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Joint Models for Longitudinal and Time-to-Event Data
Vorlíčková, Jana ; Komárek, Arnošt (advisor) ; Omelka, Marek (referee)
Title: Joint Models for Longitudinal and Time-to-Event Data Author: Jana Vorlíčková Department: Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Arnošt Komárek, Ph.D., Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Abstract: The joint model of longitudinal data and time-to-event data creates a framework to analyze longitudinal and survival outcomes simultaneously. A commonly used approach is an interconnection of the linear mixed effects model and the Cox model through a latent variable. Two special examples of this model are presented, namely, a joint model with shared random effects and a joint latent class model. In the thesis we focus on the joint latent class model. This model assumes an existence of latent classes in the population that we are not able to observe. Consequently, it is assumed that the longitudinal part and the survival part of the model are independent within one class. The main intention of this work is to transfer the model to the Bayesian framework and to discuss an estimation procedure of parameters using a Bayesian statistic. It consists of a definition of the model in the Bayesian framework, a discussion of prior distributions and the derivation of the full conditional distributions for all parameters of the model. The model's ability to...
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Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator Method
Vorlíčková, Jana ; Červinka, Michal (advisor) ; Rusnák, Marek (referee)
The main intention of the thesis is to present several types of penalization techniques and to apply them in economic analyses. We focus on penalized least squares, with a main topic being the lasso. The penalization methods are commonly employed to data sets with a relatively large number of the variables as compared to the sample size. These methods simplify the model by shrinkage of the estimates of the coefficient of the irrelevant variables to wards zero or they put these estimates equal to zero, i.e. they produce a sparse solution. Namely, we present the following methods: ridge regres sion, best subset selection problem, lasso and elastic net. We discuss several applications of the lasso in the current economic and finance research and hence present the lasso in more details. In the practical part of the thesis, we analyze a real economic data using the elastic net, the ridge regression, the lasso and the ordinary least squares method. We use the mean squared error as the measure of performance of the respective method. The penal ized least squares methods surpass the ordinary least squares method, with the elastic net being the best performing method. Keywords penalized least squares, lasso, elastic net, ridge regression, penalization tech niques in economics 1
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Position of war refugees in international law
Vorlíčková, Jana ; Honusková, Věra (advisor) ; Faix, Martin (referee)
The purpose of my thesis Position of war refugees in international law is to analyze particular types of protection of war refugees, to construe unclear legal provisions and to evaluate suitability of possible solutions. The thesis focuses on specifics of the position of war refugees and on options of their protection. The research question relates to the determination who a war refugee is and how his situation is solved in international law. The reason for this research is my great interest in refugee law and the current instability of the position of war refugees. The methodology used during writing the thesis was the analysis, comparison and description. The thesis is composed of three chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of the position and the protection of war refugees. Chapter One defines characteristics of war refugees and addresses the issue of armed conflicts. Chapter Two concerns individual options of protection of war refugees in international law. This part concentrates primarily on issues related to the broader refugee definition, asylum and subsidiary protection. Within this chapter subsidiary protection is examined from a general point of view, as well as in relation to provisions of particular legal instruments. Furthermore, it pays close attention to the law of...
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Analysis of the macroenvironment of the company VLAMA s.r.o.
VORLÍČKOVÁ, Jana
The aim of this bachelor work "Analysis of the macroenvironment of the company VLAMA s.r.o." is to identify factors of macroenvironment that have direct impact on the company by the means of STEP analysis. Furthermore the current situation of the company is evaluated by the means of SWOT analysis. On the basis of results from both carried out analyses and obtained information the changes that would lead to improvement of current status are suggested.
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