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The Analogy and the Difference of Rawls' and Habermas' Theory of Democracy
Novák, Marek ; Šimsa, Martin (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the description of two current normative models of democracy which were created by John Rawls and Jürgen Habermas. The aim of this thesis is to describe the most important ideas of these authors presented in their major works, compare them with each other and then highlight some similarities and differences. I will focus on their vision for western democratic societies and international dimension of their theories. I will focus on methodology as well. The question I would like to answer is: to which extend could be these theories of democracy considered as the theories of liberal democracy? First I will deal with John Rawls's approach. In A Theory of Justice he introduced interesting idea of the social contract restoration and the establishment of two principles of justice in the original position. This work can be read as defence of human rights. Next I will focus on Political Liberalism. In Political liberalism Rawls is interested in securing human and civic rights for members of modern pluralist democracies. He is introducing here the idea of an overlapping consensus. This idea should maintain the stability of a system. The Law of Peoples is the attempt to bring his theory to international level. Next I will move to Jürgen Habermas. I will mention his early works -...
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Discussion about the Czech Deal
Brabec, Dušan ; Kučera, Jan (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
Main subject of this bachelor's thesis is a discussion about the Czech deal in the context of Prague spring 1968. This discussion took place on the pages of newspapers and magazines in the 1968 - 1969. In the first chapter of this thesis, the main factors which resulted in the loss of the reform process of Prague spring are analyzed. In the second chapter, the discussion about Czech deal is being analyzed, the original texts are being compared and the main arguments of main authors of these documents are explained. The third chapter takes into account the overlap of the original discussion about Czech deal nowadays and investigates whether some moments of the Prague spring could provide solutions for the modern society problems.
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Masaryk's concept of democracy
Kuchař, Roman ; Šimsa, Martin (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is focused on normative concept of democracy which we encounter in the thoughts of Tomas Garrigue Masaryk, significant figure of the Czech history in the areas of social (political) life and science. The objective of the thesis is to capture as accurately as possible Masaryk's idea of democracy as a certain synthesis of moral and political opinion (conviction) of the author. This concept is further illustrated through his critical interpretation by personalities following up the tradition of Czech philosophical humanism and by insertion in the context of chosen theories of democracy. The implementation of the said objective will lead to clarifying values, offering answer to ever existing question concerning crisis of modern people. Although Masaryk's solution is highly normative and outdated in many aspects presently, it is one of the few really elaborated proposals presented in the question concerning crisis of modern people. This thesis puts forth the opinion that Masaryk's concept of democracy is still inspirational, although it requires updating based on historical experience of the last century.
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Ideological Background of the American Revolution
Cuník, Maroš ; Franěk, Jakub (advisor) ; Kotábová, Věra (referee)
Bachelor thesis with its subject of Ideological background of American Revolution deals with ideological influences, which affected American society during the formation of a new nation. It shows the character of American revolution and early republic, and weight of republican and liberal traditions in this period of time. It specifically studies the impact of John Locke's liberalism on declaration of independence and character of American society. It also deals with republican values, which were transformed into the constitutions of the states, as well as the Federal Constitution itself. Both liberal and republican influences were present during the revolution, and both formed the character of new American republic, which is shown by analysis. The impact of John Locke's thought is depicted not only in literal and factual form of the Declaration, but also in the reality of the American society. It is concluded, that the formation of the United States was until that time a unique event, and the created system was quite new. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Ideologization and fragmentation of Skinhead subculture
Novotný, Jaroslav ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The master thesis titled Ideologization and fragmentation of Skinhead subculture deals with historical background of Skinhead subculture genesis and with cleavages, that determinated its ideologization and fragmentation. Simultaneously it pays close attention to analysis of various branches of the Skinhead subculture. The first chapter of the thesis builds theoretical foundations of the research. In this chapter the terms culture, subculture and counterculture are explained. Accentutation is placed on common denominators as well as on differences in the definition of these terms. The second chapter of the master thesis deals equally with historical background of Skinhead subculture genesis and with subcultures with a significant impact on the formation of the Skinhead subculture. In this chapter the attention is focused on historical facts of political development in Great Britain after The Second World War, on subcultures popular at that time and on foundation of the Skinhead subculture. The third chapter of this thesis analyzes infiltration of the political ideologies inside the subculture and the following fragmentation of Skinheads. Research in this chapter is focused on the spread of extreme right-wing elements, foundation of the racist branch of the subculture and sequentially on the reaction...
