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Environmental Aspects of Pyrotechnic Mixtures.
Mešková, Michala ; Bednařík, Karel (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
The submitted bachelor thesis deals with the study of pyrotechnic compositions and their influence on the health and environment. It explains the nature and ingredients used in pyrotechnic compositions. During burning these compositions release different compounds, toxic or non-toxic into the atmosphere in large quantities. In this work the issue of toxicity of selected alkali, alkaline earth metals and the other harmful metals was explored. The pyrotechnic compositions containing Ba, As, Pb and Cd were investigated in more detail. When burning the pyrotechnic compositions release noxious substances into the air first. Then these substances reach due to wet or dry transport mechanism the other components of the environment and mix with them. These compounds have diverse negative effects both on humans and the environment and other animals.
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Production of connector
Kočka, Jiří ; Rumíšek, Pavel (referee) ; Žák, Ladislav (advisor)
The diploma thesis deal with the proposal of connector manufacturing from bronze sheet CuSn6, thickness 1.5mm in production volume of 1.600.000 parts per year. From considered manufacturing variants there was chosen shearing and forming technology of thread in the progressive stamping die. For part production was selected pressing machine Bruderer 1250 with nominal pressing force 1250 kN from company E. Bruderer Maschinenfabrik AG. In the economical evaluation there were determined expenses 21.6 Kč per one piece including demanded profit. The turning point was calculated at production of 165.522 parts.
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Transfer of radioactive environmental load to the population of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) in selected localities of the south-western part of the Czech Republic
KOUBA, František
The contamination of the food chain of wild boar by post-Chernobyl radioactive fallout is a continuing problem in the forest ecosystems of certain localities in the Czech Republic. This study/PhD thesis is therefore focused on the evaluation of the results of radioactive contamination by radiocaesium (137Cs) of meat of wild boar caught in the localities of Novohradské Mountains and Šumava National Park in the period from December 2012 to December 2019. The aim of the work was to evaluate the occurrence of radioactive load in wild board, identification of possible seasonal trends in measured values of 137Cs, as well as possible differences in selected localities, and to evaluate the presence of 137Cs in raw materials of animal origin, specifically from wild boar, as a possible source of contamination in the human food chain. During the monitored period from December 2012 to December 2019, 137Cs content was measured in 1607 samples of wild boar, of which 654 samples were from the Novohradské Mountains in the South Bohemian Region and 953 samples from the Šumava - South Bohemian and Plzeň Region. The threshold value of 600 Bq/kg of the total amount of caesium was exceeded in 763 samples out of the total number of 1607, which is 47.5%. The maximum value of 137Cs activity was 22,540 Bq/kg, the median value was 522,4 Bq/kg and the average value was 1368,2 Bq/kg. Statistically significant differences were found between localities Novohradské Mountains and Šumava National Park. Samples from Novohradské Mountains exceeded the threshold 600 Bq/kg in 238 out of a total of 654 samples (36,4 %) of caught wild boar. In samples from the Šumava National Park, samples exceeded the threshold in 525 out of a total of 953 samples (51,1 %). When assessing the seasonal effect of the measured values of 137Cs activity in caught wild boar, statistically significant differences were detected in the winter period (November - April), when 137Cs activity reached higher values. The average value in the winter was 1674,23 Bq/kg, the median value was 741,87 Bq/kg while in the summer period (May-October) the average value was 1022,69 Bq/kg and the median value was 376,51 Bq/kg. Differences in measured values are also visible when taking into account the seasonality. In the period from December to May (each monitored year) there was a noticeable increase in measured values in the localities of Novohradské Mountains, in contrast, in the locality of the Šumava National Park this seasonality is not reflected. In general, higher measured values of 137Cs activity were shown by samples from localities of closed forest ecosystems with no or minimal share of pastures and agricultural land.
