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Microbial characterization of yoghurts and probiotic foods.
Kocourková, Hana ; Burdychová, Radka (referee) ; Španová, Alena (advisor)
Zvýšená konzumace fermentovaných mléčných výrobků v posledních letech vede k zavádění nových výrobků na trh. Funkční a probiotické produkty jsou v dnešní době také hojně rozšířeny. Cílem diplomové práce bylo posoudit mikrobiální kvalitu komerčních jogurtů a nefarmakologických probiotických výrobků. Bylo zkoumáno 24 vzorků jogurtů a 8 vzorků probiotických mléčných výrobků. Pozornornost byla zaměřena zvláště na kvantifikaci mikroorganismů v jednotlivých výrobcích a na sledování viability buněk. Většina mléčných produktů obsahovala počty odpovídající minimální požadované hodnotě 1x107cfu/ml. Nicméně byly objeveny produkty, které neobsahovaly živé bakterie nebo obsahovaly jen jejich menší množství. To platí zejména pro běžné jogurty. Probiotické mléčné výrobky v zásadě obsahovaly větší množství bakterií než jogurty, protože je u nich navíc požadováno 1x106cfu/ml minimálního množství specifických bakterií jiných než jogurtových startovacích kultur. Isoláty z fermentovaných mléčných výrobků byly identifikovány jako Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus spp. Isoláty byly poté rozlišeny na jednotlivé kmeny pomocí RAPD použitím tří různých primerů. Byla zjištěna velká různorodost mezi kmeny rodu Lactobacillus spp. používaných různými podniky.
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PCR identification of selected bacteria in cheeses
Gregušová, Barbora ; Burdychová, Radka (referee) ; Španová, Alena (advisor)
This work is focused on identification and species specification of a collection of 44 clostridial strains using molecular-genetic methods. DNA of bacteria isolated from late-blowing defected cheeses was used. The purified DNA was diluted to 10 ng/µl and its ability to be amplified was verified by PCR with universal primers. By genus-specific PCR was proved that DNA of all samples belongs to Clostridium genus. Based on species-specific PCR reactions, it was determined that 7 strains belong to C. butyricum and 12 strains belong to C. tyrobutyricum. 15 strains were positively detected in both species-specific PCRs and therefore identified as mixed cultures. Another 10 strains were not classified into tested species. Strains with the gene encoding the enzyme hydrogenase hydA were searched using PCR. Specific PCR products for this gene were detected in 30 strains of the analysed collection. Especially intense were the amplicons by all strains belonging to C. butyricum species.
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Agrobacterium tumefaciens application
Kováčová, Viera ; Burdychová, Radka (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
This project focus on biotechnologic applications of bacterium named Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which is capable to mediate genetic transformation not only for plants. Main points of project are divided between description of basic natures and cytology of A. tumafaciens following by overview of usage A. tumefaciens in methods of modifications of diffrent cells. Target of paper about biotechnologic use of A. tumefaciens is confrontation of effectivity of this method of modification with else, summary of positiv benefits of its using for future development of human population and introduction of fundamental transformation methods of modification most important crop plants. Final part of project is brief summation of basic statement from statistics and legislature of genetic modified crops.
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Application of thermophilic Culture for Organic Compounds Biodegradation
Piechová, Jana ; Burdychová, Radka (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
The aim of this work is focused on biodegradability study of modified polyurethane materials (foams and foils) in glukose medium and biodegradation of whey. The biodegradability was tested with using mixed thermophilic aerobic bacterial culture of the Bacillus and Thermus genera. The cultivations were practised in the fermentor and in Erlenmayer flasks in a heated shaker. Maximal reduction of COD and culture growth has been achieved by biodegradation of polyuretane in the fermentor. Main effect of degradation was abiotic destruction of PUR materials and consequent utilization of degradation products by bacterial culture. These tests indicated that the best modification agent for biodegradation was 10% carboxymethyl cellulose. The polyurethane foam was more decomposed then the polyurethane foil. Biodegradation of whey without proteins in the fermentor was detected decrease of CHSK and lactose concentration about 50 % in 20th hour. Optimal conditions for whey biodegradation with the thermophilic bacterial culture were pH 6,5 and temperature 60 °C.
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Study of aerobic cultivation conditions with select strain of Lactobacillus
Šupinová, Petra ; Burdychová, Radka (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
The aim of this study was focused on the study of conditions of growth of strains Lbc. paracasei subsp. paracasei CCDM 211, Lbc. paracasei CCDM 212, Lbc. paracasei subsp. paracasei CCDM 213 and Lbc. salivarius CCDM 216 in media with different amount of carbon-source (glucose, lactose and whey). Next part of the experiment was dealed with study of conditions of bacteria growth at stress conditions (lower pH). The purity od bacterial culture was verified with help of streaking. Purity DNA isolated from bacteria was tested using agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA concentration was estimated spectrophotometricaly. The presence of bacteria of genus Lactobacillus was proved using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with genus specific primers.
