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Application of chemical and physical stresses in the late phase of growth to selected strains of microorganisms
Langer, Marek ; Holub, Jiří (referee) ; Szotkowski, Martin (advisor)
A wide spectrum of microorganisms is used in the biotechnological industry for production of meaningful metabolites; including carotenoids and chlorofyles with antioxidant effects, fatty acids, ubiquinone and ergosterol. Ways to increase yield of metabolites to maximum capacity are being researched to increase efficiency and economical sustainability in industry. One of the ways is the application of chemical stress factors on microorganisms as is described in this thesis. In the theoritical part certain microorganisms, their important intracellular metabolites and their metabolism are established. The last subchapter covers the usage of stress factors in industry. In the experimental part each microorganism was subjected to various concentrations of sodium chloride, cobalt(II) sulfate and iron(III) chloride. Significant increase of lipid production was registered after an application of sodium chloride on yeast strain Rhodosporium toruloides. An increase in production of torularhodin in Sporidiobolus pararoseus occured after application of iron salt. After an application of sodium chloride the growth of torularhodin in strains Cystofilobasidium macerans a Rhodosporidium toruloides was significant. Sodium chloride was also a suitable stress factor for lycopene formation in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The most meaningful stress factor of algae was cobalt(II) sulfate which increased metabolite production in Scenedesmus obliquus. Cyanobacteria Anabaena torulosa also attained a significant production in the presence of sodium chloride.
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Production of enriched mixed biomass by co-cultivation of selected strains of yeast and microalgae
Langer, Marek ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Szotkowski, Martin (advisor)
The use of yeast and microalgae in industry is constantly increasing. These microorganisms are able to produce significant amounts of lipids, which can be used, for example, for the production of biodiesel. Like their other metabolites, such as carotenoids, chlorophylls, ubiquinone and ergosterol, they can be used in the food industry. Since these chemical substances also have biological effects on the human organism, they are used in food supplements, but are also being investigated as possible medicines. The presented work deals with the possibilities of making the cultivation of these microorganisms cheaper. One of these options is co-cultivation, or mixed cultivation, which aims to increase biomass and metabolite yields. Another investigated possibility is the replacement of financially expensive substrates for the nutrition of microorganisms with cheap waste from the food industry. The algae Scenedesmus ecornis, Desmodesmus communis, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Coccomyxa sp. were used in the experimental work. The yeast strains used were Rhodotorula kratochvilovae and Rhodotorula toruloides. Added waste products were oils (hemp, frying and coffee), molasses, whey and waste glycerol. Analysis of the obtained biomass revealed that the highest lipid yields were achieved when coffee and frying oil were used. The experiment was completed by pilot cultivation in a bioreactor, to which cultures of Scenedesmus ecornis and Rhodotorula kratochvilovae were added. Coffee oil and glycerol were added as a source of nutrients.
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Application of chemical and physical stresses in the late phase of growth to selected strains of microorganisms
Langer, Marek ; Holub, Jiří (referee) ; Szotkowski, Martin (advisor)
A wide spectrum of microorganisms is used in the biotechnological industry for production of meaningful metabolites; including carotenoids and chlorofyles with antioxidant effects, fatty acids, ubiquinone and ergosterol. Ways to increase yield of metabolites to maximum capacity are being researched to increase efficiency and economical sustainability in industry. One of the ways is the application of chemical stress factors on microorganisms as is described in this thesis. In the theoritical part certain microorganisms, their important intracellular metabolites and their metabolism are established. The last subchapter covers the usage of stress factors in industry. In the experimental part each microorganism was subjected to various concentrations of sodium chloride, cobalt(II) sulfate and iron(III) chloride. Significant increase of lipid production was registered after an application of sodium chloride on yeast strain Rhodosporium toruloides. An increase in production of torularhodin in Sporidiobolus pararoseus occured after application of iron salt. After an application of sodium chloride the growth of torularhodin in strains Cystofilobasidium macerans a Rhodosporidium toruloides was significant. Sodium chloride was also a suitable stress factor for lycopene formation in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The most meaningful stress factor of algae was cobalt(II) sulfate which increased metabolite production in Scenedesmus obliquus. Cyanobacteria Anabaena torulosa also attained a significant production in the presence of sodium chloride.
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