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Hodnocení růstové schopnosti telat plemene hereford ve vybraných stádech masného skotu
BARTŮŇKOVÁ, Lenka
The thesis assesses the factors of growth ability of calves in herds of Hereford beef cattle. Herds of six separate breeders were evaluated throughout the years between 2018 and 2021. The total of 1393 purebred calves were included in the assessment. The data was sorted by sex, year and month of birth of the calves, the father of calves and birth order of the mother. The subject of the observation were weights of the calves at birth and at 120, 210 and 365 days.
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Genomická selekce v chovu skotu
BARTŮŇKOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis analyses genomic selection with an emphasis on cattle breeding. Genomic selection is starting to become a common element of breeding programmes of livestock animals rearing and this is a new approach to marker-assisted selection (MAS), where instead of identifying individual interconnected loci all information for predictions is obtained from markers, thus making them more accurate. This thesis aims to approach genomic selection, individual methods of selection and their uses, as much as their implementation in cattle rearing. The work devotes a section to applications of genomic selection in Czech Republic. The possible future development of genomic selection is being hinted in the conclusion.
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International Trade in Endangered Wildlife (including derivatives)
Bartůňková, Lenka ; Kašpar, Václav (advisor) ; Vošta, Milan (referee)
In the course of the 20th century the un-sustainability of international wildlife trade became apparent. European countries play a major role in wildlife trade. One third of total wildlife imports is destined to the EU which makes EU responsible for the protection of world wildlife and should motivate the EU to be a model in biodiversity protection. Regulation of wildlife trade in the EU is discussed in chapter 1. Trade in wildlife and its derivatives is among the most profitable branches of the international trade. Animals are traded in different forms. Birds are usually traded live (for the pet trade), mammals are traded for their fur, butterflies for their bodies, reptiles for their skins, the highest value is attained by trade in fish. In some categories (live birds, caviar) EU imports more than the rest of the world combined. The EU plays a major role as an importer in other categories as well. The magnitude, value and trends of international wildlife trade are discussed in chapter 2. Profitability of the wildlife trade, strong demand for some products and imperfect implementation of CITES result in the development of illegal trade. Illegal wildlife trade is dominated by organized criminal groups that also deal in drugs and human trafficking. Illegal wildlife trade is linked to severe risks and dangers to both the source country and the recipient. More on illegal wildlife trade in chapter 3. EU imports one third of all legally exported wildlife products. It is also the importer of a majority of illegal wildlife products. Having one of the highest standards of living and seeing that the care of environment cannot be limited by political borders, the author of this thesis concludes that it is logical and imperative that the EU engages in improvement of wildlife protection in less developed countries of the world. The last chapter deals with conservation of Cameroonian Dja Biosphere Reserve and with the attempt of large EU's environmental programs to improve conservation in Cameroon.
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Impact of International Trade in Coffee on Producing Developping Countries
Bartůňková, Lenka ; Steinmetzová, Dana (advisor) ; Antal, Jarolím (referee)
In the second half of the 20th century many new subjects entered the coffee producing business attracted by high coffee prices on the regulated market. When the regulations were lifted in 1989 prices dropped to a 30 year minimum. Low prices now have a negative impact on small producers who cannot compete with large plantation production because they do not attain economies of scales as they are growing coffee on small plots using traditional methods. When thinking about solutions to the current situation, we must not forget that these small farmers often produce coffee of higher quality and more importantly that their fields are areas of high biodiversity taking up the function of dissappearing rainforests. International Coffee Organization looks for global solutions like imposing higher quality standards on traded coffee. Individual consumers can help resolve the situation by buying coffee from small farmers whose production techniques are helping to conserve biodiversity. Such coffee can be found under the labels Shade Grown or Organic. Fair Trade certificate does not tell us anything about environmental protection, it is however still better than the purchase of none certified coffee. In Fair Trade coffee usually has a country of origin. By purchasing that coffee consumer can promote coffee production in that particular country. Ethiopia is highly dependent on coffee. It is also coffee's original home, meaning that it is also home to wild coffee plants and coffee plants with genes that can not be found anywhere else. Wild coffee plants are often found in forests that are however dissappearing fast. For the future of coffee growing it is necessary to conserve the original coffee population for generations to come. By purchasing Ethiopian coffee the consumer helps support the whole sector and raise interest in protection of coffee forests.
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