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Cadaveric bone marrow transplantation: effects of hypoxia and metabolic starvation on mouse hematopoietic stem cells
Linhartová, Jana ; Šefc, Luděk (advisor) ; Průcha, Miroslav (referee) ; Šinkorová, Zuzana (referee)
Objectives: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a widely used method for treatment of hematological disorders and some other diseases. However, sometimes a suitable donor of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) is not found for a patient. Because HSC have been described as cells with low proliferative and metabolic activity, their tolerance to the lack of oxygen or metabolic substrates may be assumed. In this study, we explored cadaveric bone marrow as an alternative source of HSC for HSCT, using a mouse experimental model. In addition, the effect of in vitro metabolic inhibition and short-term in vitro storage (1 - 4 days) on functional properties of mouse HSC was investigated. Methods: C57Bl/6 mice (wild-type or p53-/- ) were used in the experiments. To explore cadaveric HSC, bone marrow (BM) was left in intact femurs at 37řC, 20řC and 4řC under the conditions of ischemia. The bone marrow cells were harvested after defined time periods ranging 0 - 48 hours. For metabolic inhibition, the electron transport chain inhibitor potassium cyanide (KCN) and inhibitor of glycolysis 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) were used in vitro. To determine the impact of ischemia, metabolic inhibition, or in vitro storage on transplantability of HSC, the competitive repopulation assay using Ly5.1/Ly5.2 congenic model...
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Anastomosis in the peripheral arterial bed, its shape, arrangement, and remodeling
Grusová, Gabriela ; Lambert, Lukáš (advisor) ; Křivánek, Jiří (referee) ; Guňka, Igor (referee)
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) of the lower limbs affects more than a fifth of the population over the age of 65 in the developed countries. PAD decreases the quality of life. It can lead to the loss of the limb or even death. Various risk factors that overlap with the risk factors for CHD and CMP have been identified. Chronic forms of PAD are staged according to Fontain's classification. Diagnosis of PAD is based on the clinical presentation, physical examination (including measurement of blood pressure difference) and confirmed by imaging methods. Treatment of PAD consists of influencing risk factors, treating symptoms and revascularization. Femoropopliteal bypass is the most common surgical procedure performed for revascularization. The conduit can be either a vein or a prosthesis. The preferred connection to the popliteal artery is an end-to-side anastomosis. It carries the risk of occlusion due to thrombosis, intimal hyperplasia, or progression of atherosclerosis. Intimal hyperplasia is a physiological response of the vessel wall to abnormal blood flow - turbulent flow, stagnation, oscillating flow, recirculation. The development of intimal hyperplasia can be influenced by constructing the anastomosis with regard to its hemodynamics - mainly the angle of the anastomosis, the ratio of the...
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The role of glial cells after ischemic stroke and their therapeutic potential.
Gorgol, Anastasija ; Kriška, Ján (advisor) ; Danačíková, Šárka (referee)
Stroke is one of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide. It causes a disruption in the blood flow in the brain. It affects neurons, but also glial cells, which play important roles in the course of the disease. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to provide an overview of the possible therapeutic use of glial cells in ischemic stroke (focal cerebral ischemia). The work also provides an overview of the main types of glial cells in the central nervous system, describes the function of individual glia in the healthy brain and during ischemia, and focuses on their potential in neuroprotection and brain regeneration.
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Case Study of Physiotherapeutic Care for a Patient Diagnosed with Ischemic Stroke
Jansová, Doubravka ; Vláčilová, Ivana (advisor) ; Vomáčková, Helena (referee)
Author: Doubravka Jansová Supervisor: PhDr. Ivana Vláčilová, Ph.D. Title: Case Study of Physiotherapeutic Care for a Patient Diagnosed with Ischemic Stroke Objectives: The aim of this bachelor thesis was to summarize theoretical knowledge about ischemic stroke and to develop a case study of a patient after an ischemic stroke. Methods: The thesis is divided into a general and practical part. In the general part, the thesis focus on describing the theoretical background of this diagnosis using professional literature. The practical part presents a case study of a patient with whom I had the opportunity to collaborate during a continuous professional practice at the Rehabilitation Inpatient Department at Na Homolce Hospital in Prague from January 30 to February 9, 2024. The case study includes patient examination, proposed therapy based on initial values, daily therapy records, and evaluation of the subsequent therapy effect. Results: During several therapeutic sessions, most of the short-term physiotherapeutic plan goals were achieved, including preventing the development of spasticity, preventing muscle shortening, maintaining joint ranges of motion, improving the active mobility of the left extremities, improving the sitting and walking stereotype, and increasing independence in daily activities....
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Analysis of experimental ECG
Maršánová, Lucie ; Janoušek, Oto (referee) ; Ronzhina, Marina (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of experimental electrograms (EG) recorded from isolated rabbit hearts. The theoretical part is focused on the basic principles of electrocardiography, pathological events in ECGs, automatic classification of ECG and experimental cardiological research. The practical part deals with manual classification of individual pathological events – these results will be presented in the database of EG records, which is under developing at the Department of Biomedical Engineering at BUT nowadays. Manual scoring of data was discussed with experts. After that, the presence of pathological events within particular experimental periods was described and influence of ischemia on heart electrical activity was reviewed. In the last part, morphological parameters calculated from EG beats were statistically analised with Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey-Kramer tests and also principal component analysis (PCA) and used as classification features to classify automatically four types of the beats. Classification was realized with four approaches such as discriminant function analysis, k-Nearest Neighbours, support vector machines, and naive Bayes classifier.
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Software for ECG analysis
Plch, Vít ; Hejč, Jakub (referee) ; Ronzhina, Marina (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with design and construction of tool for analysing electrocardiograms. The theoretical part deals with the origin of the action potential, propagation of the action potential through conduction system of the heart, failure of electrical impulse propagation through the con-duction system; different aspects of disorders, which can be found in experimental electrograms recorded from animal isolated hearts (database of electrograms, the Department of Biomedical En-gineering, FEEC, BUT), are also discussed. Software for electrograms draw and annotation available on the DBME, namely EG_Anotation and EG_RR_View, are described. As a result, the design and construct of ECG_ANN, the tool for the electrograms annotation, is proposed with regard to the advantages and disadvantages of mentioned software. At the end of the bachelor thesis there are the guide for ECG_ANN and discussion about problems which appears in design and construct of this tool.
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Correlation dimension analysis for heart rate variability analysis
Ptáček, Ondřej ; Čmiel, Vratislav (referee) ; Janoušek, Oto (advisor)
Bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). By focusing on the analysis of HRV in the time domain and mainly using correlation dimension. It is necessary to propose a methodology for evaluating changes in HRV data using these two techniques of analysis and the comparison of the two approaches. Subsequently create an application in MATLAB for analysis of HRV, which is able to evaluate the effect of changes in HRV caused by ischemia. In the last section it is necessary to discuss the results and the comparison of the two approaches to detect changes induced by ischemia.
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Detection of ischemia in ECG
Tichý, Pavel ; Smital, Lukáš (referee) ; Ronzhina, Marina (advisor)
This paper describes the manifestations of ischemia in the ECG signals and summarizes some methods allowing automatic detection of ischemia. Morphological features were then calculated from ECG signals available from UBMI and statistically evaluated to select features appropriate for further automatic classification. Multilayer feedforward neural network was used for classification of heart beats. The neural network was designed in Matlab. Classification performance up to 99.9% was obtained on available dataset.
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