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Nutritional strategy for long-distance cross-country skiers
Opočenská, Tereza ; Česák, Petr (advisor) ; Šimková, Michaela (referee)
Title: Nutritional strategy for long-distance cross-country skiers Objectives: The aim of the bachelor thesis is to answer as the clearest as possible the following research questions: 1. How appropriate diet affects the internal environment of the body long-distance cross-country skiers? 2. What composition of the diet and supplements is most suitable for long-distance cross-country skiers? 3. When to start eating regime that will help competitors prepare the body for the completion of remote cross-country skiing? Methods: We used the research of czech and foreign literature. We searched the scientific studies related to our theme through the service Google Scholar. We also drew from licensed Internet databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, ProQuest, OvidSP, JSTOR). Results: We found that long-distance cross-country skiers should follow the macronutrients and micronutrients content in connection with food intake. The ratios of nutrients taken depends on whether it is a period before the race, during the race or after its completion. However, a key role in all three phases perform carbohydrates. Optimal nutrition strategy should start no later than 1-3 days before the race. Keywords: sport, exercise, cross-country skiing, nutrition, food supplements, endurance, performance
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The reflection kinesiology analyse of cross country skiing
Chrástková, Martina ; Kračmar, Bronislav (advisor) ; Jandová, Soňa (referee) ; Dvořák, František (referee)
Title: The reflection kinesiology analyse of cross country skiing Purposes: To compare coordination of chosen muscles on leg during reflection of cross country skiing classic technique, skating and herringbone. Methods: Comparative analysis: the dates were measured by surface electromyography and 2-D video-analysis. Results: We founded statistical significance by comparisons muscle activation on right leg during kick during cross country skiing: classic technique, diagonal stride and herringbone and V-1 skating and herringbone. In case the left leg the statistical significance was disprove by: m. peroneus longus sin during comparison of diagonal stride and herringbone and m. gastrocnemius medialis sin V-1 skating and herringbone. We founded high level of laterality of diagonal stride and herringbone. In case V-1 skating, the significant similarity was not founded for m. vastus lateralis and m. gluteus medialis. Key words: Cross country skiing, classical technique, skating, herring bone, kinesiology, surface electromyography (EMG), muscles activation
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Involvement of the muscles of the upper body collected at time of cross-country skiing and during simulating exercises
Horyna, Roman ; Kračmar, Bronislav (advisor) ; Jandová, Soňa (referee) ; Hnízdil, Jan (referee)
Title: Upper body muscles activity in V2 skating technique, double poling and on a skiing machine Concept 2 Objectives: Comparison of involvement upper body muscles during V2 skating technique, double poling and on a skiing machine Concept 2. Methods: Comparative analysis: the dates were measured by surface electromyography and 2-D video-analysis. Results: We found statistically significant coordination similarity by comparisons muscle preactivation and activation during V2 skating technique and double poling. Trunk flexors musculus obliquus abdominis externus and musculus rectus abdominis showed unlike the main propulsion muscles, musculus pectoralis major, musculus triceps brachii and musculus latissimus dorsi, significantly higher preactivation during V2 skating technique and double poling in comparison to skiing machine Concept 2. Activation of the main propulsion muscles on a skiing machine Concept 2 is significantly higher than during V2 skating technique and double poling. Skiing machine Concept 2 cannot be considered as a specific training method for cross-country skiing. Long-term application may cause disruption of double poling technique. Key words: Cross country skiing, V2 skating technique, double poling, skiing machine Concept 2 (SkiErg), kinesiology, surface electromyography
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The analysis of interest in cross-country skiing during the coronavirus crisis
Skoupý, Tomáš ; Jindra, Matouš (advisor) ; Gnad, Tomáš (referee)
Title: The analysis of interest in cross-country skiing during the coronavirus crisis Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to analyze the visitors of cross-country skiing in Bedřichov, located in the Jizera Mountains, during the Covid-19 crisis. Methods: The main source of information for this thesis was acquired through a questionnaire form completed by the residents of Bedřichov Village in the Jizera mountains. The results revealed the coronavirus impact on the interest in cross country skiing. Results: Based on the questionnaire responses, an analysis of data was conducted from which an overview of individual questionnaire items was created. The overview results assisted in evaluating and verifying a total of 4 hypotheses previously established. 15 respondents participated in this process and their responses helped to verify such hypotheses. Conclusion: The results of analysis data confirmed all estabilished hypotheses. The main hypothesis was also confirmed, that is the interest in cross-country skiing had increased during coronavirus crisis due to the government measures. Keywords: cross country skiing, Covid-19, Bedřichov, public interest
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Involvement of the muscles of the upper body collected at time of cross-country skiing and during simulating exercises
Horyna, Roman ; Kračmar, Bronislav (advisor) ; Jandová, Soňa (referee)
Title: Upper body muscles activity in V2 skating technique, double poling and on a skiing machine Concept 2 Objectives: Comparison of involvement upper body muscles during V2 skating technique, double poling and on a skiing machine Concept 2. Methods: Comparative analysis: the dates were measured by surface electromyography and 2-D video-analysis. Results: We found statistically significant coordination similarity by comparisons muscle preactivation and activation during V2 skating technique and double poling. Trunk flexors musculus obliquus abdominis externus and musculus rectus abdominis showed unlike the main propulsion muscles, musculus pectoralis major, musculus triceps brachii and musculus latissimus dorsi, significantly higher preactivation during V2 skating technique and double poling in comparison to skiing machine Concept 2. Activation of the main propulsion muscles on a skiing machine Concept 2 is significantly higher than during V2 skating technique and double poling. Skiing machine Concept 2 cannot be considered as a specific training method for cross-country skiing. Long-term application may cause disruption of double poling technique. Key words: Cross country skiing, V2 skating technique, double poling, skiing machine Concept 2 (SkiErg), kinesiology, surface electromyography
