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Bernard Bolzano and Czech Intellectual Culture, 1945-1989
Konůpka, Petr ; Putna, Martin (advisor) ; Havelka, Miloš (referee)
The thesis focuses on the reception history of Bernard Bolzano (1781- 1848) in the Czech intellectual culture of the 1945-1989 period. The aim of the thesis is not only to summarize existing studies of Bolzano's life and work or to study some of the partial themes related to Bolzano - but to discover basic features of Bolzano reception that can be found accross the different fields of Bolzano research and that are also connected to intellectual and political history background. The expected merit of the thesis can be considered from two different perspectives: In the context of intellectual history the reception of Bolzano is just a very partial theme, however it can expose some of more general features concerning Czech intellectual history of investigated period. From this point of view Bolzano is just a criterion of historical sources selection that enables to study very complex issue of the Czech intellectual history. In the context of Bolzano research this thesis is also a contribution to the better understanding of Bolzano's life and work. The thesis is pointing out themes which should be researched more thoroughly and, it is more important, it discovers the basic contexts of the potential further studies. Keywords: Bernard Bolzano (1781-1848), Czech history 1945-1989, Czech culture 1945-1989,...
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Origins of Matrix Theory in Czech Lands (and the responses to them)
Štěpánová, Martina ; Bečvář, Jindřich (advisor) ; Slavík, Antonín (referee) ; Hora, Jaroslav (referee)
In the 1880s and early 1890s, the Prague mathematician Eduard Weyr published his important results in matrix theory. His works represented the only significant contribution to matrix theory by Czech mathematicians in many decades that followed. Although Eduard Weyr was one of the few European mathematicians acquainted with matrix theory and working in it at that time, his results did not gain recognition for about a century. Eduard Weyr discovered the Weyr characteristic, which is a dual sequence to the better known Segre characteristic, and also the so-called typical form. This canonical form of a matrix is nowadays called the Weyr canonical form. It is permutationally similar to the commonly used Jordan canonical form of the same matrix and it outperforms the Jordan canonical form in some mathematical situations. The Weyr canonical form has become much better known in the last few years and even a monograph dedicated to this topic was published in 2011.
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History of Kurzweil integral
Berková, Andrea ; Halas, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Slavík, Antonín (referee)
The presented work deals with history of Kurzweil integral. It focuses primarily on its comparison with other important integrals, namely Newton, Rie- mann, Lebesgue, Perron and McShane integral. Each of them is discussed in a separate chapter which acquaints with their authors and theories. Attention is also oriented to Jaroslav Kurzweil and Ralph Henstock. There are also mentioned the circumstances of the discovery of the Kurzweil integral. The aim is to high- light the theory of integration, which has its origins in Bohemia and despite its elementary definition, which is very general and usable in many applications.
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Historical development of numerical methods and computational techniques.
DIVÍŠKOVÁ, Michaela
In my bachelor thesis I deal with historical development of numerical methods and computational techniques. In the first chapter, the introduction of the concept of number and the writing process. In the second chapter, I present the basic numerical methods and algorithms for a variety of mathematical operations. In the third chapter, I will devote counting techniques and aids to facilitate calculations. The final chapter, I focus on computation of periodic rational and irrational numbers.
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Kissing Circles
KOTLAS, Miroslav
My thesis deals with various methods of solving the correlation of~the~diametres of four mutually tangent circles. It also deals with the history of~the~derivation of mathematical property. The didactic part contains a book of solved tasks. It involves the topic of Apollony fractals, gothic vaults, examples of~mutually tangent circles and set of exercises for practising different solutions of the various cases.
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The golden section
ŠTIKOVÁ, Kateřina
The work includes the procedur sof golden section, the calculation of golden numer and its charakteristice. It show the connection of Fibonacci progression with golden section, fractals and examples of occirence of golden section in planimetry and the art and nature.
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History variational calculus
Höschl, Cyril
This paper present a short historical overview of evolution of infinitesimal and variotional calculus.Some of the classical variational problems ara formulated and described.
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