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Yugoslavian phantom identity
Nandi, Danijela ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Spalová, Barbora (referee)
Výzkumné téma diplomové práce vychází z medicínského pojmu známého jako "fantomová bolest". Definice na webu Mayo Clinic uvádí, že "fantomová bolest je bolest, která je pociťována, jako by vycházela z části těla, která již neexistuje. Lékaři kdysi věřili, že tento post- amputační fenomén je psychologického rázu, v dnešní době nicméně odborníci mají za to, že jde o skutečné pocity pocházející z míchy a mozku. (Mayo Clinic, n.d.). Předkládaná práce zkoumá ideu "fantomové identity" konceptualizovanou jako identitu, se kterou se mohou ztotožňovat nebo ji jako takovou vyjadřovat obyvatelé již neexistující země - Jugoslávie. Klíčovouotázkou je,zda vůbec existuje něco takového jako společná identita bývalého společného státu, která by byla odlišná od etnických a jiných post-jugoslávských identit. A dále pak, jak vlastně tento proces identifikace funguje a jaké jsou jeho základní element. Práce zkoumá možnost existence takové společné identity nebo jejích prvků, které by se projevovaly pouze (a specifickým způsobem), když jsou tito jedinci spolu, obvykle v kontextu společenských aktivit nebo sdílené emigrační zkušenosti. Hledání identity založené na etnických principech, jako je jazyk či území, identity odlišné od ostatních identit, a to i v rámci jednotlivců různých etnik, je v jistém smyslu provokativní...
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Pandemic: about war, oppression and other metaphors
Tikal, Matěj ; Dvořák, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hájek, Martin (referee)
This thesis is based on analysis of metaphors, that were used by Czech political elite to construct meaning of Covid-19 pandemic and its implications for Czech society. Pandemic is firstly described as political problem and selected literature is used to describe pandemic discourse. Next, notion of social constructivism and conceptual theory of metaphors are introduced. Political rhetoric is conceived as conflictual and in common relation with public debate. Based on critical metaphorical analysis, this thesis revealed conflict between value of safety and freedom that was reflected in metaphors of war and oppression. This contest of metaphors can be used to interpret and explain some of the phenomena Czech society witnessed during Covid- 19 pandemic. This thesis shows that metaphors are valuable instrument for analysis of problems, that defy the possibility of being observed by instruments of everyday knowledge. This is why metaphor analysis can be deemed as useful tool for research of upcoming crises, which might emit similar level of abstraction, as Covid-19 pandemic.
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The phenomenon of single motherhood in the online space and public opinion
Němcová, Barbora ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Vocásek, Tibor (referee)
The topic of this thesis is analysing the differences in attitudes towards single mothers in public opinion and media representation. The theoretical part draws on the concepts of feminization of poverty, stigmatization, and agenda-setting theory. The thesis utilizes quantitative methods - factor analysis and contingency table analysis of public opinion (with data from VÚPSV 2019) and content analysis of online articles (326). The analysis of public opinion revealed a diversity of attitudes towards single mothers, with women, single and divorced individuals exhibiting greater support for single-parent parenting and state financial assistance, while men, married individuals, and older respondents tended to disagree. A general tendency to support financial assistance for single mothers was observed. Quantitative content analysis of online articles indicated that the media representation of single mothers is predominantly non- stigmatizing or positive (56%). Despite the prevalence of a non-stigmatizing image in the media, there remains a tendency towards homogenization and stereotyping of single mothers as victims of gender and structural inequalities. The media image reproduces the notion of single mothers as victims dependent on financial assistance, which aligns with the concept of the feminization...
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The Study of Serviceability of Highway network with Using of Telematics
Bruna, Jiří ; Hájek, Martin (referee) ; Jurová, Marie (advisor)
In the mean time there are only a few objective information available in a road accident . A electronically motor vehicle operational data recorder, that is main topic of my graduate work could record maximum of vehicle operational data (time, velocity, activity of brakes, activity of ABS, lights, blinkers, operational engine measures). This information could contribute to faster car crash investigation.
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The Yugoslav War in Bosnian media
Delic, Lamija ; Hrůzová, Andrea (advisor) ; Hájek, Martin (referee)
Lamija DELIC, The Yugoslav War in the Bosnian media Abstract The contemporary media play a significant role in constructing fresh myths within society. Some of these myths stem from the world of entertainment and celebrity culture. Nevertheless, the media, being an integral part of the cultural framework, also actively contribute to the formation of novel political myths. In societies with strong ethnic or national identities, these myths serve as a foundation for uniting the nation and defining its sense of self, especially in times of conflict or war. Their function is to portray a worldview by shaping historical narratives that portray members of other cultures and nations as adversaries. The main focus of the diploma thesis will be on collective memory, specifically examining how journalists in Bosnia and Herzegovina experienced the 1992-1995 war through the lens of the media and their role during that period. War journalism plays a crucial role in shaping collective memory, as journalists act as interpreters, presenting stories and framing events that contribute to the public's understanding of the war. Through their selection, interpretation, and dissemination of information, journalists possess the power to influence how citizens perceive and remember the conflict. The study acknowledges that what we...
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"It should be as important as your basic hygiene": How Students in Singapore Experience and Understand Sexuality Education
Shamsun Nahar, Nur Amalina ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Hrešanová, Ema (referee)
Sexual health (SH) encompasses more than the mere absence of disease; it includes an individual's overall well-being in matters of sexuality. During formative years, access to comprehensive information and knowledge about sexual health is crucial for developing SE literacy. Therefore, sexuality education (SE) is pivotal in moulding sexual well-being. Globally, two approaches to SE exist comprehensive sexuality education (CSE), which has demonstrated better sexual health outcomes, and abstinence-only until marriage (AOUM). In Singapore, the predominant strategy is AOUM, which emphasizes abstinence as the primary defence against pregnancies and STDs. Some argue that Singapore's heteronormative culture and economic objectives influence the adoption of AOUM. However, amid increased reported sexual misconduct cases among students and teachers, questions arise concerning the effectiveness of SE in place. This study explores the understanding, meaning, and experiences of SE among students in Singaporean schools. Employing a qualitative methodology, eight individuals were interviewed, and thematic analysis guided by Braun and Clarke was utilized to analyze the data. The study identified four prominent themes: unmemorable encounters, emphasis on abstinence, a demand for greater knowledge, and the presence...
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Not surrendering your power": Freebirth in the Czech Republic
Jiřičková, Barbora ; Hrešanová, Ema (advisor) ; Hájek, Martin (referee)
This thesis addresses the issue of unassisted childbirth from the perspective of medical anthropology, or the anthropology of childbirth. Particular attention is paid to the question of why some women choose to give birth this way, taking into account the (Czech) social and legal context in which this choice is made. The work is based on qualitative research, and draws primarily on in-depth interviews with nine women who have had their own experience of at least one birth without professional medical assistance. The main findings of this thesis are primarily based on thematic data analysis and its interpretation, which identified five main thematic categories: own (emic) conceptualization of childbirth; following one's own needs; distrust of doctors and the bio-medical system; authoritative knowledge; and care during childbirth. The overall overarching theme is women's desire to 'not give away (surrender) their power', which corresponds with their effort to establish and maintain agency within the pregnancy and birth process. In addition to the particular factors that influence the decision of the mothers, the thesis also presents structural barriers that may influence their decision, which is mainly the unavailability of community (certified) midwifes, caused to a large extent by the Czech legal...
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