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Vietnamese in Czechia and the World: Migration and Adaptation Tendencies
Kušniráková, Tereza
The PhD thesis 'Vietnamese in Czechia and the world: migration and adaptation tendencies' sheds light on the development of international migration of the Vietnamese since the mid 20th century to the present with special emphasis on Czechia as a country of destination. The main aim is to identify the key factors that initiate international migration of the Vietnamese and how they determine main directions of these movements, affect migrants' and non-migrants' expectations and determine adaptation strategies. In this respect, the methodology of the paper is based on the combination of macro-level and micro-level approaches. Therefore, the thesis brings an analysis of main structural factors encouraging international migration of the Vietnamese such as economic development, economic and political reforms Đổi Mới and pro-emigration policy of the Vietnamese government; and also an analysis of actors' personal interpretations of these factors. The key part of the thesis is also identifying the transformation of importance of these factors depending on the stage of migration and on the socio-economic-political context of migration or migration-decision making. The paper stems from the analysis of available statistical data and legal documents, and results of three-year research, which was carried out...
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Czechs in the United Kingdom - Anatomy of the potential of social remittances
Letošníková, Michaela ; Drbohlav, Dušan (advisor) ; Schebelle, Danica (referee)
This master thesis examines migration issues, focuses on the potential of social remittances, and explores the links between social and financial remittances. The qualitative approach to the research uses the method of semi-structured and in-depth interviews to collect the data in the context of Czechs living in the United Kingdom. This research falls under the concept of transnationalism, uses transnational lenses for exploring processes, and is mainly based upon the concept of social remittances, thus is concerned with flows of norms, know-how, systems of practice, ideas, or social capital from one country to another. This thesis also builds on the expanded conceptualization of social remittances by other researchers. Linking social and financial remittances is done by using the concept of remittance scripts and related activities of migrants. Verbal data from the interviews were analyzed using primarily the inducted method and the method of content analysis. The analyzed results meet the aims of the research and bring a deeper understanding of the potential of social remittances. The factors influencing the potential of social remittances are mainly the work environment of migrants, the importance of unskilled positions, social skills, or intensive transnational links. The key role is also...
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Integration and motives of the return migration of Czech Roma - a case study of Great Britain
Rybář, Josef ; Drbohlav, Dušan (advisor) ; Víšek, Petr (referee)
The democratic transformation in the early 1990s has brought Europe to the opening of national borders and has become an impetus for many international migrations. Since then, the Czech Republic has also become part of the very specific migratory flows of the Roma ethnic group. More than 75,000 Roma have already emigrated from the Czech Republic, representing one of the most vulnerable, socially disadvantaged and discriminated ethnic minorities. It is precisely Great Britain that is one of their most sought-after destination countries. The motives leading to the emigration of Czech Roma from the Czech Republic to Great Britain are balancing between "push" motives of deprivation and discrimination and "pull" motives representing an improvement in their standard of living. From an academic point of view, the absence of information on the living conditions of Czech Roma in the UK prevails, especially whether they are integrated in British society and what are the main motives for their return migration to the Czech Republic. The aim of this work is to deepen the existing knowledge about the integration of Czech Roma living in the UK in the context of their migration and to identify the main motives leading to their emigration from Great Britain back to the Czech Republic. This research also seeks to...
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Trends in Czech migration and development policy coherence
Seidlová, Aneta ; Stojanov, Robert (advisor) ; Novosák, Jiří (referee)
Migration and development are a globally recurring topic within media and political discourse. In Europe, the topic gained attention following the so called "refugee crisis", accompanied by rhetoric of solving the root causes of migration and increasing coherence of migration and development policy. Even though the refugee flows mainly avoided Czechia, the crisis had an impact on public and political discourse, including links to migration, development and the need for coherence in policy strategic documents. The diploma thesis analyses trends in Czech migration and development policy and their coherence in the aftermath of global financial and refugee crisis. This thesis aims to assess the progress toward coherence and identify the key areas and causes of incoherence. The concept of policy coherence for migration and development, and a model of policy coherence cycle are used as the main theoretical frameworks. To gain an insight into the process of policy formation, a distinction is made between political commitments and policies on paper, policy coordination and implementation in practice, and the potential impact of the political discourse on this process. This thesis presents attitudes and perceptions of key stakeholders in Czech migration and development policy, based on a series of 20...
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Utilization of Educational Attainment of Foreign Migrant Workers in the Czech Labour Market
Valenta, Ondřej ; Drbohlav, Dušan (advisor) ; Květoň, Viktor (referee) ; Bahna, Miloslav (referee)
This doctoral thesis addresses one of the most significant topics in contemporary research in international migration; that is the education-occupation mismatch of highly qualified foreign workers in the labour market of a host country. The thesis focuses on the situation in the Czech labour market in the time-period between 2009 and 2016. By the possibility to utilize a unique set of non-public, anonymized individual data on foreign employment this thesis provides a first thorough empirical evidence on the level of mismatch of skilled migrant workers in the Czech labour market, with a dominant focus on quantitative approach to the given issue. Results of the research reveal that the mismatch between the migrant employees' attained (tertiary) and required education at their job occupations on the Czech labour market does exist and it is encountered by 20-30 % of tertiary educated foreign workers; moreover, level of mismatch has been gradually increasing over the given time-period. The differences in the level of mismatch then fundamentally differ across particular citizenship groups. The resulting level of mismatch of highly skilled foreign workers in the Czech labour market seems to be driven predominantly by broader social and economic drivers. More specifically, these are particularly a limited...
