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Family Planning in the Development Policy of the United States: Empowering Women or Instrumentalization of Women's Bodies?
Pelikánová, Kristýna ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Kotvalová, Anna (referee)
Looking at the critical literature regarding family planning in the development policy many authors argue that population control is not a thing of the past but is present in the contemporary discourse and policies regarding population. The thesis identifies the main concerns associated with population growth and examines to what extent they determine the policy and aid allocation toward family planning programs of the United States over the period of 2010-2020. Using the panel data concerning developing countries through the OLS and fixed effect methods of estimation, the thesis examines to what extent is the aid allocation in the selected case determined by the recipient's income, bilateral trade with the donor country, recipient's political stability, maternal mortality, and stress on the water resources, used as a proxy for environmental degradation. The thesis finds certain evidence of the influence of environmental degradation and trade with the donor country on the allocation of support for family planning, but not the influence of maternal mortality, the reduction of which is proclaimed as one of the main goals of family planning programs. The conclusions of the thesis indicate the prevalence of strategic considerations in the allocation of foreign aid by the United States and the...
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Gender-Responsive DDR: Social, Economic and Political Reincorporation of Women Ex-Combatants in Colombia
Ramljak, Antonela ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Kotvalová, Anna (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Department of Security Studies Master's Thesis 2020 Antonela Ramljak CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Department of Security Studies Gender - Responsive DDR: Social, Economic and Political Reincorporation of Women Ex-combatants in Colombia Master's Thesis Author: Antonela Ramljak Study program: Master in International Security Studies (MISS) Supervisor: doc. Dr. Emil Aslan, Ph.D. Year of project submission: 2020 Declaration 1. I hereby declare that I have compiled this thesis using the listed literature and resources only. 2. I hereby declare that my thesis has not been used to gain any other academic title. 3. I fully agree to my work being used for study and scientific purposes. In Prague on Antonela Ramljak References RAMLJAK, Antonela. Gender - Responsive DDR: Social, Economic and Political Reincorporation of Women Ex-combatants in Colombia. Praha, 2020. 81 pages. Master's thesis (Mgr.). Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Political Studies. Department of Security Studies. Supervisor doc. PhDr. Emil Aslan, Ph.D. Length of the thesis: 104.637 characters Abstract Discussions on women in wars have oftentimes been limited to their stories as survivors of conflict...
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Women's Political Participation in Contemporary China
Wei, Yilan ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Kotvalová, Anna (referee)
The rise of feminism began in the 18th century, and it attached great importance to the struggle for women's political rights and the improvement of women's political status. Whether women can have the right to speak in the political field is a prerequisite for women to strive for other rights in social life. China's equality between men and women was written into the Constitution in 1954, put forward as a national policy in 1995, supported by the Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests in 2005, and then reflected in Report to the 20th CPC National Congress. This developmental trajectory signifies the ongoing progress of women's political participation in present-day China. However, owing to deeply ingrained traditional ideologies and historical institutional factors, women's status and political engagement remain suboptimal and continue to encounter obstacles. The study begins by explaining the research topic from a theoretical perspective and further analyzes it in the context of China based on previous studies. This thesis attempts to describe the present situation of Chinese women's political participation, focusing on the low proportion, the slow growth rate, and their political marginalization in China, exploring the problems and reasons behind it through superficial phenomena,...
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The Role of Women in the Reforms in Saudi Arabia
Kedan, Salam ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Kotvalová, Anna (referee)
This qualitative single case study examines the role of women in Saudi Arabia's ongoing reforms, employing the lenses of modernization theory and normative feminism to offer a comprehensive analysis of this socio-political and economic transformation. Considering the complexity of the topic and the uniqueness of the monarchical political and social system of Saudi Arabia, this thesis provides a nuanced understanding of the factors shaping women's participation and agency within the reform process. The thesis uncovers the complex interplay between modernization and gendered norms in Saudi Arabia through in-depth interviews, document analysis, and participant observation. The findings reveal that women's increased participation in the labor market, education, and political representation, contributed to the nation's broader developmental goals under Vision 2030. Finally, it offers valuable insights into the evolving roles of women within Saudi Arabia's reform process, illuminating the importance of addressing structural and normative barriers to gender equality. By highlighting the potential for change and the challenges, this thesis underscores the need for continued efforts to promote women's empowerment and dismantle patriarchal norms to foster sustainable development and inclusive growth....
