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Nurse's job specifications in surgical ambulance
PAULÍKOVÁ, Martina
Theoretical Base: As for patiens, surgical outpatient clinic belongs to much sought-after departments in a hospital. Its job requires mostly treating patients suffering from stomachache, healing wounds or performing minor surgeries. A nurse has an irreplacable role in the surgical clinic. She assists to a doctor, talks to the patients and performs activities within her competence. Goals: This bachelor thesis has three research objectives. Goal 1: To define nurse job description at given surgical clinics. Goal 2: To find out, if nurses are well prepared for the surgical clinic job. Goal 3: To find and describe nursing job differences at hospital in Pelhřimov and České Budějovice. There are these research questions: Research question 1: What is the nurse job description at surgical clinic? Research question 2: How well are nurses prepared for the nursing job at surgical clinic? Research question 3: What are the differences in nurse job description at surgical clinics in Pelhřimov and České Budějovice? Used methods: The data for the empirical part of the bachelor thesis were collected by conducting a qualitative research. A semi-structured interview was selected for collecting the data. Results: According to the results of data analysis, research questions were answered. The research shows that the nurse job description in both the workplaces concerned is not completely the same. Nurses working at the district hospital take care even of patients with trauma or proctological patients. That requires higher demands for knowledge and abilities of the nurse. The research also shows that the absolvents of universities or vocational schools were better prepared for their jobs, both theoretically and practically.
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The use of self-care deficit theory client CMP
PAULÍKOVÁ, Martina
Theory Stroke, a cerebrovascular disease, causes severe disability and failure of self-sufficiency for nearly of half of the patients. Nursing focuses on respecting the individuality of each patient, supports the return and consolidation of a good health, promotes self-sufficiency and searches for the needs of the patient. Conceptual model of D. E. Orem assumes the ability of each human to take care of self. Although partially, or not capable of self-care at all, it is necessary to fill up the deficit by nursing care. Objectives The first objective was to state the options to how to fill up the deficit of self-care by patienst after stroke. The second objective was to determine, whether the patient´s living environment has an impact the development of self-care. Research questions Q1: Does the home environment stimulate the acceleration of the return of self-care ability by patients after a stroke? Q2 : Does the respondent perceive the issue of own disability equaly as the surrounding? Q3 : Is it more beneficial for the patient to perform self-care with deficiency, or to receive perfect execution of it by others? Q4 : Does the patient perceive the subsequent therapy (physiotherapy, occupational therapy) as a faster way to return to sufficient self-care? The research part of the thesis was carried out by a qualitative survey, conducted as a individual semi-structured thematic interviews with respondents devided into two groups. One group consisted of patients after a stroke and a second group of caregivers. Total of 8 patients, 4 males and 4 females, were interviewed. The research was completed in three sessions, each at intervals of four to six weeks. The information received were processed by open coding method, analytical induction development of technology showdown and narrative analysis. Results Using data received from interviews with respondents it was possible to answer all the research questions. The first research question examined was, whether the home environment stimulates the acceleration of the return of self-care ability by patients after a stroke. According to interviews and objective evaluation, the domestic environment has improved overall condition and faster return to individual self-care. Although, aftercare provided enough nursing and rehabilitative care, patient very much appreciated mental stimulation given by the home environment. The second research question focused on whether the respondent perceives own disability equaly as the surrounding. The interviews showed most of the patients perceive their health and subsequent disabilities better than its surroundings. The third research question examined whether it is more beneficial for the patient to perform self-care with deficiency, or to receive perfect execution of it by others. The results indicated more benefits by performing own self-care, even with mistakes that encourage practising, thereby repeating and consolidating manners. Most of the respondents refused any help. The fourth research question focused on patient´s perception of the subsequent therapy (physiotherapy, occupational therapy) as a faster way to return to sufficient self-care. The interviews showed that the respondents did not realize the importance of aftercare, considered it to be routine and as a part of the treatment. Yet, increased physiotherapy activities results into a quicker adjustment of self-sufficiency. Conclusion The temporal evolution of self-sufficiency of patients after a stroke and the attitudes of caregivers are described in this thesis. The results are presented in a form of mental map. This might be used by the patients after stroke, nursing staff or official home caregivers and informal caregivers, as well.
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