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Social utopias - a comparation
Zukal, Jan ; Franěk, Jakub (advisor) ; Sekerák, Marián (referee)
Utopia, a perfect place, a place that doesn't exist. A place that is separated from the outside world and fully self-sufficient. Conception of an ideal state system dealt with dozens of philosophers and political thinkers. In ancient times it was Plato in his writings Constitution and laws. In early Christianity religious community that sought to live in the ideal commonwealth according to God's word. In the Renaissance, it was Thomas More, Utopia which gave its name to the whole genre, or Tomasso Campanella and the Sun. These authors became pioneers of utopian socialism. Utopia is at the same time also dealt with Francis Bacon, who rather than socially conceived scientifically. They were followed by modern utopian socialists, such as Charles Fourier, and Robert Owen. The last part of the development consists of so-called utopia dystopia, or anti-utopia. The best known dystrophic parts are Matrix, or 1984 by George Orwell.
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Different Approach or Barriers of power?
Jansová, Kateřina ; Gelnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
Representation of women in the lowest floor of Czech politics (the smallest municipalities) is percent higher than representation of women in the highest elected political office at the central level. There is a rule: the higher function, the smaller the percentage of women. This thesis focuses on reciprocal proportion between power importance of the political function and the percentage of women engaged in political office. The thesis search for answer to the question: What are the reasons of the reciprocal proportion between power importance of political function and the percentage of men and women who perform a given function? The goal of the thesis is find why the women are represented in the functions of the lower floors of politics more than the upper floors.
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Dialogue Rádl versus Hejdánek
Doležal, Kryštof ; Kučera, Jan (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The problem of nation and nationalism is the subject of reflections in Czech political thought from the late 19th century; broader problem with definition of nation and its meaning constitutes more than centennial polemic called "the Czech question". This bachelor thesis inquiries chapter of this controversy, the works of two Protestant philosophers: Emanuel Rádl and Ladislav Hejdánek. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare concepts of these authors that are related to the nation, nationalism and philosophy of history. Furthermore, this bachelor thesis discloses continuity of certain idealistic-theological tradition, whose roots are discoverable (according to one interpretation) in ancient Israel. For Rádl and Hejdánek nation is a moral category, which is why the ethic aspects are central motive for their analysis of nation.
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The Ideological Foundations of American Foreign Policy: John Lock's liberalism
Kárník, Jan ; Franěk, Jakub (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
Main focus of this bachelor thesis is the influence of John Locke's political theory on American foreign policy. Its aim is to reveal the colonial context of Locke's theory and link it with American exceptionalism and also to identify some features of Locke's theory with the "War on Terror" and the so-called "Bush Doctrine". Two dichotomies typical of American foreign policy studies are being examined, realism-idealism and isolationism-expansionism. To understand them better, the thesis examines briefly the history of the early American republic with an emphasis on the so-called Monroe Doctrine. In conclusion, the author states that the tradition of American foreign policy is rather expansionist and unilateralist then isolationist and that it is hard to place it clearly in the realism-idealism dichotomy. Locke's political theory is found at the core of American exceptionalism and idealism and some features of Locke' theory are found in the "War on Terror" and in the "Bush doctrine". At the end it is argued, that it is necessary to keep in mind the eurocentrism of Locke's theory and the ideological nature of American exceptionalism when studying American foreign policy.
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Political Philosophy of Almoravid and Almohad Period in Iberian Peninsula
Buryšová, Jana ; Kučera, Jan (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The bachelor thesis presents the work of the political philosophy in al - Andalus, today's Iberian Peninsula. The main topic of the work is the disquisition on the publications of Ibn Rushd and Ibn Bajjah in the field of the political philosophy. Concerning Ibn Bajjah's work, the interpretation is focused on his main tract "Governance of the Solitary", and regarding Ibn Rushd's work, the study is based on his writings "Exposition of Plato's Republic" and "Decisive Treatise on the Relation between Philosophy and Religion." Political thought of these authors is first presented in the historical context, afterwards the political thought of each author is discussed individually, and at the end, the theses of Ibn Rushd and Ibn Bajjah are compared together. In this comparison, the work focuses on the relation between the individual and the society and the role of a philosopher in society. The work also studies the views of the authors on a perfect state and an imperfect state, whose classification is taken over from Plato by both thinkers. The last part focuses on the followers of Ibn Rushd and Ibn Bajjah. Mainly, there is explained a political thought of Ibn Tufail, who bases his work "Alive, son of Awake" on the Ibn Bajjah's tract "Governance of the Solitary". The aim of the thesis is to give an...
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