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Metallothioneins as Biomarker of Environmental Pollution
Šestáková, Ivana ; Křivská, D. ; Navrátil, Tomáš
Small wild mammals living at contaminated soil are exploited for monitoring of their metal and\nmetallothionein (MT) levels, which can be influenced by presence of parasites. This has been\ntested in laboratory experiment with white rats (Rattus norvegicus) infected with tapeworm\nHimenolepis diminuta and given diet enriched with lead or zinc. The influence of parasite was\nconfirmed with analysis of samples, where metal concentrations in infected groups were\nlowered in comparison with the uninfected rats. Within infected groups, tapeworms MT levels\nwere 6 or 3 times higher than MT in tapeworms of the control group. Obtained results support\npossibility of using MT concentration in Himenolepis diminuta for biomonitoring.
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Hospic Care in Prague
Křivská, Dita ; Vorlová, Marie (advisor) ; Brunclíková, Jitka (referee)
My thesis deals with the problems of hospice care offered in the area of Prague. I tried to give some useful information, which could serve for purification of hospice care from inaccurate notions. I also hope, my work can help people who ponder on use of hospice care. The work comes from my own experience, because I worked as an assistant for a few months. At the beginning of my work, I` d like to define the death and dying and to point out the historical changes of these concepts. Next part of my thesis is dedicated to the whole hospice care. I specify the concepts; history and present of the Czech and worldwide hospice care. In the main part, I focused on operation of Hospice Strasburk and mobile hospice Cesta domu. I tried to describe their genesis and present, as briefly and clearly as possible. At the conclusion I strived for estimation of both kind of hospice care. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Hospic Care in Prague
Křivská, Dita ; Vorlová, Marie (advisor) ; Brunclíková, Jitka (referee)
My thesis deals with the problems of hospice care offered in the area of Prague. I tried to give some useful information, which could serve for purification of hospice care from inaccurate notions. I also hope, my work can help people who ponder on use of hospice care. The work comes from my own experience, because I worked as an assistant for a few months. At the beginning of my work, I` d like to define the death and dying and to point out the historical changes of these concepts. Next part of my thesis is dedicated to the whole hospice care. I specify the concepts; history and present of the Czech and worldwide hospice care. In the main part, I focused on operation of Hospice Strasburk and mobile hospice Cesta domu. I tried to describe their genesis and present, as briefly and clearly as possible. At the conclusion I strived for estimation of both kind of hospice care. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Current situation regarding the sources and intake of selenium in European population
Půtová, Lucie ; Čadková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Křivská, Daniela (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the current dietary recommendations and the actual intake of selenium from food for the European inhabitants, divided into 6 appropriate regions. Above all, the thesis deals with the issue of the sources of this element and possible ways of its supplementation. Part of this thesis is also the identification of areas in which there is a risk of low intake of selenium, and at the same time there the reasons for this deficit are adressed.
In the introduction selenium is characterized as a trace biogenic element that has physical and chemical properties, which affect the organism of each individual. Selenium can have a wide range of positive effects, but at the same time, of course, its toxicity needs to be taken into account. For this reason, in this study space was devoted to diseases that selenium may cause in cases of non-compliance with the recommended amount of intake.
The amount of the intake of selenium depends mainly on its content in the soil. The concentration of selenium differs according to the geographical conditions of individual regions, which are described in the main part of this thesis. Each region contains a different amount of selenium in soil and consequently in animal and plant products. According to my knowledge from the study of literature, another very important factors is the availability of certain foods, such as fish, which are rich in selenium and thus greatly increase concentration of selenium in the daily diet for several states. The focus was also given to countries, that don't have food rich in selenium, and thus, continue to seek the best possible form of supplementation.
This thesis shows the total comparison of the daily intake of selenium in the specific states of Europe. The results have shown that the most stable intake of this element occurs on the territory of the South Europe. They are mainly coastal states and there is a very good availability of fish products mentioned before. By contrast, in south-eastern Europe it is evident that due to the low financial possibilities the problem of selenium deficit is not dealt with and it is assumed that there may occurr a decline in intake of this element in the diet.
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Mollusca of the Czech Republic
Rindtová, Dita ; Hlava, Jakub (advisor) ; Křivská, Daniela (referee)
The Bachelor work Mollusca of the Czech Republic deals with basic information about molluscs occurring in the Czech Republic. In the research part of my work I deal with the anatomy of their bodies, shells and life cycles characteristic for the main representatives. In general characterization the work mentions endangered species listed in the Red List. Furthermore, the research part deals with ecology focused on shellfish incidence depending on the conditions of the ecosystem, introduction, and the methods of mollusc importance to humans.
The aim of the practical part was a faunal survey of selected localities contaminated by a man. This research was carried out in selected localities near the town of Příbram. It was the firsta research focused on the incidence of molluscs in these areas. The methodology of sample collection was carried out according to common methods of collecting molluscs and it is more specified in the work.
The own research was focused on characterisation of the areas (5 localities) where the collection was carried out. Thus there was formed a systematic overview of acquired kinds of terrestrial representatives according to designated habitats, taxonomic classification and specific characterisation of the species. A total of 514 individuals were processed belonging to 26 species of molluscs. The most numerous family had Vrásenkovití (Discidae) where the number of representatives climbed to 82 individuals. On the contrary Oxychilidae family, Skleněnkovití (Vitrinidae) and Melampovití (Ellobiidae) occured the least. There was found only one individual of each family.
In the last part of my work I deal with comparison of my research to the previous research carried out in Kokořínsko Reserve. This area has similar climatic conditions and the features of the ecosystems. The result of the comparison corresponds to the variability of the species found here.
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Metallothioneins at Small Terrestrial Mammals as Bioindicator of Environmental Pollution
Křivská, D. ; Šestáková, Ivana
Animals living in the contaminated areas are exposed to elevated concentrations of risk elements. Příbramsko is one of most contaminated sites in Czech Republic. This area is loaded with sources of geological and metallurgical industry influence resulting in extremely high Pb, Cd, and Zn contents in soil. We analyzed eighteen subjects trapped on selected locations, belonging to the species Apodemus sylvaticus and Microtus arvalis. By differential pulse voltammetry and modified Brdička reaction, concentrations of metallothionein (MT) in their livers were measured. The influence of field sample treatment on resulting voltammetric record has been demonstrated. Differences of MT concentrations were found between species and among places of trapping.
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