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Development and organization of military judiciary within Czechoslovak legions in Russia
Mojžíš, Michal ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
Development and Organization of Military Judiciary within the Czechoslovak Legions in Russia During more than 6 years of its existence, the Czechoslovak Legions in Russia underwent fundamental organizational changes, which were related to the transformation of a small volunteer unit into an army of many thousands of an independent state. In examining the organizational development of the legionary military justice, it is necessary to take into account the military-political circumstances in which the Czechoslovak army operated in Russia. In the period from the establishment of the legions in 1914 to 1917, the legions were an organizational part of the Russian Tsarist army and all organizational structure, including the administration of justice, was carried out by the relevant Russian authorities under Russian law. In the second half of 1917, despite the disintegration of the Russian armed forces, there was a massive development of the Czechoslovak legions, but without a corresponding development of the judicial service. A key prerequisite for building their own military justice was the exclusion of Russian legions from the Russian army and their inclusion in the autonomous Czechoslovak army in France. At the same time, a modified French disciplinary code was adopted, which was the first independent...
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Czechoslovak Exile Resistance Movement in 1918 from the View of the Realistic Theorie
Mojžíš, Michal ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to clarify the role played by units of the Czechoslovak Legion in recognition of the Czechoslovak Foreign Resistance Movement by the Entente Powers. For the formulation of hypotheses were used postulates of classical realism by H. Morgenthau that highlight the crucial role of military force in assessing the relevance of international political actors. Therefore, the empirical part of this study firstly describes the evolution of military units that were formed immediately after the outbreak of war on the initiative of Czech and Slovak compatriots abroad. The political leadership of Czechoslovak Independence Movement after a dispute about the goals and means of resistance formed in the year 1916 to the Czechoslovak National Council. However, Entente Powers had until mid- 1918 interest in maintaining the Austro-Hungarian Empire , which they considered as an important element of the balance of power in Central Europe. The turning point in their thinking occurred in connection with the revolt of the Czechoslovak Legions in Russia against the Bolsheviks in May 1918. As my research showed, mastering large parts of Siberia and vital Trans-Siberian Railway by Czechoslovak troops was a decisive factor in the unprecedented recognition of the Czechoslovak National Council,...
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International involvement in the peacebuilding process on Sri Lanka
Mojžíš, Michal ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Burešová, Jana (referee)
The final months of Sri Lankan civil war, the 26 year military campaign between the Government of Sri Lanka and the insurgent separatist organization Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, are marked by allegations of war crimes committed by both parties of the conflict, including attacks on civilians, summary executions of prisoners, enforced disappearances, restrictions on humanitarian assistance and recruitment of children. Since the attempts to put the Sri Lankan issue on the agenda of the United Nations Security Council failed on the unwillingness of China and Russia, the UN bodies in Geneva have taken a leading role in promoting the peacebuilding process on the island. The thesis aims to analyse the impact of the Geneva-based human rights bodies, in particular of the United Nations Human Rights Council, on the process of reconciliation in Sri Lanka, for which is crucial that the alleged violations of human rights in the last months of the civil war would be properly investigated and that the perpetrators would be held accountable. In order to put the activity of the UN Human Rights Council into broader context, the paper will examine the political development in Sri Lanka since the end of the civil war in 2009 as well as the failed efforts of Sri Lankan governments to launch the process of reconciliation.
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