|
|
Analysis of restrictive rhematizers in Czech and in Spanish
DJUROV, Andrea
This thesis is focused on the study of restrictive focusing adverbs in the Czech and Spanish languages. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part describes the exclusion focusing adverbs in both languages using secondary literature. The practical part uses the parallel corpus to examine what lexical equivalents correspond to individual Czech focusing adverbs, and shows their individual semantic or positional differences in detail.
|
|
|
Czech in aphasia: what can off-line experiments tell us?
Flanderková, Eva ; Mertins, Barbara (advisor) ; Nebeská, Iva (referee) ; Lehečková, Helena (referee)
$EVWUDFW 7KH GLVVHUWDWLRQ H[DPLQHV DSKDVLD LQ WKH &]HFK ODQJXDJH 7KH ILUVW WKHRUHWLFDO SDUW LV IROORZHG E\ D VHFWLRQ RI VL[ H[SHULPHQWV SHUIRUPHG E\ ILIWHHQ &]HFK DSKD VLF SDWLHQWV 7KH WKHRUHWLFDO FKDSWHU ILUVW DGGUHVVHV WKH UROH RI DSKDVLRORJ\ LQ FR JQLWLYH VFLHQFH DQG )RGRU¶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
|
|
|
English tough-constructions and their Czech counterparts
Dudáková, Petra ; Popelíková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Dušková, Libuše (referee)
This thesis deals with English tough-constructions and their Czech translation counterparts. Tough-constructions are constructions the verb phrases of which most frequently contain an adjective and their object is placed into the position of a subject (e.g. he is difficult to get on with). These constructions have no Czech syntactic equivalent. The transposition of the object into the subject position is also possible with some nouns and verbs. Adjectives or nouns complementing the infinitive phrase (a.k.a. tough-predicates) then evaluate the action or the object of the action expressed by the infinitive phrase. The aim of this thesis is to determine how these English constructions are translated into the Czech language. For the purpose of the analysis one hundred instances of the English tough-constructions together with their Czech translation counterparts were extracted from the InterCorp, a parallel English-Czech corpus. The analysis itself focuses on the examination of their syntactic structure, realization of the verb, the translation of the adjective, temporal reference and functional sentence perspective of the Czech semantic equivalent of the English subject. key words: tough-constructions, translation counterparts, tough-predicates, syntactic structure, functional sentence perspective
|
|
|
Thematic progression in selected journalistic texts
Jirmusová, Petra ; Popelíková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Brůhová, Gabriela (referee)
The thesis studies thematic progression (TP) in selected journalistic texts. Thematic progression, a concept introduced by FrantišekDaneš (1974), draws on the theory of functional sentence perspective (FSP). According to FSP, overwhelming majority of sentences contain the theme and the rheme, i.e. elements carrying the lowest and the highest degree of communicative dynamism (CD), respectively. Despite being the least dynamic element, the theme plays an important role in the organization of the text; its progression throughout the text notably contributes to textual cohesion. The empirical part of the thesis is based on Peter H. Friesʼs (1995) assumption that patterns of thematic progression (TP) do not occur randomly, but different patterns of thematic progressions correlate with different genres. The aim of the thesis is to ascertain which pattern of thematic progression might be specific for the newspaper genre. For this purpose, thematic progression will be observed in two different journals - USA Today and New York Times - concerning the same subject matter; the 2016 US presidential election. For the analytical part, fifty utterances will be extracted from each article. Finally, the articles will be compared in terms of the prevailing pattern of thematic progression. key words: thematic...
|
|
|
Strong adjectival forms in Early Middle English: a syntactic and FSP perspective
Kupková, Tereza ; Čermák, Jan (advisor) ; Popelíková, Jiřina (referee)
The Master's thesis proceeds from a corpus-based analysis and focuses on strong forms of Early Middle English adjectives. A formal distinction between weak and strong adjectival forms had disappeared during the period of Middle English, the work, therefore, aims at the transitional period between Old and Middle English, when the strong forms could still be identified, either due to the relics of inflectional endings, syntactic position, or context. A representative sample of the most frequent adjectives was chosen from the corpus comprising the extant Middle English texts with help of specific searching code. Consequently, the strong forms were manually chosen from these according to their formal characteristics and position in the sentence. This sample was then analyzed from the syntactic point of view, as well as from the point of view of functional sentence perspective. The results of the analysis show that the indication of indefiniteness was mostly expressed by the mix of syntactic and contextual means in EME. It has also been found out that the adjectives, being used both attributively and predicatively, were by rule part of the rheme.
|
|
|
"Be/have", "have/be" as equivalents of Czech "být/mít"; and "být/mít", "mít/být" as equivalents of English "be/have" in parallel texts: a comparison of the semantic and information structure of divergents counterparts.
