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The Reception of Friedrich Ludwig Jahn and his Ideas in the German Gymnastic Club
Klement, Martin ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Županič, Jan (referee)
The goal of this paper is to analyse the evolution of the perception of the German gymnastic movement founder Friedrich Ludwig Jahn (1778-1852) and of his ideology in the German Gymnastic Club. Since the eighties of the 19th century, the Jahn's ideas had been specifically interpreted in the gymnastic clubs in Lower Austria. This interpretation, under the direct influence of growing racial anti-Semitism, consisted of an extreme national and racial intolerance. The clubs, since 1889 associated in German Gymnastic Club, gradually made their way to the radically national movement that gained the epithet of "völkisch". Various methods have been applied to determine how the club adopted, interpreted and in its own way also changed the Jahn's teaching in the field of the language, physical exercise, national and anti-Semitic ideology and, last but not least, in terms of festivities and symbology. The result of the study has shown that the "völkisch" interpretation of Jahn's controversial ideas enabled the Club to lay the foundations for the new ideology which was to become dominant in the gymnastic movement of the German speaking countries in the thirties of the 20th century.
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Urban Festivities and Cultural Events as Instruments of Urban Revitalization and Development
Čermáková, Eva ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Doc.PhDr.Jana Šafránková,CSc. (referee) ; Ing.arch.Eva Staňková (referee) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (advisor)
The central aim of this research is to contribute to the debate on the actual and potential role of urban festivities in urban development of cites areas. For some time, policy makers, planners and architects have realized the great importance of urban festivities and cultural events in revitalization and development of urban areas. They pay attention to both direct or indirect impact of such activities. A variety of festivities and cultural events have started to been incorporated into large-scale architectural and urban projects. They have also been employed as political tools. By now, it is generally accepted that urban festivities and cultural events are important investments contributing to the integration of communities and overall improved representation of the urban region. They often provide the urban environment with a new meaning and/or character. The proposed research is investigating and analyzing the potential effects of urban festivities and cultural events on the transformations and new perceptions of urban spaces and how they can be used as policy tools. It focuses on organized open-air activities in urban public spaces (including urban centers, neighborhoods and peripheries). Principal results of this research are based on the cooperation of two research centres: the Institute of Theory, School of Architecture, Brno University of Technology in Czech Republic and Laboratory for Theories on Urbanism, French Planning Institute, Paris VIII University in France.
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The Entry of Maximilian II into Vienna in 1552
IVANEGA, Jan
The work deals with the entry of Maximilian II into Vienna in May 1552. The work is based on theoretical suggestions of sociology, and by the range of examined questions it endorses attitudes of historic anthropology. The entry is analyzed on the basis of Barbara Stollberg-Rillinger methodological starting points. She understands the early modern period rituals as a symbolic communication area in which the hierarchy of society is mirrored. Research in Habsburg entries in the 16th century carried out by Václav Bůžek served for the comparison. The search was based on three Latin pieces written by two different authors dealing with the entry topic. The methodical and source attitudes are introduced in the first chapter. The entry is described as a subject of historic search and there is provided an outline of the historiography view on Maximilian II. The next chapter describes, on the basis of work with literature and the analysis of sources, the journey from Spain to Vienna. The next chapter represents the core of the work in which the creation of a picture of distinguished persons mentioned in the sources, especially Maximilian II, his wife Marry of Spain, and an important person in Maximilian{\crq}s escord Adam of Dietrichstein, is examined. The pieces authors{\crq} attitudes to the Turkish imperia are indicated at the same time. In the picture attachment a selection of Maximilian II portraits is provided. In these the identical elements with the ruler{\crq}s description submitted in the analyzed sources are searched. The conclusion of the work summarizes the results of the search. From the author{\crq}s point of view, the searched entry did not differ from the series of Habsburg fests. In the sources Maximilian II is celebrated as a member of a distinguished ancestry with an exceptional nobleness, a patron of art and a conqueror of Turks who is protected by a fairy hand.
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Customs, festivities and way of living in Bavaria.
POSPÍŠILOVÁ, Lenka
The dissertation concerning a given topic {\clqq}Customs, festivities and way of life in Bavaria`` focuses on one federal country in Germany and the process of its festivals and traditions. The work is divided into 3 parts, where there is gradually explained the wide range of traditions. In the introduction there are mentioned and described the particular terms used in the work. At the beginning the reader is informed about the typical local traditions in individual regions of Bavaria. The separation of this federal country gives the possibility to compare traditions and festivals. In the following parts there are chapters where the seasons of the year are defined. There are mentioned the festivals and traditions according to their occurrence in actual season of the year {--} the religion festivals, the agricultural traditions and other celebrations. In some examples there is briefly described the gastronomy of the festival. In the last part of the work there is compared some Bavor´s festivals to Czech ones. The choice is limited on the main religion festivals, which are held in both countries. There is mainly described the process and variety of Christmas and Easter celebrations. The all three parts of the work are completed with the enclosed maps and pictures. These enclosures can help the reader to make the complete conception of the mentioned traditions and festivals. The aim of this work is first of all the introduction of different celebrations in Bavaria and giving such kind of the formation that can push out the frontiers of culture knowledge.
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