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Control Electronics for Electromagnetic Ball Accelerator
Dočkal, Tomáš ; Harvánek, Michal (referee) ; Král, Jan (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor's thesis was the design and implementation of an electromagnetic accelerator for a steel ball in a closed circular track. Electromagnetic accelerator serves as a demonstrator of particle accelerator functionality and as a game with the aim of engaging students in the study of electrical engineering. The work includes designing the coil using an algorithm in Matlab, which optimizes parameters to achieve maximum magnetic field intensity while considering limited power loss and voltage. The power electronics were designed and the functionality of the circuit concept was verified through simulation. The printed circuit board (PCB) for the power electronics, which also includes the control unit, was designed in KiCad. The system incorporates both passive and active cooling and is equipped with temperature sensors to ensure safe operation. The control part of the system was designed using the ESP-WROOM-32 development module, which allows for remote control and monitoring via a web interface. Optical sensors were designed to enable precise detection of the ball's position and speed. The mechanical part includes the fabrication of the coil frame and the mounts for the optical sensors using 3D printing. The PCB, along with the power supply, was mounted in a casing.
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Indoor Positioning Based on Inertial Measurement Unit
Coufal, Marek ; Vychodil, Josef (referee) ; Král, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with inertial navigation intended for indoor usage. The algorithm for processing accelerometer and gyro data is described along with their position in equations of motion. Various coordinate systems are defined for ease of manipulation of vector quantities, including conversions and rotations between frames. The thesis also addresses the design of the hardware for the inertial unit, including the minimum requirements for fast data recording. Some chapters are dedicated to the design of the printed circuit board and the implementation of the device, followed by the development of firmware and software for data logging and processing.
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Experimental Platform for Free-Space Optical Communication in Water
Kousal, Martin ; Fedra, Zbyněk (referee) ; Král, Jan (advisor)
For the needs of underwater drones and seabed exploration, a live image from a camera mounted on the drone needs to be transmitted to the operator. Therefore, a hardware platform has been developed to research and experimentally verify the possibilities of cable-free optical communication in an aquatic environment. In this paper, the possibilities of communications in aquatic environments and their limitations are discussed. Furthermore, a communication chain of transmitter and receiver is designed and then simulated in Python. This proposed communication chain is then implemented. The FPGA configuration of the transmitter and receiver is described, and handlers and scripts are created to receive and process the transmitted signal. Finally, real measurements are performed in air and also mainly in a water environment, where the functionality of the whole chain is verified. In the last part of the paper, possible improvements and their impact on the whole platform are outlined.
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Electronics for Scintillator Detector Readout and Coaxial RF Line for VITO Beamline at ISOLDE Facility at CERN
Havránek, Daniel ; Valúch,, Daniel (referee) ; Král, Jan (advisor)
VITO (Versatile Ion polarisation Technique Online) beamline experiment se zabývá měřením hyperjemných struktur. Pro jejich měření se využívá RF (Radio Frequency) spektroskopie. Pro RF spektroskopii je nutné navrhnout a simulacemi ověřit aparaturu pro vytvoření interakční oblasti RF a atomového/iontového svazku umožňující RF spektroskopii krátce žijících radioaktivních atomových/iontových svazků s nízkou energií. Důraz je kladen na uniformní rozložení RF pole. Kvůli potřebě uniformního rozložení RF pole je návrh zaměřen na přenosové vedení typu stripline a kvůli nízké energii krátce žijících radioaktivních svazků je jako dielektrikum zvoleno vakuum. VITO beamline se rovněž zabývá -NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance). -NMR je vysoce přesná metoda určení magnetických momentů krátkodobě žijících isotopů s využitím částic vyzářených při při rozpadu izotopů. Tato diplomová práce se rovněž zabývá návrhem elektroniky pro nový detektor, který bude využit pro -NMR beamline VITO v ISOLDE (Isotope mass Separator On-Line facility) zařízení v CERNu (Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire).
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Platform for Digital Predistortion Based on RFSoC
Kříčka, Tomáš ; Maňas, Ondřej (referee) ; Král, Jan (advisor)
Signal predistortion occurs in modern communication systems and in other systems requiring linear signal amplification. The objective is to learn about signal predistortion, the QORVO 1800 MHz FDD radio front-end and to implement the front-end control using Matlab computer program. I focus on controlling individual attenuators and amplifiers on the QORVO front-end with a program written in C. Using a single board computer Raspberry Pi 4B running Linux. Furthermore, the work involves the application of a SCPI server that operates based on TCP packets. As part of the introduction to the front-end, the power characteristic of the power amplifier is measured.
