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Dystopic (and) Environmental Elements and Removing Taboos in Ahmed Naji's Novel
Kubátová, Jana ; Ondráš, František (advisor) ; Kříhová, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is the analysis of dystopic (and) environmental elements and removing social and environmental taboos in the textual and, to a lesser extent, graphic content of the 2014 novel Istichdām al-ḥajā (Use of Life) by Egyptian writer Aḥmad Nāǧī. The thesis focuses on dystopic (and) environmental elements within the novel's most prominent motifs (and sub-motifs), which are criticism (of Cairo's environment and aspects of Egyptian politics) and frustration (in the spheres of personal unfreedom and interpersonal relationships), and on removing social (sex, drugs) and environmental taboos. All of this is analysed and interpreted within the theoretical-methodological framework of ecocriticism, especially in accord with the results found in Adam Trexler's publication and Teresa Pepe's study. The analysis is also carried out in the context of Arabic and Egyptian environmental literature (the principle of intertextuality), the context of Aḥmad Nāǧī and his trial, and in the cultural and historical context of Egypt in the 21st century. Keywords: Modern Arabic Literature, Egyptian Novel, Dystopia, Environmentalism, Removing Taboos
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The Transformation of the Character of Simorgh in Works of Classical Persian Literature
Pokorná, Mariana ; Kříhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Novák, Ľubomír (referee)
(English) This diploma thesis focuses on different depictions of Simorgh, a significant literary character of classical Persian literature. This mythical bird will be examined in the Shahnameh of Abolqasem Ferdousi (940-1020) and the Mantiqu't-tayr of Fariduddin Attar (1145-1221) as well as in the Avesta, the holy book of Zoroastrianism, in which an archetype of this character can be found. These three portrayals of Simorgh will be analysed with focus on the changes of the character, which occurred during its transformation from a Zoroastrian mythical creature to a frequently used motive of Persian literature. The underlying question of the theses is whether the mythical functions of the Avestan archetype were preserved in its literary adaptations in the Shahnameh and Mantiqu't-tayr. The two literary works originated in very different periods in the history of Iran. Therefore, this thesis further aims to analyse how this fact affected the transformation of Simorgh. Last but not least, a description of Simorgh as both a Zoroastrian character and a canonised character of Persian literature is proposed in this diploma thesis.
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Iran-China Strategic Partnership from the Perspective of Iranian Foreign Diplomacy
Soukup, Eduard ; Kříhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Novák, Ľubomír (referee)
The thesis conducts a content analysis of articles from the Iranian internet domain irdiplomacy.ir, which focuses on Iranian politics in the context of international relations. The analysed timeframe spans from the signing of the Strategic Cooperation Agreement with China in March 2021 to President Ebrahim Raisi's visit to China in February 2023. The study aims to explore and depict the I.R.I.'s stance towards collaboration with the P.R.C. The key phrase for searching relevant information is the 25-year Strategic Cooperation Agreement between Iran and China, which has significantly influenced contemporary Sino-Iranian relations. The chosen commentaries are lined up chronologically in an attached sheet, forming the basis of the analysis. Next step involves content examination of the source material, categorising mentions of China based on their themes, while their positive, negative or neutral attitude towards cooperation with China was determined. The last part of the analysis summarises the data into compact schemes using sub-sheets and graphs, from which quantitative results were synthesised. As a result, the paper confirms that Iran's promotion of China has declined substantially during the chosen period and in many cases, open criticism of China became more prevalent.
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Nezihe Mühittin and her book Türk Kadını (1931) as an example of non-state feminism in Turkey
Hlaváčová, Barbora ; Malečková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kříhová, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is dedicated to the remarkable feminist of the late Ottoman period and the interwar period, Nezihe Muhittin. In particular, it focuses on her thoughts, which are contained in her key book Türk Kadını (Turkish Women), published in 1931. The aim of this thesis is to present Nezihe Muhittin as a representative of the "non-state" wave of feminism in Kemalist Turkey. The fact that the personality of Nezihe Muhittin was rediscovered and the concept of "state feminism" was defined in the 1980s means that this thesis will not only present the history of women's emancipation in Turkey, but it will also focus on the development of debates about the Kemalist reforms regarding women in the early Turkish Republic. The main part of this thesis analyses the feminist thoughts and ideas of Nezihe Muhittin contained in the book Türk Kadını regarding the future functioning of Turkish society. This thesis also contextualises the ideas of Nezihe Muhittin with the ideas of the official state feminism represented by Afet İnan, the adoptive daughter of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and a notable representative and co-author of the official state feminist discourse. The main research question of this thesis is whether and how the opinions, visions and activities of the independent representative of Turkish...
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The Shiraz Art Festival (1967-1977) through the lens of historical memory
Macková, Veronika ; Koláček, Jakub (advisor) ; Kříhová, Zuzana (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the topic of the Festival of Arts in Shiraz, which took place in 1967-1977. The question asked by author asks is whether the festival could function as an autonomous art zone or whether the art scene was intertwined with the socio-political climate of Iran at that time. Using theories of collective and historical memory, significant festival events are analyzed and placed in a broader historical context. Both positive and critical reactions to the festival are examined. As the Festival also enters into contemporary cultural debates, this bachelor thesis focuses on the controversy between two curators who take opposing positions on the festival. The author concludes the thesis by noting that the festival did not take place in isolation from political events; rather, it was a symptom and later a catalyst of the complicated social tensions in Iran in the second half of the 1970s.
