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Engineering plastics for specific applications
Vrátný, Martin ; Kebrle, Ondřej (referee) ; Kandus, Bohumil (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis is focused on heat resistance and chemical resistance of plastics. The first part deals with properties and usage of selected plastics. The second part includes description of heat resistance and chemical resistance. Selected plastics are compared in table by their resistance. In conclusion the plastics are compared by detected data and suitability of plastics in environment with higher temperatures and aggresive chemical impacts.
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Phase-separated systems biopolymer-lipid
Kubalová, Barbora ; Pekař, Miloslav (referee) ; Mravec, Filip (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with experimental study of interaction based on polymer-lipid system. The main goal was to investigate interaction leading to phase separation. Three anionic polyelectrolytes were selected for this purpose: sodium hyaluronate, sodium chondroitin-6-sulfate and sodium poly(4-styrenesulfonate). The liposomes were formulated by sonication of lipid – cationic 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-trimethylamonium-propane (chloride salt) and zwitterionic 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine. It was found that the phase separation occured at specific ratio of DPTAP and selected polymer. It was also explored that the strong electrostatic interaction which leads to the phase separation can be weaken by increasing the ionic strength in the sample. As we aspected the systems contain the hydrophobic domain and therefore these are able to incorporate hydrophobic substances in their structure.
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Organic semiconductors and their applications
Galbička, Tomáš ; Sedláček, Jiří (referee) ; Hubálek, Jaromír (advisor)
Bachelor’s thesis is deals with a problem of organic semiconductors, where are describe fundamental principles of charge transport and explanation of basic organic structures. There is described basic operation and layering of simple organic parts especially organic diode. There are practical tests of electrical properties of two different polymer diodes PLEDs. Where in this experimental part are present characteristics of these parts and them comparison at variant ilumination and mutually measuring.
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Stents and their applications in medicine
Sokl, Antonín ; Němec, Karel (referee) ; Molliková, Eva (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis, which deals with types of stents and their use in medical area, is the provision od detailed reserches of the most frequently used biomaterials, namely details of metals, ceramics, polymers and composites, considering the suitability of their use for the production of substitutes for particular human body structures. The introductory chapters are devoted to external and internal fixation for fractures, dental implants and replacement of renal function. The following chapters deals with stents and their possible variations, especially the chapters are about esophageal stents, prostatic stents and ureteral stents. The final part of this thesis contains a detailed definition of coronary stents, their functional and shape modifications.
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Recyclation of Plastics
Lasota, Ondřej ; Němec, Karel (referee) ; Molliková, Eva (advisor)
Plastic materials thanks to their properties like strength, durability, versatility and relatively low cost has gained this much popularity. With their constantly increasing amounts contribute to the waste. Most frequent method of waste disposal is landfill, which is due to plastic’s durability undesirable and causes serious problem for the environment. This bachelor thesis focuses on the use of secondary raw materials obtained from polymer waste. Large amounts of generated polymer waste can be appropriately designed methods processed to produce fuel, to modify asphalt mix and to reinforce concrete. Different methods are analyzed and their advantages and disadvantages are shown.
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X-ray nano computed tomography of structured polymeric biomaterials
Kalasová, Dominika ; Oberta,, Peter (referee) ; Kataja, Markku (referee) ; Kaiser, Jozef (advisor)
Tato práce se zaměřuje na pokročilou zobrazovací technologii, rentgenovou počítačovou tomografii (CT). Tato nedestruktivní technika je využívána pro výzkum různých biomateiálů ve tkáňovém inženýrství a materiálové vědě obecně (skafoldy, polymery, keramické materiály, kompozity aj.). Vizualizace a kvantifikace ve 3D jsou výhodné v rámci multidisciplinárního přístupu, který je často v těchto odvětvích uplatňován. Záměr této práce lze rozdělit do dvou oblastí. Prvním tématem je optimalizace měřicí procedury různých měkkých materiálů pomocí CT s laboratorními rentgenovými zdroji. To zahrnuje převážně zobrazování ve fázovém kontrastu, konkrétně metodu volného šíření záření (VŠZ). Tato práce teoreticky popisuje VŠZ a demonstruje tento jev na řadě experimentů. Následné nezbytné zpracování dat získaných VŠZ je implementováno a vyhodnoceno na základě míry zlepšení obrazových dat. Druhé téma ukazuje konkrétní aplikace CT v materiálovém inženýrství. Několik studií s různými CT zařízeními ukazuje příklady možných aplikací a obrazového zpracování. Příklady korelace CT dat s jinými doplňkovými technikami ukazují, jak může být CT aplikována v multioborovém přístupu ke komplexnímu řešení vědeckých problémů.
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Design of single-crystal sample holder for high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance
Gabriš, Andrej ; Kern, Michal (referee) ; Sojka, Antonín (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis discusses the design and manufacture of non-resonant sample holder for the study of oriented crystals, which is used for high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (HF-EPR). The first part of the thesis is a theoretical introduction to EPR with the application of high frequency (80-1100 GHz) and high magnetic field (16 T). This work further analyzes the topic of crystal samples anisotropy and introduces the review of materials suitable for a sample holder, which is used in low-temperature conditions (4 K). The practical part of the thesis deals with the constructional design of the rotary sample holder. This section also compares the manufacturing possiblities of the selected parts of the sample holder: machining (milling and turning) and 3D printing. Lastly, this work describes the development of the user interface for automatization of an EPR spectrum measurement.
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Reactive extrusion of polymers by peroxides
Červený, Ladislav ; Petruš, Josef (referee) ; Kučera, František (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with processing of two types of PP, HDPE, LDPE, PET, PA, PS, PMMA and ABS by reactive extrusion in presence of peroxides. The theoretical part summarizes existing knowledge about processing of used polymers. Reactive extrusion was carried out with a single screw extruder at 260 °C, 30 rpm and 60 rpm depending on peroxide used. One type of PP was processed in presence of Luperox 101, hydrogen peroxide, dicumyl peroxide and potassium persulfate. Luperox 101 and hydrogen peroxide were chosen for reactive extrusion of other polymers. The efficiency of selected peroxides on radical modifications of individual polymers during processing was evaluated by methods of rheological (MFI), structural (FTIR) and thermal (DSC) analysis.
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Design of manufacturing technology for plastic lever
Adamec, Lukáš ; Orel, Daniel (referee) ; Kandus, Bohumil (advisor)
The aim of this project is to design the most suitable technology for manufacturing of the set component. The project contains theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with division of polymer material and the description of the technology suitable for production of the set component. The practical part concentrates on the mould design of the set component including calculations and needed technological parameters of injection moulding operation.
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