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Light verb constructions and their exploitation for morphological annotation
Vyskočilová, Karolína ; Petkevič, Vladimír (advisor) ; Radimský, Jan (referee) ; Kettnerová, Václava (referee)
iv Abstract This Ph.D. thesis deals with light verb constructions (LVCs), such as provádět kontrolu (to perform a check) or chovat úctu (to show respect). It demonstrates how to apply theoretical knowledge of these constructions into practice, exploiting it during morphological disambiguation and thus potentially improving syntactic analysis. The theoretical part of the thesis covers three areas: light verb constructions, corpus annotation, and LanGr rule-based morphological disambiguation tagging. At first, LVCs are characterized, including their identification criteria, followed by a description of the current state of research on LVCs and a summary of papers published on the topic over the last fifteen years, with a particular emphasis on the syntactic approach to these constructions. A compilation of existing LVC inventories is also provided. Furthermore, Czech National Corpus written corpora tagging process is outlined, as it is closely related to the LanGr tool. Finally, LanGr rule creation and code implementation are covered. The practical part of the thesis addresses nominative-accusative case homonymy. New rules for the LanGr system are also developed to improve morphological annotation. In a case study, the most frequent forms of direct object LVCs are retrieved using data from the SYNv10 corpus....
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Contemporary Italian composites
Radimský, Jan
The thesis does not include an abstract in English The thesis does not include an abstract in English The thesis does not include an abstract in English The thesis does not include an abstract in English The thesis does not include an abstract in English Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Alteration as a productive type of word-formation in Italian language
Sehnal, Roman ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Hamplová, Sylva (referee) ; Radimský, Jan (referee)
This thesis analyses the word s which, beside their basic (or denominative) function, have the power to express various grades of emotional emphathis of the user of the language. In the Italian terminology these word s are called "alterate" and are formed mainly by augmentative and deminutive suffixes and prefixes. The Italian language, indeed, has a rich source of "alterate words" that allow the speaker not only to identify objects or facts of extra-linguistic reality; but also to express speaker's emotional involvement, mood, temper or feelings. This phenomenom is not characteristic in every modern language. Among the European languages, only Slavonic languages seem to be able to compete with Italian in the examined field. One of the basic problems of augmentative/diminutive expressions is to distinguish their denominative and evaluative characters. Border1ines between the stylistically neutral (denominative) and the stylistically coloured (connotative) augmentatives/diminutives are rather blurred. Especially for the non-native user of the Italian language, it can be veryenigmatic to understand the nuances conveyed by such words as casa (house), casone (big house), casaccia (bad house), casetta (little house), casuccia (nasty house). For this reason the representative lexical material obtained from...
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Romance Suppletion: Central and Peripheral Phenomena in the Diachrony of Verbal Paradigms
Ripamonti, Fabio ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Radimský, Jan (referee) ; Klímová, Eva (referee)
(in English): In the present work, the aim is to discuss the occurrence of verbal suppletion in Romance languages within a representative, theoretical and practical framework that may be reflected in the tradition of language studies and by the most reliable theories at the beginning of the 21st century. In an attempt to prove through this issue how aspects of language system that might at first seem arbitrary are not really as such, but in fact need a proper perspective in order to be able to deal with them systematically. In the first part, the theoretical framework of the thesis is presented, starting with varying aspects of European and American structuralism, reaching to the current ongoing debate concerning issues related to "pure morphology" - the main reference model at present for a comprehensive analysis of the topic. In the second part, the discussion is more specifically oriented to verbal suppletion and treatments reserved by different linguistic perspectives, not always available to be considered as a topic worthy of attention because of its extreme unpredictability and irregularity. The third part dedicates a consistent space to the analysis of the morphomes that can be found in Romance languages (U/L-pattern, N-pattern, PYTA roots, blended morphomes) and to their evolution in a...
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Nominal Collocations in the Italian Civil Code
Tomaščínová, Jana ; Radimský, Jan (advisor) ; Štichauer, Pavel (referee) ; Skřejpek, Michal (referee)
The thesis deals with different aspects of nominal collocations in Italian legislation, respectively in the Italian Civil Code (codice civile). The introductory part focuses on theory and is divided into two areas. The first area covers the most important legal and linguistic issues of the language of law and its lexical means. The description of individual legal texts according to their functional styles is drawn from an analysis of individual functions of law as a complex social phenomenon. The practical part of the thesis focuses on three groups of issues. First, all excerpts were subject to the grammatical, syntactic and conceptual analyses. The second and third chapters deal with an analysis of the main issues from the perspective of translation and lexicography respectively. Special attention is paid to the existence or absence of an identical concept in both the Italian and Czech legal systems, differences in the content and scope of related concepts and potential equivalents.