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Journey to Eastern Anatolia in the Work of Turkish Writers - Reflections on the Position of the Region within the Republic of Turkey
Kutišová, Zuzana ; Malečková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kříhová, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis deals with the topic of intellectuals' (aydınlar) journey from the centre to the periphery in Turkish literature. It examines the case of Yaşar Kemal, Ferit Edgü and Bejan Matur, who between the years 1951 and 2011 took their way from Istanbul to the Southeast - a region inhabited predominantly by the Kurds. The aim of this thesis is to shed light on the narration of the journey by contextualizing their writings. It will study the authors' depiction of the region and its inhabitants as well as the position they adopt in relation to the periphery, also asking whether and, if so, how these depictions and positions change in the face of newly emerging contexts in the period under investigation. In doing so, the thesis relies on sociological approaches to the study of literature, namely on Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of habitus and field. The following works will be discussed: Yaşar Kemal's Bu Diyar Baştanbaşa (1971), Ferit Edgü's Hakkâri'de Bir Mevsim (1977), and Dağın Ardına Bakmak (2011) by Bejan Matur. Keywords Turkey, Eastern Anatolia, journey, centre - periphery, intellectual, aydın, modern Turkish political thought
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Relations between the Taliban and al-Qaeda between 1996 and 2001
Kovařík, Tomáš ; Koláček, Jakub (advisor) ; Kříhová, Zuzana (referee)
The Taliban and al-Qaeda are groups that profess radical forms of Islam and are often mentioned in connection with terrorism (the latter is one of the most well-known terrorist organizations). In the period 1996-2001, both groups were deployed to Afghanistan. The Taliban ruled Afghanistan during those years, and al Qaeda had the status of a kind of "guest". As a result of the 9/11 attacks of al- Qaeda, the United States launched Operation Enduring Freedom. As part of this operation, the Taliban movement was removed from the government and al-Qaeda leader Osama Bin Laden was forced to flee Afghanistan and hide until his death in 2011. The aim of my work will be to describe the development and functioning of relations between the two organizations in the period preceding these events. Why did Osama bin Laden move to Afghanistan? Why did the Taliban allow it? What were the relations between the two organizations? How was the cooperation between them? In addition to sharing a common territory, did this cooperation have other, ie economic, military and political aspects? Was the relationship between them a perfect harmony of political and religious views, or was it rather a pragmatic relationship that was not ideal but benefited both actors? The analysis of these relationships will be based on available...
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Critical Reflection of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's Regime in Selected Works of Samad Behrangi, Bozorg Alavi and Al-e Ahmad.
Toušková, Ema ; Kříhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Felčer, Petr (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the criticism of the ruling Iranian regime in selected works of two prominent Iranian novelists, Bozorg Alavi and Samad Behrangi. In his short stories, Bozorg Alavi reflects on the late period of Reza Shah's rule (1926-1941), while Samad Behrangi reacts to the rule of Mohammad Reza Shah (1941-1979) in the late 1960s. The aim of this thesis is to describe the specific negative political and social phenomena within Iranian society that the authors criticize, and also to name the elements of "engagement" in their work in accordance with literary theorist Kamran Talattoff's definition of engaged literature.
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First female pilots in the context of modernization reforms between 1920-1940s in Turkey and Iran
Bijani, Karolína ; Koláček, Jakub (advisor) ; Kříhová, Zuzana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the first female pilots in Turkey and Iran at the beginning of the 20th century. In the given period, after the accession of Reza Pahlavi and Atatürk, widespread political and social reforms took place, one of which was the effort to emancipate women. In parallel with the changes in society, the state attempted to modernize the technical equipment, which manifested itself in the development of aviation. These two phenomena merged over time and women were given the opportunity to complete pilot training together with men. In her thesis, the author draws on secondary literature as well as sources in Persian and Turkish, the authors of which met the female pilots either directly in person or with people close to them. In the thesis, the cases of Turkey and Iran are placed side by side, and in addition to common or different characteristics, the author tries to identify the period influences that helped women to establish themselves in a purely male field.
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Mirza Malkom Khan and Modernisation of Persia in Late 19th Century
Zikán, Vojtěch ; Kříhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Ondráš, František (referee)
(in English): The bachelor's thesis concentrace on the study of modernization and reform processes in selected documents of the Iranian reformer Mirza Malkam Khan (1833-1908). The analyzed period mainly includes the 1850s and 1860s, but also includes a broader historical and social context. The aim of the thesis is to examine Malkom's critical reflection on the Persian state in the middle of the 19th century and to describe a collection of Malkom's proposals for reforms of the state apparatus, an outline of the constitution and legislative changes. To achieve the set goals, examples of Malkom's texts translated from Persian are presented, in which modernization concepts are researched and analyzed. The partial intention is to examine what structures, bureaucratic and administrative mechanisms Malkam Khan considers functional in his writings for the future development of Qajar's Persia.
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