Procházková, Ilona ; Dušková, Libuše (advisor) ; Brůhová, Gabriela (referee)
This diploma thesis examines translation counterparts of the English verbs be and have and the Czech verbs být and mít. It focuses on instances with a divergent translation counterpart, i.e. instances in which be corresponds to mít and have corresponds to být in the English-Czech direction, and instances of být being reflected as have and mít as be in the Czech - English direction. The aim of the paper is to determine to what extent divergent verb counterparts are used in the translation, whether the target language has available alternatives with a verb counterpart identical with the original, and what are the motivating factors that influence the choice of a divergent verb counterpart. Another objective is to examine the changes in the syntactic and semantic structure connected with the use of a divergent verb counterpart, and to assess their impact on the functional sentence perspective. The research used material from the parallel Intercorp. A total of 164 examples with a divergent verb counterpart was excerpted and the research was divided into four parts, according to the source language and the verb. The use of divergent verb counterparts was explained mostly by a lexical gap in the target language, or by semantic and stylistic factors and to a smaller extent also by the influence of the...
|
|
|
Translation of several chapters of the biography Rebecca's Revival: Creating Black Christianity in the Atlantic World by Jon F. Sensbach
Hučíková, Jana ; Ženíšek, Jakub (advisor) ; Grmela, Josef (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the translation of the prologue and the first two chapters of the biography Rebecca's Revival written by Jon F. Sensbach, a professor of history at the University of Florida and the problems which may arise during the translation. The thesis comprises two parts, one of which is the actual translation of the work and the second part consists of my analysis of the problems I encountered during the translation. Due to the literary style in which the biography is written I focused especially on the grammatical interferences between Czech and English. As a support for my analysis I used the works dealing with translation theories written by Zlata Kufnerová, Dagmar Knittlová and Jiří Levý and the grammar book written by Libuše Dušková.
|
|
|
Rhematic subjects in written English: regular preverbal position vs. focusing by it-cleft
Kudrnová, Anna ; Dušková, Libuše (advisor) ; Brůhová, Gabriela (referee)
The thesis aims to describe and compare the use of two English syntactic structures: sentences with a rhematic subject in the preverbal position and it-clefts with focused subject. It does so from the viewpoint of functional sentence perspective as conceived and elaborated by the members of the Prague Linguistic School and their Brno School followers. The main goal of the thesis is to determine whether the constructions are mutually exclusive or whether they can be under certain circumstances interchangeable. For the purposes of the analysis, 200 example sentences were collected from contemporary fiction, i.e. 100 for each construction. Subsequently, their relevant features were examined, especially those concerning dynamic semantic scales and realization form of the subjects; these aspects were expected to differ. The analysis has shown that each of the constructions has rather specific uses and they overlap only rarely, in sentences in which the two basic dynamic semantic scales, the Presentation Scale and the Quality Scale, intersect.
|
|
| |
|
|
Syntactic and FSP aspects of the existential construction in Norwegian
Dubec, Pavel ; Štajnerová, Petra (advisor) ; Dušková, Libuše (referee) ; Mørck, Endre (referee)
The aim of the present thesis is to analyze the Norwegian existential construction (presenteringskonstruksjonen) with regard to syntax, static semantics, dynamic semantics, and functional sentence perspective (FSP). The thesis first introduces the firbasian FSP theory in general, demonstrating the concepts on Norwegian examples. Then the theories most relevant for the study of the existential construction are summarized. The analysis is carried out on a sample of 1000 instances (500 taken from fiction and 500 excerpted from academic prose), and focuses mainly on the notional subject, the verb, and a possible adverbial. The syntactic analysis includes the position and the structure of the notional subject and adverbials. In addition, the lexical semantics of the head words and static semantics of adverbials were observed. The FSP analysis focused on the FSP functions of the individual clause elements and the FSP patterns the existential construction may realize. In addition, the dynamic semantic roles were studied in relation to the static semantic roles. The aim of the analyses is to find out in what circumstances the existential construction may realize the presentation scale or the quality scale, and what functions the construction may perform. The thesis observes the application of FSP on real...
|
guest ::
