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Didactic approaches to the teaching of some mathematical topics at the primary school in teachers ́ diskurse
Vencovská, Jaroslava ; Vondrová, Naďa (advisor) ; Kvasz, Ladislav (referee)
The aim of the thesis was through a new analysis of interviews with teachers of mathematics, to describe didactic practices used by teachers while teaching selected topics (namely, proportions, linear equations, divisibility, percent, symmetry, Pythagorean theorem ) and compare them with the practices reported in textbooks and other literature. First, teaching methods, teaching forms and the mechanism of concept development by M. Hejný are given. Based on the analysis of more than thirty interview, it was found that teachers use the usual didactic practices but also create their own methods and procedures. These methods and techniques are provided for each critical issue separately in the fourth chapter of the thesis. Furthermore, the content analysis of selected textbooks is given for each topic. Identified practices of teachers which they use in their teaching practice, form the result of my work.
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Divisibility in 6th and 7th grade - textbooks and knowledge of pupils
Mašatová, Zora ; Pilous, Derek (advisor) ; Vondrová, Naďa (referee)
My theses called Divisibility at second grade - textbooks and knowledge of the pupils is devoted to different aspects of schooling of this topic at elementary schools. This work is divided into three chapters. Whilst the first chapter is dedicated to the theory, the subject of two other chapters are two different researches conducted under the divisibility theme. Theoretical resources common to both parts of the research can be found in the first chapter. Among the topics mentioned in this chapter are for example the differences between formal and informal knowledge, constructivist and transmissive way of teaching or the process of solving word problems. The essence of my first research are the textbooks for elementary school concerned with the divisibility theme. Except the part devoted to a textbooks search (all the textbooks approved by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports which deal with divisibility), this chapter also contains the propaedeutics of divisibility and interviews with teachers, in which I have tried to cover the most important moments in the schooling of divisibility. Second part of my research is focused on checking of the pupils' knowledge of divisibility with a special emphasis on formal and informal knowledge. I have used the test to this purpose, which was...
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Divisibility for talented students of secondary schools
Živčáková, Andrea ; Robová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Bečvář, Jindřich (referee)
This thesis is an educational text for high school students. It aims to teach them how to solve typical problems concerning divisibility found in mathematical correspondence seminars and mathematical olympiad. Basic notions from the theory of divisibility are recalled (e.g. prime numbers, divisors, multiples). Criteria of divisibility by 2 to 20 are introduced, as well as diophantine equations and practical applications of prime numbers in real life. One whole chapter is dedicated to problems and exercises. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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p-Adic numbers
Dubiel, Richard ; Šťovíček, Jan (advisor) ; Žemlička, Jan (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta BAKALÁŘSKÁ PRÁCE Richard Dubiel p-adická čísla Katedra algebry Vedoucí bakalářské práce: Mgr. Jan Šťovíček, Ph.D. Studijní program: Matematika Studijní obor: obecná matematika Abstract: This thesis deals with construction of the field of p-adic numbers as a completion of rational numbers field and introduces several important properties of this field. It will introduce concepts of an absolute value, metric, ultrametric and completion of field with respect to absolute value. Then we introduce a p-adic absolute value - one that measures "how much" is a number divsible by a prime number p. Then we construct the completion of the field of rational numbers with respect to this absolute value - field of p-adic numbers. We show, how can one represent these numbers. At last, we introduce two of the most important results of the theory of p-adic numbers - Hensel lemma and Hasse-Minkowski theorem.
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Educational environment additive polygons and polyhedrons
Sukniak, Anna ; Jirotková, Darina (advisor) ; Vondrová, Naďa (referee)
Title: Educational environment additive polygons and polyhedrons Summary: The main intention of the work is to introduce a new mathematical educational environment that would be especially attractive for pupils in the grades 6. -9., but also in the secondary schools, universities or primary schools The work consists of six parts. In the introduction are mentioned the reasons that led me to choose this topic. The second chapter describes the theoretical basis of the work. The third section describes in detail the environment of additive polygons, both its aspects - mathematical and educational one. Analogously, as it is in the third chapter, is processed the fourth chapter that is dedicated to the environment of additive polyhedrons. The fifth chapter is devoted to the linking of the environment of additive polygons and polyhedrons into the linear algebra. In conclusion are provided further opportunities of work with this environment.
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Teaching of divisibility at the elementary school from the perspective of beginning teachers
BLÁHOVÁ, Markéta
The aim of this thesis is to analyze textbooks and on their basis to compile preparations for teaching of divisibility in elementary schools. The thesis is divided into six chapters including the introduction and conclusion. The second chapter contains the theoretical background of the literature studied. The next chapter offers an anylysis of selected textbooks. The fourth chapter describes the preparations for teaching. The following chapter contains an evaluation of teaching according to the preparations.
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Divisibility for the future teachers on primary school
HRONOVÁ, Jana
The subject of the diploma thesis is the creation of study material relating the subject of theory of dividing for students trained to be teachers at primary school. In the first part of the thesis I am concentrating on theory of mentioned problem. The main target of the thesis in the second part is the collection of exercises for the students. In the third part of these I am checking the level of knowledge in the subject of divisions in natural numbers with ten years old autistics student that I take care during school instruction. The results of these tests are mentioned in the thesis.
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