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PCR identification of selected bacteria in cheeses
Gregušová, Barbora ; Burdychová, Radka (referee) ; Španová, Alena (advisor)
This work is focused on identification and species specification of a collection of 44 clostridial strains using molecular-genetic methods. DNA of bacteria isolated from late-blowing defected cheeses was used. The purified DNA was diluted to 10 ng/µl and its ability to be amplified was verified by PCR with universal primers. By genus-specific PCR was proved that DNA of all samples belongs to Clostridium genus. Based on species-specific PCR reactions, it was determined that 7 strains belong to C. butyricum and 12 strains belong to C. tyrobutyricum. 15 strains were positively detected in both species-specific PCRs and therefore identified as mixed cultures. Another 10 strains were not classified into tested species. Strains with the gene encoding the enzyme hydrogenase hydA were searched using PCR. Specific PCR products for this gene were detected in 30 strains of the analysed collection. Especially intense were the amplicons by all strains belonging to C. butyricum species.
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Study of aerobic cultivation conditions with select strain of Lactobacillus
Šupinová, Petra ; Burdychová, Radka (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
The aim of this study was focused on the study of conditions of growth of strains Lbc. paracasei subsp. paracasei CCDM 211, Lbc. paracasei CCDM 212, Lbc. paracasei subsp. paracasei CCDM 213 and Lbc. salivarius CCDM 216 in media with different amount of carbon-source (glucose, lactose and whey). Next part of the experiment was dealed with study of conditions of bacteria growth at stress conditions (lower pH). The purity od bacterial culture was verified with help of streaking. Purity DNA isolated from bacteria was tested using agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA concentration was estimated spectrophotometricaly. The presence of bacteria of genus Lactobacillus was proved using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with genus specific primers.
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Microbial characterization of yoghurts and probiotic foods.
Kocourková, Hana ; Burdychová, Radka (referee) ; Španová, Alena (advisor)
Zvýšená konzumace fermentovaných mléčných výrobků v posledních letech vede k zavádění nových výrobků na trh. Funkční a probiotické produkty jsou v dnešní době také hojně rozšířeny. Cílem diplomové práce bylo posoudit mikrobiální kvalitu komerčních jogurtů a nefarmakologických probiotických výrobků. Bylo zkoumáno 24 vzorků jogurtů a 8 vzorků probiotických mléčných výrobků. Pozornornost byla zaměřena zvláště na kvantifikaci mikroorganismů v jednotlivých výrobcích a na sledování viability buněk. Většina mléčných produktů obsahovala počty odpovídající minimální požadované hodnotě 1x107cfu/ml. Nicméně byly objeveny produkty, které neobsahovaly živé bakterie nebo obsahovaly jen jejich menší množství. To platí zejména pro běžné jogurty. Probiotické mléčné výrobky v zásadě obsahovaly větší množství bakterií než jogurty, protože je u nich navíc požadováno 1x106cfu/ml minimálního množství specifických bakterií jiných než jogurtových startovacích kultur. Isoláty z fermentovaných mléčných výrobků byly identifikovány jako Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus spp. Isoláty byly poté rozlišeny na jednotlivé kmeny pomocí RAPD použitím tří různých primerů. Byla zjištěna velká různorodost mezi kmeny rodu Lactobacillus spp. používaných různými podniky.
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Application of thermophilic Culture for Organic Compounds Biodegradation
Piechová, Jana ; Burdychová, Radka (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
The aim of this work is focused on biodegradability study of modified polyurethane materials (foams and foils) in glukose medium and biodegradation of whey. The biodegradability was tested with using mixed thermophilic aerobic bacterial culture of the Bacillus and Thermus genera. The cultivations were practised in the fermentor and in Erlenmayer flasks in a heated shaker. Maximal reduction of COD and culture growth has been achieved by biodegradation of polyuretane in the fermentor. Main effect of degradation was abiotic destruction of PUR materials and consequent utilization of degradation products by bacterial culture. These tests indicated that the best modification agent for biodegradation was 10% carboxymethyl cellulose. The polyurethane foam was more decomposed then the polyurethane foil. Biodegradation of whey without proteins in the fermentor was detected decrease of CHSK and lactose concentration about 50 % in 20th hour. Optimal conditions for whey biodegradation with the thermophilic bacterial culture were pH 6,5 and temperature 60 °C.
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Agrobacterium tumefaciens application
Kováčová, Viera ; Burdychová, Radka (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
This project focus on biotechnologic applications of bacterium named Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which is capable to mediate genetic transformation not only for plants. Main points of project are divided between description of basic natures and cytology of A. tumafaciens following by overview of usage A. tumefaciens in methods of modifications of diffrent cells. Target of paper about biotechnologic use of A. tumefaciens is confrontation of effectivity of this method of modification with else, summary of positiv benefits of its using for future development of human population and introduction of fundamental transformation methods of modification most important crop plants. Final part of project is brief summation of basic statement from statistics and legislature of genetic modified crops.
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