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Reform of the UN Security Council and the associated stumbling block
Jindřich, Petr ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
Reform of the UN Security Council and a stumbling block associated with it - abstract This thesis deals with matter of the Security Council reform, the most crucial body of the United Nations. It examines approaches of eleven specific countries which are divided into two groups. The first group is comprised by permanent members of the Security Council, the second one by states which, in case of their creation, could claim new permanent seats in this body. This thesis examines not only their real policies, but also their policies from theoretical - specifically neorealistic - point of view. Two different hypotheses were deduced from neorealism which were tested and subsequently evaluated as (in)valid. Hypothesis emerging from a standard neorealism put emphasis on policy whose goal is to maintain, alternatively to increase a state's autonomy (autonomy-seeking policy). International organizations are viewed as entity which limits, to some extent, this autonomy. On the other hand, hypothesis emerging from a modified neorealism put emphasis on policy whose goal is to gain, alternatively to increase influence on other actors (influence-seeking policy). On the contrary, within this policy international organizations are an useful entity because it is possible to achieve such an influence by means of them. In the...
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Application of Game Theory on Decision Making in UN Security Council
Rozsypal, Jakub ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Halás, Matúš (referee)
Bachelor thesis Application of Game Theory on Decision Making in the UN Security Council quantitatively examines decisions of permanent Security Council members in the period between 1985 and February 2011. In the first part, theoretical framework of game theory as such is described. In the second part, formal functioning of the Security Council is explained with emphasis on vetoing. In the third part, the model itself is formulated. It is based especially on the model of Two-Level Games of J.Putnam and also the Strategic Perspective. Permanent members of the Security Council are categorized according to their degree of democracy/autocracy into three types. These types are then assigned to corresponding states. A mechanism is then developed that accounts for both gains on the domestic level as well as international level. The thesis postulates that because states have different mechanisms of acquiring utility, the trends in Security Council voting will be different. Statistical analysis of the data follows and shows a considerable dependence between type of the actor and usage of the veto. Democratic type is more likely to use the veto power than the other types. This persists even if accounted for uneven distribution of different types in the Security Council.
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Humanitarian intervention in Kosovo in context of theory of just war
Košťáliková, Barbora ; Rolenc, Jan Martin (advisor) ; Trávníčková, Zuzana (referee)
Intervention in Kosovo in 1999 that was led by NATO´s military forces had severe influence on the whole region. Both society and leading authorities were not united in the opinion on the execution of this operation. The goal of this thesis is to analyse the humanitarian intervention in Kosovo according to specific criteria of just war and evaluation of this intervention in the terms of just war. The theoretical part is based on theory of humanitarian intervention and a theory of just war, which is afterwards applied in the next chapter.
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Reform of the United Nations Security Council
Křesinová, Dominika ; Rolenc, Jan Martin (advisor) ; Lehmannová, Zuzana (referee)
The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945. It is obvious that the status quo from that year cannot reflect the needs of present world. Because of this fact it is necessary to approach a reform. But the question is what the reform should deal with. There are plenty of reforming efforts in discussion. These proposals do not take into consideration only the reform of the Security Council but also other bodies within United Nations. In my thesis I will focus only on reforming the Security Council as a main body of the whole organization that should be able to react on security threats flexibly. The feasibility of UN reform depends on the agreement of the permanent members that can due to their veto right block any of the proposals. And for the time being, they use their privilege to do so because they are afraid of limitations of their rights and position. We cannot come up only with a clear proposal how to reform but also it is necessary to focus on the proper arguments why the permanent members should agree with the reform. The main target of the following master thesis is to find out whether the reform is feasible based on accessible information with respect to hindrances and positions of permanent members that are currently more passive than active.
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Sanctions on arms trade during the conflict in Sudan
Vaňatová, Martina ; Trávníčková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Druláková, Radka (referee)
This thesis focuses primarily on the international sanctions imposed by the UN Security Council and the European Union on Sudan. The first part analyses the multilateral sanctions from the theoretical point of view, focuses on the arms embargo and describes the process of implementation by UNSC and EU. To put these sanctions into context, the second part deals with the historical course of events in Sudan. The next part describes the development of implemented UN and EU sanctions and emphasizes the current sanctions regime. The supply chain of arms to Sudan can be found in the last part of this thesis, together with the analysis of Sudan-China relationship which is crucial for the conflict resolution.
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The role of the UN in solving the Syrian problem
Pejchal, Vladislav ; Matějka, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Novotná, Yvona (referee)
This thesis deals with the Syrian conflict. The Syrian conflict has continued for over three years (April 2014) and still constitutes a topical and developing affair. It represents a pressing and unresolved national and international issue. There is a vast amount of groups with different ideas involved in this conflict. During the conflict, conventional, as well as chemical weapons were used. The consequences of the fighting are mostly faced by local inhabitants who have been severely suffering due to the harsh living and humanitarian conditions. The aim of this thesis is to depict the problems of the Syrian conflict, evaluate the role the UN has had up to the present, and answer the question whether the UN has totally failed in solving the Syrian conflict, or not.
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Role of the United Nations in Iraq in 2002-2005
Janečka, Martin ; Volenec, Otakar (advisor) ; Knotková, Vladimíra (referee)
The thesis primarily aims to describe main events and a role of the United Nations in Iraq in 2002-2005. However, since broader knowledge in needed, the thesis also deals with historical events in Iraq and in the UN Security Council. Equally, it seeks to explain in a concise manner the specificities in Iraq that played or play an essential role. In the period after the American invasion in 2003 the thesis confront US expectations and plans with the reality on Iraqi soil and UN standpoints. In fact, the link through the whole thesis is the depiction of the relationship between the US and the Security Council and after the invasion also with UN Assistance mission in Iraq (UNAMI). Given the limited extent the thesis is concluded by the elections to the permanent Iraqi parliament in December 2005.
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