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Adjectival networks. On the grammar of French denominal adjectives
Strnadová, Jana ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Radimský, Jan (referee) ; Namer, Fiammetta (referee)
in English This dissertation studies su xal derivation of adjectives from nouns in French. It is based on a lexicon of about 15, 000 adjectives, 40% of which may be considered deno- minal. I rst present the data under investigation. I describe the Dénom database, which was derived from large scale lexica. In order to assess the position of denominal adjectives in the more general adjectival system, I present a classi cation of French adjectives on the basis of their morphological properties. In the process, I spot cases where the fringes of the class of denominals are unclear, and question the distributional and semantic co- hesion of the class. I nally review di erent types of formal or semantic mismatches between the adjective and its base noun. In a second step, I present a study of the formal and semantic properties of a subset of denominal adjectives where the morphological relation between base and derivative is regular. This subset is selected on the basis of the type frequency of formal patterns of alternation between base and derivative. I describe the phonological and morpholo- gical properties of base nouns, with the aim of uncovering factors that play a role in the formation of adjectives. This leads to the observation of morphological niches, that is, cases where the presence of a...
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A corpus analysis of the semantic interpretation factors of the French gérondif
Nádvorníková, Olga ; Loucká, Hana (advisor) ; Sládková, Miroslava (referee) ; Radimský, Jan (referee)
in English A corpus analysis of the semantic interpretation factors of the French gérondif The aim of this work is to analyse factors influencing the interpretation of the implicit meaning of the French gérondif (Ger), and to explain, on the basis of this research, the semantic functioning of this non-finite verbal form (in connection with its equivalents in Czech). Our departing point is that the Ger form functions as an interpretation instruction, which defines the means of the integration of the action of the Ger into the action of the main proposition. This interpretation instruction defines the semantic invariant of the Ger, and thus its basic meaning; other meanings are derived on the basis of complex interactions of syntactic, lexical and pragmatic factors. The method used to examine these factors is based on a computer analysis of wide data acquired from monolingual and parallel corpora (FRANTEXT and InterCorp). Part I presents a summary of the results of the latest research of Ger and defines the specific factors: morphological which determine the essential interpretation instruction of the Ger (I.1.1) and basic relationships of aspect and time between the Ger and the main proposition (I.1.2); syntactic which define the Ger as a predication (I.2.1), its syntactic function in the context of...
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The nominal suffixal derivation in pre-classical French
Štichauer, Jaroslav ; Zavadil, Bohumil (advisor) ; Radimský, Jan (referee) ; Pešek, Ondřej Matthew (referee)
The present PhD thesis deals with nominal suffixal derivation in pre-classical French (about 1550-1610). Based both on traditional data collection and on available digital corpuses, especially Frantext, it first strives to define basic concepts such as language standard, problems of periodization, productivity, lexicalization, paradigmatization, panchronic validity of word-formation rules etc. On selected derivational patterns, it also tests the operationality of Optimality theory (OT) and other mechanisms (i.a. paradigmatization) in diachronic perspective. In several follow-up chapters, it then analyzes, from a diachronic point of view, a number of suffixes (-age, -aison, -ance, - ment, etc.).
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Some syntactic features of the Italian legal contracts
Nováková, Marcela ; Radimský, Jan (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
Cílem této práce Je zjistit, zda-li základní syntaktické charakteristiky uváděné v souvislosti s právní italštinou platí rovněž pro právní italštinu smluv jako jednoho ze subsystémů právní italštiny, který v lingvistické literatuře nebyl doposud popsán. Při synchronickém popisu funkčního stylu právní italštiny je totiž obvyklé, že se nepřihlíží k její vnitřní diferenciaci, přestože právní jazyk je funkční styl mimořádně heterogenní. Pro účely této práce jsme používali pojem právní italština obecně, kterým rozumíme jak méně specializovanou administrativní italštinu, tak právní italštinu, kterou je dále možné členit z pragmatického hlediska na tři typologie: texty normativní, interpretační a aplikační. Právní italština smluv náleží k subsystému aplikačních právních projevů. Tento subsystém srovnáváme s rysy právní italštiny (která je obvykle zastoupena normativními texty a kterým italští lingvisté věnují největší pozornost) a s rysy administrativní italštiny, která podle italských lingvistů vypovídá v morfosyntaktickém plánu totožné rysy jako právní italština. V této práci vycházíme z diferenciace právního jazyka na vertikální ose a analyzujeme, zda-li se vnitřní diferenciace právního jazyka odráží v syntaktickém plánu jednoho z jeho subsytémů. Sledujeme především kvantitativní diferenciaci právní italštiny...
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