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Complex Waste Collection Models
Nevrlý, Vlastimír ; Šenkeřík, Roman (referee) ; Procházka,, Vít (referee) ; Stehlík, Petr (advisor)
The subject of this doctoral thesis is the solution of logistics systems in the context of waste management. The work begins with an extensive research in the field of modelling various situations from the waste transportation chain. There are presented multiple types of practical tasks in the area of operation research applicable to waste management. Their possibilities of extension and modification are analysed for use by investors, technical services or waste collection service providers. An essential part of the work is the identification of critical parameters in the waste collection at the level of municipalities and micro-regions. Based on practical requirements, challenges related to the improvement of decision-making and planning systems are defined. The available techniques proved to be insufficient for practical problems. For the area of changes and designs of collection systems (design and modification of routes, choice of the vehicle fleet, collection plan, etc.) there are no procedures that would include a whole range of operating conditions and parameters. The boundary conditions of the task affecting fundamental requirements are highly variable. The thesis presents a comprehensive approach, which is divided into several phases. The preparation and analysis of input data focused mainly on the creation of transport infrastructure, allocation of waste collection containers and their pairing to the network, which also reduces the size of the task. Furthermore, a procedure for compliance with the rules of the road was designed using a penalty function, and an algorithm for defining imaginary edges was implemented, which will allow distinguishing the frequency of collection on selected network segments. To reduce the size of the task, a segment clustering algorithm was also designed, which will enable the calculation of the collection even for larger areas. Input parameters related to operating time and fullness of collection containers are elaborated in greater detail, as they most influence the results of the task. A great benefit is also the algorithm generating the initialization solution from historical routes. As part of the related publishing activities, environmental criteria were defined to evaluate global and local impacts of waste transportation and treatment. The outputs of the thesis are used primarily for the analysis of collection systems, to support the deployment of waste containers, planning collection routes, time schedules and dimensioning the size of the vehicle fleet. The proposed algorithms were tested in several case studies, which proved the broad applicability of a comprehensive tool in the field of waste logistics. Although the thesis is focused on modelling the collection of municipal waste, the usability of the implemented procedures is possible in other areas of waste management or other sectors.
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Modelling of Selected Risks in Healthcare
Nováková, Pavlína ; Bednář, Josef (referee) ; Popela, Pavel (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the modeling of selected risks in healthcare. Motivated by the current pandemic situation, it focuses on analysis of risks associated with the vaccination center in Brno. The theoretical part is mainly devoted to the issue of risk management with a focus on risks in healthcare, where the methods that are used in the practical part are defined. Furthermore, the thesis presents selected topics of mathematical programming. Especially, the newsvendor problem is introduced as inspiring case for further modelling. The brief description of the covid-19 pandemic situation later serves as one of the data sources. The practical part deals with the description and risk analysis of the vaccination process using the methods "What If?" and the FMEA method. Appropriate decisions are then proposed for selected risk situations using the GAMS optimization system. Based on the results of the calculations, specific recommendations are proposed.
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Budget Optimization
Golasowski, Martin ; Janíček, Ladislav (referee) ; Popela, Pavel (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis aims to approach the issue of creating a budget for a public university and the subsequent creation of a mathematical model. The thesis explains the rules and formulas for the distribution of funds for higher education to individual universities. Then, the formulas for the redistribution of these funds between individual faculties are given. Subsequently, a mathematical model of nonlinear programming in the GAMS system is built using real data and constraints. The model is then used to examine the change in the distribution of funds for various objective functions. The aim of compiling the model was not to offer a tool that will be automatically used for the distribution of funds at BUT, but to provide its users with a wider range of computational experiments and gain better insight into the problem.
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Optimization in selected engineering problems
Přikryl, Tomáš ; Popela, Pavel (referee) ; Mrázková, Eva (advisor)
The goal of this paper is a basic understanding of elementary concepts of the mathematical programming field and an aplication of such concepts for the optimization of machine design. The subject of nonlinear optimization is put under deeper scrutiny and so are solution methods of nonlinear problems. This paper also contains essential findings about shafts in the context of engineering components. In the practical part these findings are applied for an optimization of a shaft where the goal is to minimize the shaft’s weight.
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Optimization models in population protection
Mihálová, Veronika ; Cabalka, Matouš (referee) ; Popela, Pavel (advisor)
This master thesis utilizes operational research principles to model and address emergency events, with a focus on rapidly and effectively making decisions related to population sheltering and the allocation of security forces during such crises. The theoretical section provides fundamental information about the current state and application of risk management in civil security while defining terms directly associated with population protection and crisis management. Moreover, it explores the historical application of mathematical programming and optimization in crisis management processes. In the practical segment of the thesis, the fundamental traffic problem is adapted to address the issue of establishing permanent civil protection shelters in the Brno-Židenice district. The models are solved using the GAMS program, building upon a comprehensive risk analysis that meticulously identifies key components of the population protection system. Furthermore, potential risk scenarios for the system are formulated using the FMEA method. The results obtained, which outline optimal allocation strategies for residents and security forces, are visually presented on maps. Recommendations are provided for future planning and crisis management in emergency events.
