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Estimation of above ground woody biomass of SRC hybrid poplar clone J-105 in different fertilizer treatments in Czech-Moravian highland
Tripathi, A.M. ; Trnka, Miroslav ; Fischer, Milan ; Orság, Matěj ; Fajman, M. ; Marek, Michal V. ; Žalud, Zdeněk
Short rotation coppice poplar hybrid clone J-105 (Populus nigra x P. maximowiczii) is studied as an alternative source of bio-energy in the region of Czech-Moravian Highland. The plantation was established in 2001 at the locality Domanínek in the vicinity of Bystřice nad Pernštejnem (Czech Republic, 49o32’N, 16o15’E and altitude 530 m a. s. l.) where mean annual rainfall of 609 mm and mean annual temperature of 7.2oC was recorded between 1981 and 2010. The total area planted with the clone was close to 1.5 ha with total plantation area being close to 3.5 ha. The plantation with planned density of 9,216 trees ha-1was established on the former agricultural land and the length of the rotation cycle was set to 6-8 years. At the beginning of the second rotation period i.e. in spring 2009 (following winter harvest), the plantation was divided into four randomized blocks with different nutrient treatments and three replicates (4×3). These treatments comprised of application of mineral NPK fertilizer (nitrogen 305 kg ha-1, phosphorous 154 kg ha-1 and potassium 291 kg ha-1), sewage sludge (4200 kg/ha-1) and ash (1000kg ha-1) and lime (5 ton ha-1), while control was with natural nutrients content only (deposition and leaves mineralization). The objectives of the study were to estimate the above ground annual yields (based on allometry and stem inventory), the mortality and the shoot to stump ratio as the main productivity characteristics.
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Applicability of Bowen ratio energy balance method in fetch limited conditions
Pozníková, G. ; Trnka, Miroslav ; Fischer, Milan ; Orság, Matěj ; Žalud, Zdeněk
Water plays a key role in the climatic processes of the Earth. In terrestrial ecosystems the main component of water loss is evapotranspiration. One of the standard techniques used to measure evapotranspiration indirectly is the Bowen ratio energy balance method (BREB). This study focuses on the quantification of errors caused by insufficient fetch (upwind distance from the edge of investigated cover) using data from two BREB systems obtained through intensive summer 2012 campaign. The measurement took advantage of one mobile and one fixedly positioned BREB systems employed at turf grass cover from the prevailing north-west wind direction surrounded by broadleaved trees, poplar stoolbed dirty road and buildings at experimental station in Domanínek near Bystřice nad Pernštejnem. Surprisingly, the results showed no significant systematic deviation between the reference BREB with sufficient 180 m long fetch and mobile BREB positioned at fetches between 10 to 100 m. Moreover, it was not found any impact of the fetch on non-systematic errors leading to the conclusion that the fetch did not have any effect on the overall data quality and consistency. One of the explanations may be very similar response to soil moisture conditions of the selected contrasting living ecosystems and thus their similar Bowen ratios.
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The dynamics of temperature in birdboxes
Slavíková, Z. ; Žalud, Z. ; Bartošová, Lenka ; Fischer, Milan ; Trnka, Miroslav
The aim of the study was to detect the changing temperature in bird boxes of two bird species-collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis, T.) and great tit (Parus major, L.). The work is the result of the monitoring of nesting bird species for two years (2009 and 2010) by temperature sensors. Data was continuously recorded for several different breeding pairs with the micro-datalogers MINIKIN. Temperature sensors were fixed directly into the nest with eggs and also in the upper part of bird boxes or outside the boxes. Temperature data was then processed and analyzed. Experimental work was carried out in a floodplain forest in nature reserve Plačkův les a říčka Šatava near Vranovice, altitude: 170; latitude: 48°56´54´´; longitude: 16°35´50´´. The forest is dominated by full-grown, multi-aged canopy with no forestry management. Experimental site belongs to the same natural biogeocenoses group (i.e. Ulmi-fraxineta carpini) and to the same geobotanical group (i.e. suballiance Ulmenion of the Alnion incanae alliance). Our initial hypothesis assumed that the temperature of eggs in the nest and also the time spent in the bird boxes by both bird species (collared flycatcher and great tit) do not differ significantly. The results showed that during the period when the eggs were layed (by both bird species) the temperature were significantly however the temperature of eggs of collared flycatcher and great tit during the period of incubation were very.
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Calibration of the selected crop growth models for spring barely
Pohanková, E. ; Trnka, Miroslav ; Hlavinka, Petr ; Takáč, J. ; Kersebaum, Ch. ; Orság, Matěj ; Fischer, Milan ; Pokorný, E. ; Žalud, Zdeněk
The climate change is one of the most discussed global problems. One option how to estimate the effects of expected future climate conditions on plant production is the use of the crop growth models. Our aim was the calibration of two models (Daisy and Hermes) based on observed and measured data that were collected for spring barley (represented by cultivars Tolar and Blaník) at experimental site Bystřice nad Pernštejnem during 2011 and 2012. The onset of flowering was underestimated by an average of 1.1 and 1.6 days and maturity by 5.8 and 9.0 days using Daisy and Hermes respectively. On average Daisy systematically underestimated yields by 0.3 t/ha-1 and Hermes overestimated yields by 1.24 t/ha-1. We expect further improvement of these models estimates using the available result from the following years
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Stomatal conductance of short rotation coppice based on sap flow measurements and its response to chosen meteorological variables
Orság, Matěj ; Trnka, Miroslav ; Fischer, Milan ; Kučera, J. ; Žalud, Zdeněk
The main aim of this study was to derive stomatal conductance (gs) from sap flow measurements and explore some of possible applications of this method. Sap-flow and other meteorological variables were continuously monitored in poplar-based short rotation coppice (SRC) plantation in Bystřice nad Pernštejnem during growing season 2012. Sap flow of 8 trees was measured using heat dissipation method, then expressed as transpiration per square meter of projection area and by adding into rewritten Penman-Monteith equation the canopy conductance (gs) was obtained. Compared with direct measurements on leaf level this approach is advantageous for obtaining gs, because of integrating all leaf categories of tree or whole canopy. Further analysis also proved, that gs is strongly driven by VPD. Finally, it was found that the relationship between gs and VPD is also influenced by available soil moisture content.
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