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Verification of hyperoxia influence on performance in the team sprint modified for SkiErg
Schützová, Sandra ; Suchý, Jiří (advisor) ; Gnad, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Verification of the effects of hyperoxia on the result in a test simulating performance in a team sprint on SkiErg skiing simulator. Objectives: The work aims to verify the effect of hyperoxia on the result in a test simulating performance in a team sprint on SkiErg skiing simulator. Methods: This is a qualitative research conducted by comparing hart rate, power in watts and lactate in ten probands. Values measured after inhalation of concentrated oxygen and placebo were compared. Results: There was no positive effect from meansurements of the heart rate, power in watts and lactate after concentration of inhaled oxygen and placebo on the SkiErg simulator. We concluded that the effect of inhalated concentrated oxygen Was in our test statistically insignificant. Keywords: Cross-country skiing, strengh, hyperoxia, heart rate, lactate
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Comparison of load during diagonal striding and double poling on the roller ski during sprint
Čechová, Anna ; Suchý, Jiří (advisor) ; Gnad, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Comparison of internal loading on the organism by double poling and diagonal striding during the sprint on the roller ski Objectives: The aim of the diploma thesis is to compare the internal loading using the Cortex Metamax 3B and the SenzoStar GL devices in a two-hundred meters long section performed by the maximum effort between the double poling and diagonal striding about the 10.4% climb on roller skis. Methods: The diploma thesis is conceived as an empirical field research, the aim of which is to compare a double poling and diagonal striding in terms of internal loading on roller skis during sprint. The test subject will be a group of cross-country skiers and long-distance skiers. Results: Using the measured values of the internal loading and the measured time, we found differences during comparing the diagonal striding and double polling in specific values of SF, VO2 / kg, VE. the conclusion was that diagonal striding is faster than double poling to the uphill on roller skis. Keywords: XC-skiing, roller skis, Cortex MetaMax 3B, oxygen consumption, heart rate, lactate
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Nutrition of elite cross-country skiers in summer training
Pilná, Petra ; Coufalová, Klára (advisor) ; Kinkorová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Nutrition of elite cross-country skiers during summer preparation. Aims: The study aims to describe the nutrition of endurance athletes competing in cross-country skiing during summer training (season). Also, to discover what is the level of their energy balance and nutrient ratio. Lastly, to find out if supplements were used during the mentioned period. Methods: The research method was a structured survey consisted of open questions focusing on a type and quantity of consumed nutrition. Furthermore, the questions were centred around physical activity detailed of a concrete type, average heart rate, distance of taken mileage, intensity and calories burned. The questionnaire was sent electronically to five men who are among the representatives of the Czech Republic in cross-country skiing. Results: Three out of five elite cross-country skiers were in a negative energy balance of which the most significant difference between energetic expenditure and intake is 1338 kcal. The most notable differences were noticed in the consumption of carbohydrates opposite to the least difference in the protein intake. The percentual average of nutrients in the diet of all five elite cross-country skiers are 46,4 % carbohydrates, 34,4 % fats, 17,4 % protein of total energy intake. Four out of five respondents...
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Comparison of dynamic ability in nordic skiing's disciplines
Kožíšek, Čestmír ; Gnad, Tomáš (advisor) ; Chrástková, Martina (referee)
Title: A comparison of dynamic abilities in nordic ski disciplines Aim: This dissertation aims to compare the dynamic abilities of cross country skiers and ski jumper in age between 12 to 15. Clarification of whether or not a training process of those two athlete groups has a crucial impact on the development of mentioned abilities compared to the other hobby sports group (target group). Methodology: This dissertation is conceived as empiric-theoretical. It analyses the results of samples to verify the hypothesis. There were three groups consisting of 10 samples (athletes) in total. The samples were tested in horizontal jumps (long jump, triple jump, multiple jumps) and vertical jumps (squat jump, counter movement jump). In all tests, it was decided to use only the best of all three attempts for the results. Findings: Development of dynamic abilities during the training process has a positive impact on their development in general. Both cross country skiers and ski jumpers achieved better results than the target group. Furthermore, ski jumpers performed better than cross country skiers. Keywords: physical health, sport performance, cross country skiing, ski jumping, squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), long jump, triple jump, multiple jumps
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Inclusion of mental coach in the sports preparation of the Czech Republic A-Team in cross-country skiing
Sováková, Nikol ; Gnad, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jindra, Matouš (referee)
Title: Inclusion of mental mental coach in the sports preparation of the Czech Republic A- Team in cross country skiing Objectives: The aim of this work in to find out the justification of the need to include a mental coach in the sports preparation of the national team of cross-country skiing Methods: The research was carried out in the research design of grounded theory. As a method of data collection was used semi-structured interview, data were evaluated using open, axial and selected coding. Results: Basedon interviews conducted with twelve respondents (6 men and 6 woman), members of the czech republic national team of cross-country skiing, the inclusion of a mental coach in the preparation of the national team is desirable. Key words: cross-country skiing, psychological preparation, mental coach, sport performance
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