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Zhodnocení škod mrazem na zakládaných lesních kulturách v podmínkách ŠLP ML Křtiny
Patáková, Aneta
On the forest property managed by ŠLP ML Křtiny, an assessment of the damage caused by late frosts on the plantations of forest trees was carried out. Data collection took place at the beginning of the growing season (from May to June), when woody plants begin to sprout and are exposed to the greatest risk of damage from late frosts. Frost events were measured using TMS data loggers, which record the ground air temperature using temperature sensors. The assessment was carried out on young cultures of beech, oak, spruce and fir with a maximum age of 3 years. A total of 28 leguminous areas of different sizes (categories up to 0.1; 0.11 – 0.5 and over 0.51 ha) were evaluated, on which the average damage of the assimilation apparatus was determined on a representative sample of 100 seedlings. The results showed that the most sensitive tree species to late frosts are beech (damaged 56.9 ±30.7% of seedlings) and fir (52.4 ±46.6%).
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Mortalita podsadeb buku lesního a jedle bělokoré vyzvednutých z přirozené obnovy
Gattnar, Matyáš
The main aim of this bachelor thesis was to evaluate the mortality of seedlings of white fir (from three different natural forest areas) and beech, which were collected and transplanted under spruce forest. The research was carried out in the Moravian-Silesian Beskydy Mountains in the Kyčera area, which is under the administration of the Forestry Service of the Czech Republic. Two decaying spruce monocultures were used. Several variants of forest beech and white fir from three different natural forest areas (Beskydy, Jeseník, Žďár) were planted on the nutrient habitats. The best results were obtained for the variant of rooted beech, which was planted in the spring of 2022. Of the fir trees, those taken from the Beskydy area fared best.
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Vliv modifikace bukového dřeva na parametry obrábění
Vencl, Jakub
The Bachelor´s thesis is focused on the observation of effect of beech wood modification on the energy parameters of chip machining. It is about a comparison of modifications of beech, i.e. Lignamon and Bendywood which will be compared to native beech. In the case of native wood, the results of experimental measurements were also compared to results calculated with conventional methods. The methods which were used were: Technological-statistical and Analytical method. The primary investigation was cutting force. It was found that modification of beech wood does not have a statistically significant effect on machining parameters. In a comparison of two theoretical methods in the case of native wood was found that the Technological-statistical method had better sameness with experiment. The disadvantege of those methods is that they cannot be used for modified wood.
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Renovation of the castle in Velké Němčice
Malínková, Valerie ; Muroň, Ivo (referee) ; Ležatka, Lukáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the restoration of a castle in Velké Němčice. The thesis builds on an architectural study carried out in the AG033 course of the Restoration of Monuments Studio. The task of the thesis is to create a complete project for the appropriate restoration and reconstruction of the castle and to propose its new utilization. At the same time, the thesis focuses on the solution of the castle's immediate surroundings. The object of the solution will be designed as a socially cultural object with administrative functions. The castle should serve as a new town hall, and in accordance with this, the following rooms will be created in the castle: a ceremonial hall, information center, mayor's office, secretary's office, registry office, accountant's office, archive, library, club room, refreshment facility, and interactive room. To achieve the implementation of the new operation in the castle, the correct restoration of the historical object is necessary. Using surveys and historical sources, I examine the architectural values and construction of the building. I strive to preserve historically significant layers, remove intrusive modern elements, and return the object its original expression. With the help of new technologies, I also strive to preserve the building for future generations. I propose minimum use of modern structures and elements, and therefore mainly focus on proper reconstruction and restoration.
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Analysis of methods for determining wood moisture by non-destructive methods
Změlík, Jiří ; Zach, Jiří (referee) ; Vaněrek, Jan (advisor)
Subject of this bachelor thesis is the analysis and comparison of hygrometers considering their price, availability and applicability. Theoretical part compared available types of hygrometers based on their operating principle. Subsequently, resistance, capacitive and microwave portable hygrometers were compared in more detail. There were five reviewed hygrometers in total, with three of them capacitive and one of each resistance and microwave. The measurement was performed on beech and spruce trees at gravimetrically known humidity, ranging from extremely low to extremely high values (even out of bounds recommended by the manufacturer). The evaluation of the methods was performed according to the Saaty´s AHP method. Hygrometers were then selected by their optimization. After the experimental part, the suitability of individual methods was determined. The best method was capacitive, followed by resistance and the worst microwave method.