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The effect of migration on electoral geography of populist-nationalist parties: the case of Freedom and Direct Democracy - Tomio Okamura party
Suchánek, Jonáš ; Hasman, Jiří (advisor) ; Maškarinec, Pavel (referee)
Analytical research of a migrant's presence in a certain location on election outcomes of populist-nationalist parties is a relatively new phenomena in the field of electoral geography. Media and political interest in migration and refugees has risen rapidly in the last few years and offers a broad opportunity for relevant scientific studies. This thesis stems from existing literature, that have studied such relation and focuses on the case of The Freedom and Direct Democracy - Tomio Okamura Party (SPD) and on the possible influence of the share of migrants on SPD's electoral support at two different scale levels (municipalities with authorized municipal offices and individual municipalities) during the 2017 parliamentary elections. Analysing the most important groups of migrants and additionally a formed group of migrants coming from countries with either dominant or significant Muslim native population can be considered as innovative. The main goal is to discover whether the election outcomes of SPD, which stands strongly opposed to migration, differ based on the share of migrants in a certain area, or if migration does not play any role at all. Furthermore, the electoral geography of SPD is compared to the of Tomio Okamura's former party - Dawn of Direct Democracy, whose rhetoric did not focus...
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Geography of recent migration wave - from where, where to and why do refugees come?
Procházka, Ondřej ; Hasman, Jiří (advisor) ; Pavelková, Lenka (referee)
Geography of recent migration wave - from where, where to and why do refugees come? Abstract This bachelor thesis aims to find out what factors affect refugees when selecting an asylum destination country during the recent refugee and migrant wave. Potentially important factors are first selected on the basis of literature studies, and consequently their significance is quantitatively tested on the most important refugee flows. For clarity, individual factors are divided into four groups: cultural, economic, geographical and political factors. The analyzed set consists of paired data for the 20 most important source countries from different world regions and 31 destination countries that are members of the European Union, or the European Free Trade Association. The results confirmed the importance of colonial ties and of the same language, but some policy factors, such as social benefits in destination country, have also been shown to be important. The impact of economic factors was not confirmed as expected, but it was found neither for geographic factors, nor for migrant networks. Keywords: asylum destination choice; asylum seekers; international migration; refugee and migrant wave; refugees
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Financing education abroad: a developing country perspective
Todua, Gega
Developing countries intensively promote education abroad through financial aid policies. While some financially support students with scholarships, other countries prefer to provide loans. This paper provides a novel data-set containing characteristics of world-wide government-funded scholarship and loan programs supporting education abroad. The data allows us to identify unique stylized facts on these financing policies for middle and low income countries. We find that scholarship programs more frequently select students based on merit criteria, target graduate and postgraduate study level, and require recipients to return after studies than loan programs do. We build a two-country student migration model with government intervention to qualitatively account for the observed patterns. In our model, government intervention is justified for two reasons. First, students from a developing country are financially constrained and cannot afford education abroad. Second, the government values the productivity of ”returnees” higher than the market does. We argue that when students are uncertain about their future productivity and may fail at their studies, scholarship programs can insure them against potential default. Consequently, if students differ in their expected ability, under certain conditions a government with a tight budget will prioritize ex-ante high-ability students and support them with scholarships with the return requirement, and support ex-ante low-ability students with loans without the return requirement.
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Migration, foreigners and the city: socio-spatial differentiation and local social environment
Přidalová, Ivana ; Ouředníček, Martin (advisor) ; Drbohlav, Dušan (referee) ; Mulíček, Ondřej (referee)
1 Abstract Migration has been an inherent part of population development, and due to its role in shaping settlement system and societal changes also one of the key research interests of social geography. Due to the political regime and the limited movement across state borders, attention was predominantly given to internal migration in Czechia in the second half of the 20th century. Conversely, international migration has only been coming to the fore of academic debate since the 1990s. Despite the broad diversity of aspects of international migration in Czechia and the fact that the city has traditionally been the environment associated with the majority of immigrant population, little consideration has been given to the deeper understanding of the relationship between international migration, the presence of foreign citizens and the urban environment, especially foreigners' influence on socio-spatial differentiation and on social environment of particular urban locales. Czechia is a specific case: a country which was isolated from international migration for four decades became one of the main immigration countries in the post-socialist Central Europe after 1989. It represents a unique occasion to investigate the connection between international migration and the city in a previously unexplored environment...
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Analysis of the Impact of Immigration on Unemployment Rate in the Czech Republic
Kubíčková, Petra ; Brožová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Kadeřábková, Božena (referee)
This paper analyzes the impact of immigration on the unemployment rate in the Czech Republic between 2004-2014 by using the economically active population aged 15-64 and 15-19. The analysis of annual time series showed no significant effect for either age group as well the existence of the reverse causality between the rate of migration and the unemployment rate was not proved. The analysis of quarterly time series showed a significant negative impact of immigration on the unemployment rate of economically active people aged 15-64. Also the reverse causality was confirmed - lagged values of the unemployment rate negatively influenced the rate of migration. A significant positive impact of the immigration on the unemployment rate was not confirmed for the age group 15-19. The reverse causality of the unemployment rate in relation to the rate of migration was found - rising unemployment rate led to decrease of immigration flows.
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