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Ekonomické dopady podpory výroby energie z fotovoltaických článků v České republice
Krška, Štěpán ; Hrubý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Cahlík, Tomáš (referee)
v Abstract The bachelor's thesis focuses on the generation of energy from photovoltaic cells in the Czech Republic and calculation of costs resulting from a support of renewable energy sources. Second part, following a short introduction, contains a brief description of the energy market in the Czech Republic and definitions of renewable energy sources. Third part covers photovoltaic energy in general. It deals with its historical development, technology and potential in the Czech Republic. Fourth part concerns with a legislation and contains a basic overview of the energy legislation of the Czech Republic and the European Union. Fifth part elaborates on the potential of other renewable sources in the Czech Republic and based on expert studies outlines their possible future development. Sixth part comments on the situation of photovoltaics in other states and brings a view of the support of renewable sources in Germany, Spain and Italy. Seventh (analytical) part deals with an analysis and calculations of the costs of the support of individual renewable sources including photovoltaics, cogeneration and secondary resources. The thesis is ended with a conclusion summarising the main results of the work.
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Coal-fired power plants: cheap electricity vs. clean environment
Krydl, Ondřej ; Loužek, Marek (advisor) ; Kozák, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the importance of coal-fired power plants on the market of electric energy, with emphasis on aspects that fundamentally affect their production. Coal-fired power plants belongs nowadays among socially unpopular source of electricity. In recent decades intensively growing interest groups that support state intervention and regulation of the energy sector. This is essentially a massive promotion of renewable energy sources at the expense of fossil fuel plants. Analysis of individual power sources shows that despite the current restrictive measures imposed on power plants burning fossil fuels, and especially coal-fired power plants, electricity produced from coal resources is still competitive, despite some drawbacks has many positive qualities. Coal-fired power plants produce higher amounts of greenhouse gases and other pollutants than other types of power plants. On the other hand, they are able to provide a stable supply of electricity to transmission network, and thus partially offset the high volatility of electricity supply from renewable energy sources. The price of electricity from coal-fired power plants could be considered as relatively low in comparison with other energy sources. The analysis shows that in terms of practical economic policy is not economically justified to reduce the proportion of coal-fired power plants in the total production of electricity.
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Partial Solution of Hybrid System with Low-Temperature Fuel Cells and Renewable Sources
Ptáček, Michal ; Mišák, Stanislav (referee) ; Tlustý,, Josef (referee) ; Matoušek, Antonín (advisor)
The thesis deals with the principle functions of low-temperature fuel cells with proton exchange membrane (PEMFC), photovoltaic sources (PVPP) and wind energy sources (WPP), along with solving their detailed mathematical expressions. In this work, the individual sources and their simulated models are analyzed in depth. The actual simulation is preceded by familiarization with important historical milestones in the development of fuel cells. Furthermore there is a basic classification of fuel cells and the characteristics of the cells used in the energy sectors. The text also provides information on projects that address the implementation of PEMFC as a primary or supplementary source of energy. Along with outlining the options for PEMFC as a perspective hydrogen technologies in the near future, the basic methods of hydrogen production and storage options are presented for the complexity. The work is exclusively focused on improving PEMFC mathematical models that under the hybrid system cooperate with renewable energy sources (RES). Part of the theses contains a short review of run or modeled concepts of hybrid systems in the energy sector. Using these models the main deficiencies of the models or of the whole PEMFC system can be identify. Specifications of the deficiencies lead to the creation of a new advanced dynamic PEMFC model that allows an analysis of the development of electrical and non-electrical quantities using long term tests. Furthermore, the thesis presents results of the experiments of thermal and dynamic behavior PEMFC, which were obtained from the additionally extended model with a reformer and the DC/DC converter. In this text there is a model of a photovoltaic module created, which is based on the nominal values parameterization. The model is subjected to basic experiments in which measured hydrometeorological data are used. If the hybrid system utilizes renewable energy sources, it is good to know the evolution of atmospheric conditions in the installation of these resources. Specifically for PVPP, publicly available databases containing information about solar radiation levels can be used for the selected location. Public databases are often used for initial design and manufacturing options for PVPP. An evaluation of the relevancy of public databases is performed based on a long-term observation of real measured data. Furthermore, these data are used for experiments on the photovoltaic module. Partially the text addresses the issue of the wind energy sources, however, it is simulated only on a simplified model of WPP. Created models of subsystems can be generally implemented as partial inputs hybrid systems in the future work. The thesis was developed at Centre for Research and Utilization of Renewable Energy (CVVOZE) with the financial support of the National Programme for Sustainability and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under the project no. LO1210 - Energy for Sustainable Development and the project no. FEKT-S-14-2520 - New Technologies for Sustainable Development of Electrical Power Systems. The thesis was also generated under the project no. TA03020523 - Dynamic model of distribution network with the financial support of Technology Agency of the Czech Republic.
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Cogeneration influence on power industry and power market in Czech Republic
Dudáš, Michal ; Cerman, Marek (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
The main goal of this master’s thesis is to find out the impact of future development in combined heat and power technologies, especially the impact on power market in Czech Republic regarding to historical development of photovoltaics and subsidy policy. There are three scenarios of installed power growth designed including calculations of renewable energy source financial fee as well as overall evaluation. The paper also deals with current status of combined heat and power technologies in Czech Republic, European Union and USA as well as legislature framework of CHP in Czech Republic and EU. There are also kinds of state grants described. In economical part of the paper there are NPV’s of particular cogeneration units calculated. The calculations were made both with current investment costs and reduced investment costs.
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Development of trade in electricity in the EU
Fučík, Václav ; Němcová, Ingeborg (advisor) ; Vošta, Milan (referee)
The main aim of this thesis is analysis of history, present and future development of cross-border trade in electricity in the EU. A number of instruments is used -- analysis of generation mix, the role of renewables, degree of international interconnection and usage of these routes, institutional organization of the sector and price convergence of national markets. The research's output is the description of past and recent development and a forecast of possible future progress at the national level. The outcome of this thesis enables the reader to fully understand the complexity of EU electricity market and its probable future direction.
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"Large" amendment to the Act on the promotion of electricity production from renewable energy sources and its impact on practice
Tzenkov, Ivan ; Štěpánek, Petr (advisor) ; Černý, Pavel (referee)
This Bachelor Degree Final Paper deals with the legal support of the development of renewable energy sources in the Czech Republic especially in view of the solar industry. The text includes an overview of basic legal norms of the area before and after the Czech Republic's accession to the European Union, relationship of legislation to unleashing a solar revolution and the impacts of the situation on business conditions in the industry. Next part is devoted to the amendment of the fundamental statute remedying the unstable situation, as well as to the new prepared statute, which will integrate the area of renewable energy sources into a single piece of legislation. The conclusion examines the impacts of legislative changes on the owners of solar power plants and also considers the investment opportunities for persons interested in photovoltaics.
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Legal aspects of usage of Renewable Energy Sources
Szennai, Tomáš ; Štěpánek, Petr (advisor) ; Černý, Pavel (referee)
This Bachelor Degree Final Paper is supposed to provide the reader with complex overview of specific legal regulation of use of renewable energy sources. The main focus is set on Czech legal provision. However basic description of law of the European Union in the respective field, as a corner-stone for the one of the Czech Republic, is also contained. Additionally former provision that regulated usage of RES before admission of the Czech Republic into the EU is included. The very last chapter of the paper offers brief study of most recent European directive concerning the respective field.
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