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Power supply for acquisition and communication subsystem of a current transformer
Beran, Tomáš ; Král, Jan (referee) ; Kubíček, Michal (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on designing a power supply for measuring part and communication part of a device, which is supposed to analyze current waveforms on high voltage lines. The power supply consists of a current transformer, control electronics, and accumulation elements. The thesis analyzes the current waveforms on high voltage lines to get an overview of input data so that the right current transformer can be chosen. A working principle of these transformers is described, as well as the options for accumulation elements. Power supply requirements for the power supply are determined as well. The next part of the thesis summarises this theoretical knowledge and applies it to the schematic design. This is followed by a description of the schematic with an included description of function blocks. Additional adjustments that would improve the power supply's properties might be mentioned. This will be followed by designing a PCB layout. The final part includes the manufacturing process and determination of parameters like power, efficiency, etc. In the manufacturing process, the PCB will be printed, soldered, and evaluated on an electrical test. The electrical test inspects the functionality of the designed power supply by simulating real-life scenarios of high voltage lines. At last, an impact of the power supply on the measuring system will be analyzed.
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Diffusivity of humic hydrogels
Král, Jan ; Smilek, Jiří (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
Presented diploma thesis focuses on the study of diffusion of cupric ions in humic acid gels. A total of fifth different standards of humic acids and one sample humic acid prepared from same source as in bachelor's thesis, on which this thesis continues, were used for preparation solutions of humic acids. Thereafter, these solutions were used for preparation of agarose hydrogels, which were necessary in following diffusion experiments. The objective of the work was to compare transport properties of humic standards between themselves and then compare standards with humic acid prepared from same source as in bachelor's thesis. Measure, which was used to determine the transport properties, was comparison of effective diffusion coefficients. Method of instantaneous planar source diffusion was used to compare them. This method was based monitoring temporal evolution of diffusion profiles of cupric ions in humic hydrogels. Copper ions were selected as diffusing medium because of their high affinity and strong bonds to humic acids.
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Home automation system
Bajgl, Vojtěch ; Král, Jan (referee) ; Kubíček, Michal (advisor)
This thesis deals with home automation systems. First part of the thesis is focused on analysis of commercially available state-of-the-art systems. The most common ones are compared in terms of their functions, properties, principles of operation and their price. Second part of the thesis describes design and development of custom system for home automation. The aim is to build a cheap alternative to the commercially available systems. The design description starts from schematic design of particular components through PCB design to firmware and software development. The system is based on Raspberry PI 2B microcomputer which controls all the required home electronic equipment via user-friendly web-based interface. Several different ways of use of the system are discussed as well as some useful features of the microcomputer.
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Provisioning implementation in Asterisk open source PBX
Král, Jan ; Bartl, Milan (referee) ; Šilhavý, Pavel (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis "Implementation of provisioning service in Open source PBX Asterisk" deals with a general description of the provisioning service and the options of it's implementation in Asterisk PBX based on the capabilities of the PBX and the endpoint devices for VoIP telephony connected to it. The theoretical part of the thesis also contains a brief description of all the protocols and services needed for successful operation of the service in the particular scenario of implementation described in the thesis. A short introduction and requirements for the designed application are also described. The practical portion of the thesis is focused on instalation and setup of the Asterisk PBX and the provisioning service itself on a virtual server running the CentOS operating system. It also contains all the settings of the server, additional services run on the server, the Asterisk PBX and also the settings of the endpoint devices needed for correct operation of the service. A thorough description of the designed and developed web application for management of endpoint devices for VoIP telephony is also contained in this part.
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Fast Beam Current Change Monitor for the LHC
Král, Jan ; Kovalsky, Jan (referee) ; Kubíček, Michal (advisor)
Striktní nároky na systémy ochrany a zabezpečení LHC vyžadují vylepšené metody detekce rychlých ztrát částicového svazku. Rychlý proudový transformátor (FBCT) je měřicí přístroj poskytující informaci o intenzitě shluků urychlovaných částic. Tato diplomová práce popisuje vývoj nového systému ochrany LHC založeného na měření signálu FBCT. Tento systém, monitor rychlých proudových změn částicového svazku (FBCCM), měří signál FBCT v úzkém frekvenčním pásmu a počítá časovou derivaci okamžité amplitudy tohoto signálu. Tato derivace je přímo úměrná ztrátám částicového svazku. Pokud ztráty svazku překročí určitou úroveň, FBCCM přikáže kontrolním systémům zničit svazek kvůli bezpečnosti LHC. Ochrana LHC bude zabezpečena čtyřmi FBCCM, které budou instalovány do LHC v červenci 2014. Bylo zkonstruováno a testováno šest FBCCM. Jejich měřené charakteristiky vyhovují stanoveným požadavkům. FBCCM bylo vyzkoušeno laboratorní simulací reálného prostření LHC.
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