1x1m were two repetitions.
Results were evaluated using the statistical program ANOVA (LSD, "alfa" = 0.05). Varieties of Paladium (88.3%), Kontiki (87.5) and Zuzana (87.5%) had the highest coverage demonstrably compared to all other varieties. On the contrary, the worst results in a variety of coverage reached Debussy (82.5%), Barfelix (83.3%) and Regiment (83.3%). Conclusive were the differences between other varieties. Olympic Gold varieties (85.8%), Barleroy (85.8%), Cochise (86.7%) and Barcesar (86.7%) were Although demonstrably inferior varieties of palladium, Kontiki and Susan, but also have a palpably better than varieties Barlexas (84.2%), Fine Lawn (84.2%), Starlett (85%), Rembrandt (85%) and Galatea (85%), but which were thus demonstrably better than varieties Debussy Barfelix and Regiment. Variety Fine Lawn conclusively reached its greatest values in growth rate and height above ground organs. When the average height was 6.4 cm in the dry season, however, showed no increase and vice versa suffered from drought, while significantly lowest results in this regard amounted to a variety of Paladium, which reached an average height of only 4.4 cm, which when mowing to 4 cm represents an average increase of just 0.4 cm. The varieties are fully resistant to stress, in the form of drought and high temperatures (Barfelix, Barlexas, Barleroy, Debussy, Galatea, Rembrandt and Starlett), less tolerant (Cochise, Zuzana) and some show no tolerance and conversely, suffer from drought (Barcesar, Fine Lawn , Kondiky, Olympic Gold, Paladium and Regiment). For all varieties was seen very good recovery after a stressful period.
It has been proven that the different varieties of tall fescue from each other in some respects differ , and a wide choice is thus able to fill in a diverse range of applications tall fescue all various environmental conditions or conditions of intensity of cultivation , while its use is possible in increasingly mentioned system low input grassland.
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Monitoring of rolling greens methods and frequency impact on green speed on selected courses
Fichtl, Lukáš ; Kumhála, František (advisor) ; Chyba, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on monitoring of golf green rolling methods and its frequency impact on green speed on selected courses. In the first part of this thesis issues relating to golf, global history of golf and history of golf in Czech Republic are analyzed, also are described golf green construction methods here. There is also described golf green rolling and the effects of rolling. The next part presents methodology of experiments and presents the results of these experiments. The analyzed data showed that the green speed did not decrease too much during the day. The results of another experiment showed that the different types of used rollers have just a little effect on a final green speed increase. In other words, the differences in green speed increasimg, caused by using of different green rollers, cannot be detected by any golf player.
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Quality of turf on golf field Mystěves and recommendation of management
Nová, Michaela ; Svobodová, Miluše (advisor) ; Zuzana, Zuzana (referee)
For this bachelor thesis was selected eighteen hole golf course - golf complex Myštěves. Golf Course was founded in 2001 commissioning znormovaného public course. In 2003 opened the first nine holes Club Course and in 2010 opened the second club nine, so that efforts to complete a good eighteen-hole course. Visitor statistics were monitored throughout the season 2012. This monitoring was carried out using an Internet portal TEE-TIME. This observation was statistically evaluated. During the 2012 season was visited golf complex Myštěves 6054 players. Most players have been recorded in the month of August and that 1375 players. In contrast, the least-visited month was November 2012, when the total number of players was only 156th. Speed measurements using two different greens "Stimpmetru" showed that in most measurements, the moving speed of greens at optimal levels, which is very favorable. Soil reaction on the greens, the whole course is at optimal levels, thus not need to have to modify it. This is due to soil conditions and fertilizers used. For monitoring pest was found to occur in a given location in a small extent. In contrast, algae, magical circularity grass, dry grass and small ohniskovitosti plísňovitosti lawn was highest in the summer months when this increase was supported by changeable weather with alternating rain and hot days. The highest incidence was on the greens, where arrangements were made for their removal. As proposals for action was carried out in-depth aeration of greens with applications topdresingu. This operation should improve intake of water, fertilizers and support microbial life in the upper layer of the sward. After topdresingu hearty salad dressing was performed and after 14 days on the greens combined nitrogen fertilizer applied the late summer and autumn managed to eliminate the incidence of diseases. The biggest problem of this golf course is outdated equipment maintenance lawns. Specifically mowers Ransomes (produced 1985-1997), the mower Jacobsen (the year 1994), tractor Zetor 6711 (the year 1978), bunkrovačka Toro (1997) and others. The problem with the club trying to solve, but the main obstacle is the lack of funds for the purchase of a new fleet. There are efforts to modernize, but in a very limited scale.
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Zakládání trávníků z výsevu a z předpěstovaného travního drnu
Vaštík, Lukáš
The bachelor thesis is focused on turfgrasses establishment by sowing seeds and laying turf rolls (instant turf). The key objective of this thesis is to take measure costs and labor demand of both methods This work describes the history of turfs, description of the basic concepts in grass issue and the importance of tufrgrasses. The following part that describes a prepation of soil before establishment and the procedure of the sowing seeds and turf rolls laying. Next chapter divides turf grasses, mixture composition and the type and date of establishment. The end of the first section deals with care and turfgrass management after establishment. In the end bachelor thesis there is the comparison of turf grass seeding and turf rolls. There is an evaluation in terms of time and costs. The review regarding assessment of the appropriateness of the choice of suitable technikques for turfgrass establishment in Landscape Architecture at the ornamental lawns, parks, sports fields and flower-rich meadows.
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Problematika travních směsí v zahradní a krajinářské tvorbě
Dostál, Pavel
The thesis is focused on the study of morphological, biological and carpological characteristics of the grasses. It deals with habitat conditions. It processes selected characteristics of primary, complementary and other grass species and varieties, as components of the lawn. It explains the problems of creating grass mixtures and classifies categories of the turf system according to their use. Based on the knowledge acquired from documents proposes the composition of model examples grass mixtures for chosen specific places.
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Design of mobile reel mower
Mrověc, Jan ; Pelikán, František (referee) ; Zvonek, Miroslav (advisor)
In this diploma thesis is documented an analysis and an approach of designing a self-propelled mobile reel mower with respect of general assumptions of industrial design. Thesis takes aim on a comparison of technologies of present manufacturers of garden equipment and proper choice and following application of technical solution and shape solution on a new product.
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Design of automatic lawnmower
Rytíř, Jan ; Chorý, Tomáš (referee) ; Zvonek, Miroslav (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is the design of an automatic lawn mower. The design solution is based on innovative concept respecting all technical, ergonomical, aesthetical and ecological demands. A research study, including a historical, technical and design analysis of lawn mower, is preceding the description of main creative part of design process starting from the concept development and ending up with the final solution. A conclusion of the thesis presents an analysis of final solution, its character, contribution to the human society and the particular role of industial design in automatic lawn mower concept.
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