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Biomarkers of epithelial ovarian tumors and of the endometrium
Presl, Jiří ; Novotný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Špaček, Jiří (referee) ; Fingerová, Helena (referee)
Structured abstract Study objectives: Ovarian carcinoma 1/ comparison of sensitivities among monitored markers CA 125, HE4, CA 19-9, CEA, TK, TPS, MonoTotal 2/ comparison of false positivity of markers CA 125 and HE4 3/ use of CA 125, HE4 and ROMA index in the diagnostics of ovarian carcinoma 4/ use of CA 125 and HE4 in the follow-up of ovarian cancer Endometrial carcinoma 1/ feasibility of use of biomarkers CA125 and HE4 in patients with endometrial cancer in pre- operative management Study design: Retrospective data analysis Settings: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty and Teaching Hospital in Pilsen Patients and Methods: Ovarian cancer 1/ Sensitivity of markers CA 125, HE4, CA 19-9, CEA, TK, TPS, and MonoTotal was assessed in 266 patients - 19 with ovarian cancer and 247 with benign disorders. 2/ False positivity of markers CA125 and HE4 was evaluated in a total of 390 patients with benign diagnoses - 60 women with endometriosis, 70 pregnant patients, 67 patients with ascites, 60 with pleural effusion, 25 with cardiac failure , 80 with renal insufficiency and 28 with hepatic failure. 3/ As a part of this objective we evaluated 552 patients with abnormal pelvic abnormality - 30 women had a histologically confirmed malignant ovarian tumor. Other 522 women had a benign condition. The...
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Synantropní flóra a vegetace severozápadního okraje města Brna
Melicharová, Montana
This diploma thesis focuses on the survey of synanthropic flora and vegetation on the northwestern outskirts of the city of Brno. It includes the northwestern part of the Bystrc and Kníničky city districts, the adjacent surroundings of the Brno Reservoir and a substantial part of Mniší hora. The explored area is precisely demarcated by 4 squares corresponding to 1/16 of the basic field of the Central European network mapping (6765CAa+b+c+d). The abundances of the found species were noted and information about their origin and degree of threat was added later. The most important findings include the information about their exact location. Selected specimens of determined, well collected and pressed species are prepared to be stored in a herbarium. The phytosociological plots were sampled to characterize diverse habitat types located in the area. On the whole, I found 522 plant species in the defined area, of which 134 are non-native and 37 species belong to the category of plants with a specific threat level. The most interesting findings are Stachys annua and Anthriscus caucalis belonging to the strongly endangered category (C2 t). There are two more interesting findings that were located on the bridge to the ZOO, Panicum miliaceum and Setaria italica, and the expanding Cornus sericea on the bank of the river Svratka. I found overall 25 invasive species, 19 of them are neophytes and 6 of them are archaeophytes. The acquired data will be included to the freely available database of Flora of Brno. A large number of other botanists contribute to this database, who record new, but also the most common plant species that get sometimes overlooked.
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Conductivity Of Lithium Perchlorate Salt Dissolved In Different Types Of Solvent
Gottwald, Tomas ; Vondrák, Jiří
Lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) is usable crystalline salt for electrolyte in a rechargeable lithium ion battery (LIB). LiClO4 is an inorganic compound with white color. In the present study the conductivity and the electrochemical behavior of electrolytes based on LiClO4 was examined by using impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear voltametry (LSV) measurement at a room temperature. The resistance (conductivity) of electrolytes with different molar concentration of LiClO4 dissolved in different types of the solvent was measured in the first part of this work. In the second part electrochemical behavior of two electrolytes with the highest conductivity was measured and evaluated by using a potential window. At the end the sodium perchlorate NaClO4 (for NIBs) was measured in this study too.