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Advanced Stochastic Programming Models in Power Engineering
Pavelka, Ondřej ; Štětina, Josef (referee) ; Popela, Pavel (advisor)
This diploma thesis applies stochastic optimization in the field of the power engineering. In the thesis first part, the needed mathematical theory is described, specifically mathematical, linear, nonlinear, integer and stochastic programming. The second part deals with the heating plant, in which heat is generated by gas and biomass boilers. The aim of this thesis is to design a model for the schedule planning of these boilers. The model is based on two stage stochastic programming with scenario approach. Then the model is solved by GAMS software. In the final part of the text, the focus is on the model sensitivity analysis and suggestions for future improvement.
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Modelling of Selected Risks in Healthcare
Nováková, Pavlína ; Bednář, Josef (referee) ; Popela, Pavel (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the modeling of selected risks in healthcare. Motivated by the current pandemic situation, it focuses on analysis of risks associated with the vaccination center in Brno. The theoretical part is mainly devoted to the issue of risk management with a focus on risks in healthcare, where the methods that are used in the practical part are defined. Furthermore, the thesis presents selected topics of mathematical programming. Especially, the newsvendor problem is introduced as inspiring case for further modelling. The brief description of the covid-19 pandemic situation later serves as one of the data sources. The practical part deals with the description and risk analysis of the vaccination process using the methods "What If?" and the FMEA method. Appropriate decisions are then proposed for selected risk situations using the GAMS optimization system. Based on the results of the calculations, specific recommendations are proposed.
|
|
|
Budget Optimization
Golasowski, Martin ; Janíček, Ladislav (referee) ; Popela, Pavel (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis aims to approach the issue of creating a budget for a public university and the subsequent creation of a mathematical model. The thesis explains the rules and formulas for the distribution of funds for higher education to individual universities. Then, the formulas for the redistribution of these funds between individual faculties are given. Subsequently, a mathematical model of nonlinear programming in the GAMS system is built using real data and constraints. The model is then used to examine the change in the distribution of funds for various objective functions. The aim of compiling the model was not to offer a tool that will be automatically used for the distribution of funds at BUT, but to provide its users with a wider range of computational experiments and gain better insight into the problem.
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Complex Waste Collection Models
Nevrlý, Vlastimír ; Šenkeřík, Roman (referee) ; Procházka,, Vít (referee) ; Stehlík, Petr (advisor)
The subject of this doctoral thesis is the solution of logistics systems in the context of waste management. The work begins with an extensive research in the field of modelling various situations from the waste transportation chain. There are presented multiple types of practical tasks in the area of operation research applicable to waste management. Their possibilities of extension and modification are analysed for use by investors, technical services or waste collection service providers. An essential part of the work is the identification of critical parameters in the waste collection at the level of municipalities and micro-regions. Based on practical requirements, challenges related to the improvement of decision-making and planning systems are defined. The available techniques proved to be insufficient for practical problems. For the area of changes and designs of collection systems (design and modification of routes, choice of the vehicle fleet, collection plan, etc.) there are no procedures that would include a whole range of operating conditions and parameters. The boundary conditions of the task affecting fundamental requirements are highly variable. The thesis presents a comprehensive approach, which is divided into several phases. The preparation and analysis of input data focused mainly on the creation of transport infrastructure, allocation of waste collection containers and their pairing to the network, which also reduces the size of the task. Furthermore, a procedure for compliance with the rules of the road was designed using a penalty function, and an algorithm for defining imaginary edges was implemented, which will allow distinguishing the frequency of collection on selected network segments. To reduce the size of the task, a segment clustering algorithm was also designed, which will enable the calculation of the collection even for larger areas. Input parameters related to operating time and fullness of collection containers are elaborated in greater detail, as they most influence the results of the task. A great benefit is also the algorithm generating the initialization solution from historical routes. As part of the related publishing activities, environmental criteria were defined to evaluate global and local impacts of waste transportation and treatment. The outputs of the thesis are used primarily for the analysis of collection systems, to support the deployment of waste containers, planning collection routes, time schedules and dimensioning the size of the vehicle fleet. The proposed algorithms were tested in several case studies, which proved the broad applicability of a comprehensive tool in the field of waste logistics. Although the thesis is focused on modelling the collection of municipal waste, the usability of the implemented procedures is possible in other areas of waste management or other sectors.
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