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Xenobiotics in Food and their Effects on the Human Health
Šeflová, Iva ; Müllerová, Dana (advisor) ; Derflerová Brázdová, Zuzana (referee) ; Králíková, Eva (referee)
(Xenobiotics in food end their effects on the human organism) One of the exposure pathways to xenobiotics in humans is food intake. Most of xenobiotics are lipophilic substances cumulating in the organism, especially in the adipose tissue. If their intake is long-term and excessive, they have negative impact on human health. Eating habits, identification, analysis, and management of risks stemming from foods are important from a prevention perspective. The adipose tissue influences the distribution and especially accumulation of xenobiotics in the organism. Whether substances stored in the adipose tissue are able to affect adipogenesis and physiological functions, remains unclear. Since obesity-related dysfunctional and inflamed adipose tissue is associated with systemic inflammation, ectopic fat deposition, and multiorgan dysfunction, resulting in cardiometabolic complications of obesity; this knowledge would be immensely valuable. The study focused on the basic pathophysiological mechanisms at the level of adipocytes, specifically, the study of risk and protective factors. From preventive factors, the effect of phytoprotective substances with antioxidative potential was studied. Among the risk factors, we concentrated on the impact of persistent organic pollutants (POP's). We observed exposure to...
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Effectivenes of cognitive-behavioural treatment applied in courses of weight reduction related to cognitive and behaviolal factors
Moravcová, Lucie ; Schneidrová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Derflerová Brázdová, Zuzana (referee) ; Fraňková, Slávka (referee) ; Müllerová, Dana (referee)
The Czech Republic is from the early 90 years, reducing rates of overweight in CBT applications, which the company operates STOB Mgr. Iva Malkova. According to available information has not been done until now no research in these courses chartedabove the influence of selected cognitive factors on changes in body weight and also to monitor the change in energy intake (behavioral factor). The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between selected cognitive factors (self-efficacy - and with respect to the general dining behavior and physical activity, self-esteem, personal causal orientation restrictive way of eating behavior) and changes in body weight. At the same time the respondents will track changes in energy intakeduring therapy. The study is to verify the reliability of the Czech version of the WELquestionnaire (Weight Efficacy Life-Style Questionnaire), PSQ (Physical Self-Efficacy Questionnaire) and extended range of restrictive behaviors related to food, based on a questionnaire TFEQ (Three Factor Eating Questionnaire).
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Nutritional Status of Prague Homeless Population
Hrnčířová, Dana ; Anděl, Michal (advisor) ; Derflerová Brázdová, Zuzana (referee) ; Provazníková, Hana (referee) ; Tláskal, Petr (referee)
Socio-economic, health and hygienic characteristics place the homeless people at risk groups. The higher incidence of health problems may have a multi-faceted etiology, including: smoking, alcohol, drugs, poor hygiene, insufficient food intake, poor quality diets etc. The prevalence of chronic diseases and cardiovascular risk factors is generally significantly higher in the homeless population than in the general population. Nutritional status of the homeless is also often compromised; many studies have reported malnutrition and insufficient intake of micronutrients whose daily turnover is enhanced by heavy smoking and alcohol consumption. The objective of our studies was to (a) define in the Prague homeless population the prevalence of protein-energetic malnutrition and (b) describe some of the major cardiovascular risk factors and to make comparisons between this group and the general Czech population, (c) to assess levels of selected vitamins (A, E, C, B1, B2, B6) and trace elements (Zn, Se, Cu) in blood and (d) exposition to Pb and Cd and to compare the results with individuals representing the general Czech population, (e) to assess the nutrient intake of main nutrients and compare it with the daily recommendations.
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Nutritional Status of Prague Homeless Population
Hrnčířová, Dana ; Anděl, Michal (advisor) ; Derflerová Brázdová, Zuzana (referee) ; Provazníková, Hana (referee) ; Tláskal, Petr (referee)
Socio-economic, health and hygienic characteristics place the homeless people at risk groups. The higher incidence of health problems may have a multi-faceted etiology, including: smoking, alcohol, drugs, poor hygiene, insufficient food intake, poor quality diets etc. The prevalence of chronic diseases and cardiovascular risk factors is generally significantly higher in the homeless population than in the general population. Nutritional status of the homeless is also often compromised; many studies have reported malnutrition and insufficient intake of micronutrients whose daily turnover is enhanced by heavy smoking and alcohol consumption. The objective of our studies was to (a) define in the Prague homeless population the prevalence of protein-energetic malnutrition and (b) describe some of the major cardiovascular risk factors and to make comparisons between this group and the general Czech population, (c) to assess levels of selected vitamins (A, E, C, B1, B2, B6) and trace elements (Zn, Se, Cu) in blood and (d) exposition to Pb and Cd and to compare the results with individuals representing the general Czech population, (e) to assess the nutrient intake of main nutrients and compare it with the daily recommendations.
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Effectivenes of cognitive-behavioural treatment applied in courses of weight reduction related to cognitive and behaviolal factors
Moravcová, Lucie ; Schneidrová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Derflerová Brázdová, Zuzana (referee) ; Fraňková, Slávka (referee) ; Müllerová, Dana (referee)
The Czech Republic is from the early 90 years, reducing rates of overweight in CBT applications, which the company operates STOB Mgr. Iva Malkova. According to available information has not been done until now no research in these courses chartedabove the influence of selected cognitive factors on changes in body weight and also to monitor the change in energy intake (behavioral factor). The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between selected cognitive factors (self-efficacy - and with respect to the general dining behavior and physical activity, self-esteem, personal causal orientation restrictive way of eating behavior) and changes in body weight. At the same time the respondents will track changes in energy intakeduring therapy. The study is to verify the reliability of the Czech version of the WELquestionnaire (Weight Efficacy Life-Style Questionnaire), PSQ (Physical Self-Efficacy Questionnaire) and extended range of restrictive behaviors related to food, based on a questionnaire TFEQ (Three Factor Eating Questionnaire).
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