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Trading volume and expected stock returns: a meta-analysis
Bajzík, Josef ; Havránek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Červinka, Michal (referee)
I investigate the relationship between expected stock returns and trading volume. I collect together 522 estimates from 46 studies and conduct the first meta-analysis in this field. Use of Bayesian model averaging and Frequentist model averaging help me to discover the most influential factors that affect the return-volume relationship, since I control for more than 50 differences among primary articles such as midyear and type of data, length of the primary dataset, size of market, or model employed. In the end, I find out that the relation between expected stock returns and trading volume is rather negligible. On the other hand, the contemporaneous relation between returns and volume is positive. These two findings cut the mixed results from previously written studies. Moreover, the investigated relationship is influenced by the size of country of interest and the level of its development. Besides the primary studies that employ higher data frequency provide substantially larger estimates than the studies with data from longer time periods. On the contrary, there is no difference among different estimation methodologies used. Finally, I employ classical and modern techniques such as stem-based methodology for publication bias detection, and I find evidence for it in this field. 1
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Local Isolation Of Microscale Defective Areas
In Monocrysline Silicon Solar Cells
Gajdos, Adam
This article is aimed on characterization of silicon solar cells microstructural inhomogeneities. To detect inhomogeneity or imperfection, reverse biased current voltage (I-V) measurement is used. These imperfections in some cases may cause avalanche type of breakdown, that can be visible in I-V curve. Therefore, the fact that certain imperfections emit light is used for localization needs. Raw localization is provided by electroluminescence (EL) method. Near-field scanning microscopy (SNOM) combined with photomultiplier tube is used for microscale localization. Both methods are done in reverse bias. Isolation of inhomogeneity by focused ion beam (FIB) is avoiding leakage current flow through it.
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Alkaloids of Papaver rhoeas L. (Papaveraceae) and their biological activity related to Alzheimerʼs disease II.
Čakurdová, Marta ; Chlebek, Jakub (advisor) ; Hošťálková, Anna (referee)
Čakurdová, M.: Alkaloids of Papaver rhoeas L. (Papaveraceae) and their biological activity related to Alzheimer's disease II. Diploma thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové, 2017. The aim of this work was focused on isolation of alkaloids from the fraction 1 (joined fractions 20-27), which was obtained from the summary alkaloid extract of Papaver rhoeas L. (Papaveraceae). The alkaloids were identified by structural analysis NMR, GC-MS, optical activity and melting point. Two alkaloids were identified as (-)-stylopine and (+)-rhoeadine. Isolated substances were tested on ability to inhibit the enzymes acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and prolyloligopeptidase. Obtained data were expressed as IC50 values: (-)-stylopine (IC50 AChE = 522 ± 67 µM, IC50 BuChE = >1000 µM, IC50 POP = >790 µM); (+)-rhoeadine (IC50 AChE = 915 ± 64 µM, IC50 BuChE = >1000 µM, IC50 POP = >790 µM). None of the isolated substances showed so potent cholinesterase inhibitory activity as the alkaloids galanthamine (IC50 AChE = 1.71± 0.065 µM, IC50 BuChE =42.30 ± 1.30 µM) and huperzine A (IC50 AChE = 0.033 ± 0.001 µM, IC50 BuChE = >1000 µM) or rivastigmine (IC50 AChE = 0.037 ± 0.001 µM, IC50 BuChE = 3.3 ± 0.3 nM)....
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Acoustic Analysis of Sentences Complicated for Articulation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease
Kiska, Tomáš
This paper deals with acoustic analysis of hypokinetic dysarthria. Hypokinetic dysarthria is a speech motor dysfunction that is present in approximately 90% of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The work is mainly focused on parameterization techniques that can be used to diagnose or monitor this disease as well as estimate its progress. Acoustic analysis can be used to estimate a grade of hypokinetic dysarthria in fields of phonation, articulation, prosody and speech fluency. Regarding the parameterization, new features based on RASTA method were proposed. The analysis is based on parametrization of sentences complicated for articulation. Experimental dataset consists of 101 PD patients with different disease progress and 53 healthy controls. For the purpose of feature selection we employed mRMR (minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance) method.
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