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The dynamics of non-structural saccharides accumulation and Rubisco activity under the elevated carbon dioxide concentration and sink manipulation at beech
Uhrová, Lucie ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with dynamic of accumulation of non-structural carbohydrates and activity of Rubisco enzyme at elevated concentration of CO2 on beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Three years old seedlings of beech were cultivated in minisphere with ambient (385 µmol•mol-1, variant A), and with elevated concentration CO2 (700 µmol•mol-1, variant E) for four months. In every variant the first half of plants was fertilized by nitrogen (variant N+) and the second half was control (variant N-). Plants used for experiment were at first adapted for darkness for 12 hours. Subsequently tested leaves were cut off, leafstalk including short segment of branch (approximately 1 cm) was inserted into 0.7 M solution of sucrose (variant S) or water (variant V) and exposed to radiation 200 mol•m-2•s-1 for 0, 30, 60, 120, 180 minutes. Then leaf area and fresh mass of leaf blade were established, samples were fixed in liquid nitrogen and stored in deep freezer to analysis in –70 °C. Rubisco content was determined by SDS-PAGE method, Rubisco activity spectrofotometrically and content of non-structural carbohydrates by anthrone method and HPLC method. Rubisco content was significantly lower in the N- variant than in N+ variant. Rubisco content was also significantly lower in E than in A variant, which is an evidence of down-regulation. Rubisco activity is moderately stimulated at E variant with time, but differences between variant A and E are not statistically significant. Influence of sucrose feeding to Rubisco activity was not proved. Significant differences were detected by anthrone method in non-structural carbohydrates content between variants S and V, but not between variants A and E. Statistically significant increase of sucrose content with time was detected by HPLC method at variant AS, but not at variant ES.
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Diurnal changes of Rubisco content and its activity under ambient and elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide
Matulková, Zuzana ; Zemanová, Jana (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
In this diploma thesis, the diurnal changes of initial and total Rubisco activity and Rubisco enzyme content in beech (Fagus sylvatica) were studied under conditions of ambient (A) CO2 concentration (350 µmol.mol-1) and elevated (E) CO2 concentration (700 µmol.mol-1) during the day. Samples were taken on July 8th (from 10:00 to 21:30), on July 9th (from 04:00 to 12:00) and then on July 22th (from 04:00 to 21:30). The initial and total activity were measured spectrophotometrically and the activation level was calculated from the ratio of initial and total activities. Rubisco enzyme content was determined by SDS-PAGE method and the initial and total specific activity were calculated from the ratio of initial or total activity and Rubisco enzyme content. In our experiment no statistically significant difference was found between Rubisco activities in beeches cultivated under conditions of ambient CO2 concentration and elevated CO2 concentration, so any down-regulation of Rubisco activity did not appear under the influence of ambient CO2 concentration. Diurnal changes of Rubisco activities showed only statistically nonsignificant fluctuation. After daylight no significant increase of total Rubisco activity was observed, which demonstrates the absence or the immaterial effect of CA1P night inhibitor in beech. Intensive fluctuation of the activation level (40–90 %) proves the regulation of photosynthesis during the day via Rubisco enzyme carbamylation. Rubisco enzyme content in beech cultivated under conditions of ambient CO2 concentration was lower than that one in beech cultivated under conditions of elevated CO2 concentration. Then down-regulation of Rubisco enzyme content is presented under conditions of ambient CO2 concentration. Before daylight Rubisco enzyme content showed an indistinctive minimum on the level of statistical significance, during the day only nonrelevant fluctuation was noticed.
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Impact of elevated carbon dioxide concentration on the Rubisco amount and activity.
Zachová, Lucie ; Babák, Libor (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
In this diploma work changes of initial and total activities and content of Rubisco in beech and Norway spruce were studied. The plants were cultivated in conditions with ambient CO2 concentration (350 mol·mol–1) and elevated CO2 concentration (700 mol·mol–1). Three series of samples (at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of growing season) were taken. Initial and total Rubisco activities were measured spectrophotometrically and activation state was calculated. Rubisco content was determined by SDS–PAGE method. Rubisco activity in beech cultivated in elevated CO2 concentration decreased during the whole growing season while in beech growing in ambient CO2 concentration Rubisco activity decreased up to middle of growing season and then increased. Rubisco content in beech in ambient CO2 concentration slightly increased and in beech in elevated CO2 concentration decreased up to middle of growing season and then increased. Rubisco activities in Norway spruce both in ambient and elevated CO2 concentration decreased. Rubisco content in Norway spruce in ambient CO2 concentration decreased but in Norway spruce in elevated CO2 concentration first decreased and then increased.
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History of Civil Aviation 1970-2000
Sehnálková, Radka ; Bencalík, Karol (referee) ; Chlebek, Jiří (advisor)
The main subject of this bachelor’s thesis is concise and clear history of civil aviation between year 1970 and 2000. This era is typical with outset of large transport aircraft, which are intended for long distances and big number of passengers, but attention is also paid to aircraft, which are not for transport of so many passengers. Thesis is focus on concise description of individual aircraft, divided by its types of propulsions and producer.
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