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Small Modular Reactors
Tichý, Marek ; Chýlek, Radomír (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelors thesis is focused on nuclear energy. It describes the generations of nuclear reactors and their representatives. The main goal of this work are small modular reactors which are discussed in more detail. This thesis describes types of reactors, their descriptions and also their use cases.
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Utilization of compressor waste heat into the district heating system by means of an absorption heat pump
Aranguren Campos, Fabian Alexis ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
With the growth of energy consumption and the optimization of industrial processes worldwide, new energy sources have been explored and investigated. Waste heat is a potential source for the generation of electricity and heat. This heat can be reused at different stages of industrial processes by using absorption heat pumps, which transfer thermal energy from a location with a lower thermal potential to a location with a higher thermal potential. This research work is basically focused on the evaluation of different absorption heat pumps implemented in the SAKO Brno incineration plant. To carry out this purpose, a bibliographic review of this technology has been carried out worldwide, then the mass and energy balance in the compressor is presented, from which the waste heat to be recovered with the pump will be obtained. Using the EES software, the mass and energy balance of the selected pumps is performed, then the amount of heat and electrical energy generated by the plant when implementing each of the pumps is shown, and finally the economic analysis is presented The design and implementation of a heat exchanger in the system is also included as an essential part of improving operation. The best option arises from the highest operational efficiency at the lowest possible cost.
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Reconstruction of the turbogenerator TG 5 in Opatovice Power Plant
Rak, Vítek ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This thesis discusses the reconstruction of the turbogenerator TG5 of the Elektrárny Opatovice and introduces options of technical solutions for power central of combined heat and electricity production. First section describes the differences between back-pressure and condensing turbines. Next section briefly introduces the company Elektrárny Opatovice a.s. with the description of the current back-pressure turbine TG5, which is near end of it life cycle and is to be reconstructed in following years. Based on the technical-economic analysis of the operation of the current TG5, possible benefits of new technical solutions are proposed.
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Possibilities of using small modular reactors in the heating industry
Duchoň, Jan ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with nuclear energy, mainly focusing on small modular reactors and their possible use in heating industry. The first chapters are focused on history of nuclear energy, explaining key concepts and describing nuclear reactors and their principle in general. One of the crucial topics, covered in the following section are small modular reactors, key examples of SMRs, their wide range of uses and comparison of advantages and disadvantages of this type of reactors. Next chapter consists of introduction to heating industry, description of situation in Czech republic and analysis of Czech heating plants. The final chapter uses acquired information to assess potential use of SMRs in Czech heating industry as a replacement for fossil fuel heating plants.
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Optimization of District Heating Nets Components Simulations
Kudela, Libor ; Klimeš, Lubomír (referee) ; Kořista, Milan (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
The thesis aims at the computational solution of district heating networks, their numerical optimization, and predictive control considering heat accumulation. Previous studies avoid using the so-called element method because of its computational expensiveness. However, in combination with current development in scientific computing, it adds a new dimension to the old method. This thesis presents a new simulation model of a district heating pipe with complex physics and efficient inverse problem-solving capability, which is the core of predictive control. The findings acquired in this dissertation allow us to maximize the computational effectiveness of simulation components found in district heating networks
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Industrial heat pump
Pinkas, Marek ; Špiláček, Michal (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of industrial heat pumps. Its aim is to describe the technologies of heat pumps and their use in industry, where they are already often used to recover waste heat. The work is devoted to compressor and absorption heat pumps. The main parts of the heat pump are presented and described here. Emphasis is also placed on the working materials used. Real applications of industrial heat pumps are also presented. At the end, two variants of the application of the heat pump in cooperation with the cogeneration unit are proposed. In the first case, a compressor heat pump was proposed, and in the second, an absorption heat pump. The heat source for the heat pump is water from the wastewater treatment plant.
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Conceptual design of a nuclear power source based on a small modular reactor
Duchoň, Jan ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
This master’s thesis focuses on conceptual design of new nuclear energy source based on small modular reactor with use in heating industry. The reactor SMART was chosen as a fitting candidate. Based on parameters of the reactor, a thermal diagram was created, containing basic components such as steam generator or condenser. Mass balance was determined. A heat exchanger station for use in heating industry was designed. Lastly, basic parameters of some of the main components were designed.
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Relevant markets in the energy sector (in decision-making practice of the Office for the Protection of Competition)
Kujaníková, Tereza ; Eichlerová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Horáček, Tomáš (referee)
Relevant markets in the energy sector (in decision-making practice of the Office for the Protection of Competition) Abstract The purpose of my thesis is to analyze the issue of relevant markets delineation in energy sector. More precisely, to determine which relevant markets have been identified in this sector by the Czech Office for the Protection of Competition, eventually by the European Commission. The reason for my research derives from absence of any comprehensive study dealing with the subject matter, despite its essential importance both for competitors and competition itself. To identify relevant markets is a prerequisite for ruling competition cases by antimonopoly authorities (while assessing concentration of undertakings, abuse of a dominant position or anticompetitive agreements). The thesis is composed of three parts, each of them dealing with different aspects of relevant markets delineation. Part One is introductory and defines scope and basic terminology used in the thesis: competition, competitors and energy. Part Two examines more closely methodology of identifying relevant markets. This part consists of five chapters. Chapter One focuses on relevant market definition and its importance. Chapters Two to Four deal with different perspectives of its delineation, i.e. product, geographic and...
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Possibilities of using small modular reactors in the heating industry
Duchoň, Jan ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with nuclear energy, mainly focusing on small modular reactors and their possible use in heating industry. The first chapters are focused on history of nuclear energy, explaining key concepts and describing nuclear reactors and their principle in general. One of the crucial topics, covered in the following section are small modular reactors, key examples of SMRs, their wide range of uses and comparison of advantages and disadvantages of this type of reactors. Next chapter consists of introduction to heating industry, description of situation in Czech republic and analysis of Czech heating plants. The final chapter uses acquired information to assess potential use of SMRs in Czech heating industry as a replacement for fossil fuel heating plants.
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Utilization of compressor waste heat into the district heating system by means of an absorption heat pump
Aranguren Campos, Fabian Alexis ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
With the growth of energy consumption and the optimization of industrial processes worldwide, new energy sources have been explored and investigated. Waste heat is a potential source for the generation of electricity and heat. This heat can be reused at different stages of industrial processes by using absorption heat pumps, which transfer thermal energy from a location with a lower thermal potential to a location with a higher thermal potential. This research work is basically focused on the evaluation of different absorption heat pumps implemented in the SAKO Brno incineration plant. To carry out this purpose, a bibliographic review of this technology has been carried out worldwide, then the mass and energy balance in the compressor is presented, from which the waste heat to be recovered with the pump will be obtained. Using the EES software, the mass and energy balance of the selected pumps is performed, then the amount of heat and electrical energy generated by the plant when implementing each of the pumps is shown, and finally the economic analysis is presented The design and implementation of a heat exchanger in the system is also included as an essential part of improving operation. The best option arises from the highest operational efficiency at the lowest possible cost.
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