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Gender equality, women's participation in the post-conflict society, and civil war recurrence
Drevená, Katarína ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Kotvalová, Anna (referee)
A large amount of academic literature demonstrated that intrastate conflicts often occur in countries that have already experienced civil war. This reoccurring pattern forced several researchers to analyze which factors contribute and which lower the risk of war recurrence. This master thesis focuses on the civil war recurrence through the lenses of gender. I will argue that higher gender equality could lower the risk that intrastate conflict will reoccur. If the countries are organized by norms of gender inequality, the same treatment is reproduced towards the other groups within society. On the other hand, more gender-equal societies may transform these relationships into the same tolerant relationships with those who are perceived as different and foreign in the country. Moreover, socialization and the way children have been raised play an important role in how they will behave as adults. Less patriarchal societies with a lower focus on the norm of dominance create space for norms of tolerance, respect, peace, freedom, and equality which has a pacifying effect on the behavior of the state and people within it. Therefore, I will hypothesize that the higher women's political, economic, and social participation, the longer the duration of peace after the civil war. Large-N quantitative analysis in...
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Conflict and re-ordering of gender relations in society: post-conflict reconstruction in Rwanda and Democratic Republic of Congo
Pastorková, Sabrina ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kotvalová, Anna (referee)
Conflict and re-ordering of gender relations in society: post-conflict reconstruction in Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo Abstract Women are often portrayed as victims of conflict, which is in large part true. However, women also act as agents, active participants in war and they can be largely neglected once peace occurs. This diploma thesis is mainly concerned with the mechanism of changing gender relations in societies as a result of armed conflicts and violence resulting in the potential for change of women's role in the society and their empowerment. Can we possibly claim that an armed conflict has positive consequences in a form of women's empowerment? Some scholars explain that war can be a catalyst that can send women on a fast-track route towards empowerment. Others oppose by claiming that wars rather tend to reiterate patriarchy in societies. In order to evaluate the effects of wars on gender relations in society, we first provide literature overview on the topic which is followed up theoretical underpinnings of the mechanism of changes of gender relations in society. Several options are defined as possible routes towards the women's empowerment in society. The thesis then analyses two scenarios of results of wars on women in societies, in particular the great success of Rwanda and the...
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International Responses to Genocidal Events
Vann, Thomas ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kotvalová, Anna (referee)
Author: Thomas Vann Bibliographic Note VANN, Thomas. International Responses to Genocidal Events: Differences on the Basis of Geographic Location. 72 p. Master thesis. Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Political Studies. Supervisor: PhD, JUDr. Tomáš Karásek Abstract In the following project an exploration of international responses to genocidal events was conducted. The purposes of this research project were two-fold: first, to assess the impact of geographic location on international responses to genocidal events, and second, to determine if genocidal events in the global north are more likely to receive 'strong/robust' responses than genocidal events in the global south. While there has been ample past research on genocides themselves, there is a dearth of scholarship in the realm of international responses to genocidal events, & this thesis project aims to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive comparison of past international responses to genocidal events. This project proceeds in the format of a literature review & comparative case study, in which ten cases (five from the global north, five from the global south) of international responses to genocidal events are assessed, with particular attention paid to the responses of United Nations Security Council countries & the...
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Islamic terrorism in US film: how we construct our own enemies
Kotvalová, Anna ; Záhora, Jakub (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES INSTITUTE OF POLITICAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Islamic terrorism in US film: how we construct our own enemies Master's thesis Author: Bc. Anna Kotvalová Study programme: International Relations Supervisor: Mgr. Jakub Záhora, Ph.D. Year of the defense: 2019 ABSTRACT The presented diploma thesis is concerned with the discourse and narratives of the phenomenon of terrorism in the American cinema, produced after 9/11 and its reflection on the events within the War on Terror. This thesis rests on two major theoretical realms, Critical terrorism studies and the interconnection between popular culture and the world of politics. This thesis addresses three American mainstream films produced after 9/11, Zero Dark Thirty, Lone Survivor and American Sniper in order to analyse the discourse and narratives which refer to the antagonists in these movies (more specifically, the discourse and narratives which portrays justification for the American behaviour within the War on Terror) and to address the political consequences of this kind of discourse. This thesis defines four major repetitive patterns in the discourse: humanization of the "American side", dehumanization of the antagonists, depiction of torture and violence and lack of context and concludes...
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